Postfix manual - postmap(1)

    POSTMAP(1)                                                          POSTMAP(1)

    NAME
           postmap - Postfix lookup table management

    SYNOPSIS
           postmap [-NbfhimnoprsuUvw] [-c config_dir] [-d key] [-q key]
                   [file_type:]file_name ...

    DESCRIPTION
           The  postmap(1)  command  creates or queries one or more Postfix lookup
           tables, or updates an existing one. The input and output  file  formats
           are expected to be compatible with:

               makemap file_type file_name < file_name

           If  the  result  files  do not exist they will be created with the same
           group and other read permissions as their source file.

           While the table update is in progress, signal  delivery  is  postponed,
           and  an  exclusive,  advisory,  lock  is placed on the entire table, in
           order to avoid surprises in spectator processes.

    INPUT FILE FORMAT
           The format of a lookup table input file is as follows:

           o      A table entry has the form

                       key whitespace value

           o      Empty lines and whitespace-only lines are ignored, as are  lines
                  whose first non-whitespace character is a `#'.

           o      A  logical  line  starts  with  non-whitespace text. A line that
                  starts with whitespace continues a logical line.

           The key and value are processed as is, except  that  surrounding  white
           space is stripped off. Unlike with Postfix alias databases, quotes can-
           not be used to protect lookup keys that contain special characters such
           as `#' or whitespace.

           By  default  the  lookup key is mapped to lowercase to make the lookups
           case insensitive; as of Postfix 2.3 this case folding happens only with
           tables whose lookup keys are fixed-case strings such as btree:, dbm: or
           hash:. With earlier versions, the lookup key is folded even with tables
           where  a lookup field can match both upper and lower case text, such as
           regexp: and pcre:. This resulted in loss of  information  with  $number
           substitutions.

    COMMAND-LINE ARGUMENTS
           -b     Enable  message  body  query mode. When reading lookup keys from
                  standard input with "-q -", process the input as  if  it  is  an
                  email  message  in  RFC  2822 format.  Each line of body content
                  becomes one lookup key.

                  By default, the -b option starts generating lookup keys  at  the
                  first  non-header line, and stops when the end of the message is
                  reached.  To simulate  body_checks(5)  processing,  enable  MIME
                  parsing   with  -m.  With  this,  the  -b  option  generates  no
                  body-style lookup keys  for  attachment  MIME  headers  and  for
                  attached message/* headers.

                  NOTE:  with  "smtputf8_enable  = yes", the -b option option dis-
                  ables UTF-8 syntax checks on  query  keys  and  lookup  results.
                  Specify the -U option to force UTF-8 syntax checks anyway.

                  This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

           -c config_dir
                  Read  the  main.cf  configuration  file  in  the named directory
                  instead of the default configuration directory.

           -d key Search the specified maps for key and remove one entry per  map.
                  The  exit  status  is  zero  when  the requested information was
                  found.

                  If a key value of - is specified, the program reads  key  values
                  from  the standard input stream. The exit status is zero when at
                  least one of the requested keys was found.

           -f     Do not fold the lookup key  to  lower  case  while  creating  or
                  querying a table.

                  With  Postfix  version  2.3 and later, this option has no effect
                  for regular expression tables. There, case folding is controlled
                  by appending a flag to a pattern.

           -h     Enable  message header query mode. When reading lookup keys from
                  standard input with "-q -", process the input as  if  it  is  an
                  email  message  in  RFC  2822  format.  Each logical header line
                  becomes one lookup key. A multi-line header becomes  one  lookup
                  key with one or more embedded newline characters.

                  By  default, the -h option generates lookup keys until the first
                  non-header line is reached.  To simulate  header_checks(5)  pro-
                  cessing,  enable  MIME parsing with -m. With this, the -h option
                  also generates header-style  lookup  keys  for  attachment  MIME
                  headers and for attached message/* headers.

                  NOTE:  with  "smtputf8_enable  = yes", the -b option option dis-
                  ables UTF-8 syntax checks on  query  keys  and  lookup  results.
                  Specify the -U option to force UTF-8 syntax checks anyway.

                  This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

           -i     Incremental  mode.  Read  entries from standard input and do not
                  truncate an existing database. By default, postmap(1) creates  a
                  new database from the entries in file_name.

           -m     Enable MIME parsing with "-b" and "-h".

                  This feature is available in Postfix version 2.6 and later.

           -N     Include  the  terminating  null character that terminates lookup
                  keys and values. By default, postmap(1)  does  whatever  is  the
                  default for the host operating system.

           -n     Don't  include  the  terminating  null character that terminates
                  lookup keys and values. By default, postmap(1) does whatever  is
                  the default for the host operating system.

           -o     Do  not release root privileges when processing a non-root input
                  file. By default, postmap(1) drops root privileges and  runs  as
                  the source file owner instead.

           -p     Do  not  inherit the file access permissions from the input file
                  when creating a new file.   Instead,  create  a  new  file  with
                  default access permissions (mode 0644).

           -q key Search  the  specified  maps  for  key and write the first value
                  found to the standard output stream. The  exit  status  is  zero
                  when the requested information was found.

                  If  a  key value of - is specified, the program reads key values
                  from the standard input stream and writes one line of key  value
                  output for each key that was found. The exit status is zero when
                  at least one of the requested keys was found.

           -r     When updating a table, do not complain about attempts to  update
                  existing entries, and make those updates anyway.

           -s     Retrieve  all database elements, and write one line of key value
                  output for each element. The elements are  printed  in  database
                  order,  which  is not necessarily the same as the original input
                  order.

                  This feature is available in Postfix version 2.2 and later,  and
                  is not available for all database types.

           -u     Disable  UTF-8 support. UTF-8 support is enabled by default when
                  "smtputf8_enable = yes". It requires that keys  and  values  are
                  valid UTF-8 strings.

           -U     With "smtputf8_enable = yes", force UTF-8 syntax checks with the
                  -b and -h options.

           -v     Enable verbose  logging  for  debugging  purposes.  Multiple  -v
                  options make the software increasingly verbose.

           -w     When  updating a table, do not complain about attempts to update
                  existing entries, and ignore those attempts.

           Arguments:

           file_type
                  The database type. To find out what types are supported, use the
                  "postconf -m" command.

                  The postmap(1) command can query any supported file type, but it
                  can create only the following file types:

                  btree  The output file is  a  btree  file,  named  file_name.db.
                         This  is  available  on systems with support for db data-
                         bases.

                  cdb    The output consists of  one  file,  named  file_name.cdb.
                         This  is  available on systems with support for cdb data-
                         bases.

                  dbm    The output consists of two files, named file_name.pag and
                         file_name.dir.  This is available on systems with support
                         for dbm databases.

                  hash   The output file is a  hashed  file,  named  file_name.db.
                         This  is  available  on systems with support for db data-
                         bases.

                  fail   A table that reliably fails all requests. The lookup  ta-
                         ble  name  is used for logging only. This table exists to
                         simplify Postfix error tests.

                  sdbm   The output consists of two files, named file_name.pag and
                         file_name.dir.  This is available on systems with support
                         for sdbm databases.

                  When no file_type is specified, the software uses  the  database
                  type   specified  via  the  default_database_type  configuration
                  parameter.

           file_name
                  The name of the lookup table source file when rebuilding a data-
                  base.

    DIAGNOSTICS
           Problems are logged to the standard error stream and to syslogd(8).  No
           output means that no problems  were  detected.  Duplicate  entries  are
           skipped and are flagged with a warning.

           postmap(1) terminates with zero exit status in case of success (includ-
           ing successful "postmap -q" lookup) and terminates with  non-zero  exit
           status in case of failure.

    ENVIRONMENT
           MAIL_CONFIG
                  Directory with Postfix configuration files.

           MAIL_VERBOSE
                  Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes.

    CONFIGURATION PARAMETERS
           The  following  main.cf parameters are especially relevant to this pro-
           gram.  The text below provides only  a  parameter  summary.  See  post-
           conf(5) for more details including examples.

           berkeley_db_create_buffer_size (16777216)
                  The  per-table I/O buffer size for programs that create Berkeley
                  DB hash or btree tables.

           berkeley_db_read_buffer_size (131072)
                  The per-table I/O buffer size for programs that read Berkeley DB
                  hash or btree tables.

           config_directory (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The  default  location of the Postfix main.cf and master.cf con-
                  figuration files.

           default_database_type (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The default database type for use in newaliases(1), postalias(1)
                  and postmap(1) commands.

           smtputf8_enable (yes)
                  Enable  preliminary SMTPUTF8 support for the protocols described
                  in RFC 6531..6533.

           syslog_facility (mail)
                  The syslog facility of Postfix logging.

           syslog_name (see 'postconf -d' output)
                  The mail system name that is prepended to the  process  name  in
                  syslog  records,  so  that  "smtpd" becomes, for example, "post-
                  fix/smtpd".

    SEE ALSO
           postalias(1), create/update/query alias database
           postconf(1), supported database types
           postconf(5), configuration parameters
           syslogd(8), system logging

    README FILES
           DATABASE_README, Postfix lookup table overview

    LICENSE
           The Secure Mailer license must be distributed with this software.

    AUTHOR(S)
           Wietse Venema
           IBM T.J. Watson Research
           P.O. Box 704
           Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, USA

           Wietse Venema
           Google, Inc.
           111 8th Avenue
           New York, NY 10011, USA

                                                                        POSTMAP(1)