yt-dlp(1)

NAME

yt-dlp - A youtube-dl fork with additional features and patches

SYNOPSIS

yt-dlp [OPTIONS] URL [URL...]

DESCRIPTION

yt-dlp is a youtube-dl (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc). The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project

OPTIONS

  General Options:

-h, --help
    Print this help text and exit

--version
    Print program version and exit

-U, --update
    Update this program to latest version. Make sure that you have sufficient permissions (run with sudo if needed)

-i, --ignore-errors
    Ignore download and postprocessing errors. The download will be considered successful even if the postprocessing fails

--no-abort-on-error
    Continue with next video on download errors; e.g. to skip unavailable videos in a playlist (default)

--abort-on-error
    Abort downloading of further videos if an error occurs (Alias: --no-ignore-errors)

--dump-user-agent
    Display the current user-agent and exit

--list-extractors
    List all supported extractors and exit

--extractor-descriptions
    Output descriptions of all supported extractors and exit

--force-generic-extractor
    Force extraction to use the generic extractor

--default-search PREFIX
    Use this prefix for unqualified URLs. For example "gvsearch2:" downloads two videos from google videos for the search term "large apple". Use the value "auto" to let yt-dlp guess ("auto_warning" to emit a warning when guessing). "error" just throws an error. The default value "fixup_error" repairs broken URLs, but emits an error if this is not possible instead of searching

--ignore-config
    Don't load any more configuration files except those given by --config-locations. For backward compatibility, if this option is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded. (Alias: --no-config)

--no-config-locations
    Do not load any custom configuration files (default). When given inside a configuration file, ignore all previous --config-locations defined in the current file

--config-locations PATH
    Location of the main configuration file; either the path to the config or its containing directory. Can be used multiple times and inside other configuration files

--flat-playlist
    Do not extract the videos of a playlist, only list them

--no-flat-playlist
    Extract the videos of a playlist

--live-from-start
    Download livestreams from the start. Currently only supported for YouTube (Experimental)

--no-live-from-start
    Download livestreams from the current time (default)

--wait-for-video MIN[-MAX]
    Wait for scheduled streams to become available. Pass the minimum number of seconds (or range) to wait between retries

--no-wait-for-video
    Do not wait for scheduled streams (default)

--mark-watched
    Mark videos watched (even with --simulate). Currently only supported for YouTube

--no-mark-watched
    Do not mark videos watched (default)

--no-colors
    Do not emit color codes in output

--compat-options OPTS
    Options that can help keep compatibility with youtube-dl or youtube-dlc configurations by reverting some of the changes made in yt-dlp. See "Differences in default behavior" for details

  Network Options:

--proxy URL
    Use the specified HTTP/HTTPS/SOCKS proxy. To enable SOCKS proxy, specify a proper scheme. For example socks5://127.0.0.1:1080/. Pass in an empty string (--proxy "") for direct connection

--socket-timeout SECONDS
    Time to wait before giving up, in seconds

--source-address IP
    Client-side IP address to bind to

-4, --force-ipv4
    Make all connections via IPv4

-6, --force-ipv6
    Make all connections via IPv6

  Geo-restriction:

--geo-verification-proxy URL
    Use this proxy to verify the IP address for some geo-restricted sites. The default proxy specified by --proxy (or none, if the option is not present) is used for the actual downloading

--geo-bypass
    Bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header

--no-geo-bypass
    Do not bypass geographic restriction via faking X-Forwarded-For HTTP header

--geo-bypass-country CODE
    Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided two-letter ISO 3166-2 country code

--geo-bypass-ip-block IP_BLOCK
    Force bypass geographic restriction with explicitly provided IP block in CIDR notation

  Video Selection:

--playlist-start NUMBER
    Playlist video to start at (default is 1)

--playlist-end NUMBER
    Playlist video to end at (default is last)

--playlist-items ITEM_SPEC
    Playlist video items to download. Specify indices of the videos in the playlist separated by commas like: "--playlist-items 1,2,5,8" if you want to download videos indexed 1, 2, 5, 8 in the playlist. You can specify range: "--playlist-items 1-3,7,10-13", it will download the videos at index 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, 11, 12 and 13

--min-filesize SIZE
    Do not download any videos smaller than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)

--max-filesize SIZE
    Do not download any videos larger than SIZE (e.g. 50k or 44.6m)

--date DATE
    Download only videos uploaded on this date. The date can be "YYYYMMDD" or in the format "(now|today)[+-][0-9](day|week|month|year)( s)?"

--datebefore DATE
    Download only videos uploaded on or before this date. The date formats accepted is the same as --date

--dateafter DATE
    Download only videos uploaded on or after this date. The date formats accepted is the same as --date

--match-filter FILTER
    Generic video filter. Any field (see "OUTPUT TEMPLATE") can be compared with a number or a string using the operators defined in "Filtering formats". You can also simply specify a field to match if the field is present and "!field" to check if the field is not present. In addition, Python style regular expression matching can be done using "~=", and multiple filters can be checked with "&". Use a "" to escape "&" or quotes if needed. Eg: --match-filter "!is_live & like_count>?100 & description~='(?i)& dogs" matches only videos that are not live, has a like count more than 100 (or the like field is not available), and also has a description that contains the phrase "cats & dogs" (ignoring case)

--no-match-filter
    Do not use generic video filter (default)

--no-playlist
    Download only the video, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist

--yes-playlist
    Download the playlist, if the URL refers to a video and a playlist

--age-limit YEARS
    Download only videos suitable for the given age

--download-archive FILE
    Download only videos not listed in the archive file. Record the IDs of all downloaded videos in it

--no-download-archive
    Do not use archive file (default)

--max-downloads NUMBER
    Abort after downloading NUMBER files

--break-on-existing
    Stop the download process when encountering a file that is in the archive

--break-on-reject
    Stop the download process when encountering a file that has been filtered out

--break-per-input
    Make --break-on-existing and --break-on- reject act only on the current input URL

--no-break-per-input
    --break-on-existing and --break-on-reject terminates the entire download queue

--skip-playlist-after-errors N
    Number of allowed failures until the rest of the playlist is skipped

  Download Options:

-N, --concurrent-fragments N
    Number of fragments of a dash/hlsnative video that should be downloaded concurrently (default is 1)

-r, --limit-rate RATE
    Maximum download rate in bytes per second (e.g. 50K or 4.2M)

--throttled-rate RATE
    Minimum download rate in bytes per second below which throttling is assumed and the video data is re-extracted (e.g. 100K)

-R, --retries RETRIES
    Number of retries (default is 10), or "infinite"

--file-access-retries RETRIES
    Number of times to retry on file access error (default is 10), or "infinite"

--fragment-retries RETRIES
    Number of retries for a fragment (default is 10), or "infinite" (DASH, hlsnative and ISM)

--skip-unavailable-fragments
    Skip unavailable fragments for DASH, hlsnative and ISM (default) (Alias: --no- abort-on-unavailable-fragment)

--abort-on-unavailable-fragment
    Abort downloading if a fragment is unavailable (Alias: --no-skip-unavailable- fragments)

--keep-fragments
    Keep downloaded fragments on disk after downloading is finished

--no-keep-fragments
    Delete downloaded fragments after downloading is finished (default)

--buffer-size SIZE
    Size of download buffer (e.g. 1024 or 16K) (default is 1024)

--resize-buffer
    The buffer size is automatically resized from an initial value of --buffer-size (default)

--no-resize-buffer
    Do not automatically adjust the buffer size

--http-chunk-size SIZE
    Size of a chunk for chunk-based HTTP downloading (e.g. 10485760 or 10M) (default is disabled). May be useful for bypassing bandwidth throttling imposed by a webserver (experimental)

--playlist-reverse
    Download playlist videos in reverse order

--no-playlist-reverse
    Download playlist videos in default order (default)

--playlist-random
    Download playlist videos in random order

--xattr-set-filesize
    Set file xattribute ytdl.filesize with expected file size

--hls-use-mpegts
    Use the mpegts container for HLS videos; allowing some players to play the video while downloading, and reducing the chance of file corruption if download is interrupted. This is enabled by default for live streams

--no-hls-use-mpegts
    Do not use the mpegts container for HLS videos. This is default when not downloading live streams

--downloader [PROTO:]NAME
    Name or path of the external downloader to use (optionally) prefixed by the protocols (http, ftp, m3u8, dash, rstp, rtmp, mms) to use it for. Currently supports native, aria2c, avconv, axel, curl, ffmpeg, httpie, wget (Recommended: aria2c). You can use this option multiple times to set different downloaders for different protocols. For example, --downloader aria2c --downloader "dash,m3u8:native" will use aria2c for http/ftp downloads, and the native downloader for dash/m3u8 downloads (Alias: --external-downloader)

--downloader-args NAME:ARGS
    Give these arguments to the external downloader. Specify the downloader name and the arguments separated by a colon ":". For ffmpeg, arguments can be passed to different positions using the same syntax as --postprocessor-args. You can use this option multiple times to give different arguments to different downloaders (Alias: --external-downloader-args)

  Filesystem Options:

-a, --batch-file FILE
    File containing URLs to download ("-" for stdin), one URL per line. Lines starting with "#", ";" or "]" are considered as comments and ignored

--no-batch-file
    Do not read URLs from batch file (default)

-P, --paths [TYPES:]PATH
    The paths where the files should be downloaded. Specify the type of file and the path separated by a colon ":". All the same TYPES as --output are supported. Additionally, you can also provide "home" (default) and "temp" paths. All intermediary files are first downloaded to the temp path and then the final files are moved over to the home path after download is finished. This option is ignored if --output is an absolute path

-o, --output [TYPES:]TEMPLATE
    Output filename template; see "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details

--output-na-placeholder TEXT
    Placeholder value for unavailable meta fields in output filename template (default: "NA")

--restrict-filenames
    Restrict filenames to only ASCII characters, and avoid "&" and spaces in filenames

--no-restrict-filenames
    Allow Unicode characters, "&" and spaces in filenames (default)

--windows-filenames
    Force filenames to be Windows-compatible

--no-windows-filenames
    Make filenames Windows-compatible only if using Windows (default)

--trim-filenames LENGTH
    Limit the filename length (excluding extension) to the specified number of characters

-w, --no-overwrites
    Do not overwrite any files

--force-overwrites
    Overwrite all video and metadata files. This option includes --no-continue

--no-force-overwrites
    Do not overwrite the video, but overwrite related files (default)

-c, --continue
    Resume partially downloaded files/fragments (default)

--no-continue
    Do not resume partially downloaded fragments. If the file is not fragmented, restart download of the entire file

--part
    Use .part files instead of writing directly into output file (default)

--no-part
    Do not use .part files - write directly into output file

--mtime
    Use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time (default)

--no-mtime
    Do not use the Last-modified header to set the file modification time

--write-description
    Write video description to a .description file

--no-write-description
    Do not write video description (default)

--write-info-json
    Write video metadata to a .info.json file (this may contain personal information)

--no-write-info-json
    Do not write video metadata (default)

--write-playlist-metafiles
    Write playlist metadata in addition to the video metadata when using --write-info- json, --write-description etc. (default)

--no-write-playlist-metafiles
    Do not write playlist metadata when using --write-info-json, --write-description etc.

--clean-infojson
    Remove some private fields such as filenames from the infojson. Note that it could still contain some personal information (default)

--no-clean-infojson
    Write all fields to the infojson

--write-comments
    Retrieve video comments to be placed in the infojson. The comments are fetched even without this option if the extraction is known to be quick (Alias: --get-comments)

--no-write-comments
    Do not retrieve video comments unless the extraction is known to be quick (Alias: --no-get-comments)

--load-info-json FILE
    JSON file containing the video information (created with the "--write-info-json" option)

--cookies FILE
    Netscape formatted file to read cookies from and dump cookie jar in

--no-cookies
    Do not read/dump cookies from/to file (default) --cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE] The name of the browser and (optionally) the name/path of the profile to load cookies from, separated by a ":". Currently supported browsers are: brave, chrome, chromium, edge, firefox, opera, safari, vivaldi. By default, the most recently accessed profile is used. The keyring used for decrypting Chromium cookies on Linux can be (optionally) specified after the browser name separated by a "+". Currently supported keyrings are: basictext, gnomekeyring, kwallet

--no-cookies-from-browser
    Do not load cookies from browser (default)

--cache-dir DIR
    Location in the filesystem where youtube-dl can store some downloaded information (such as client ids and signatures) permanently. By default $XDG_CACHE_HOME/yt-dlp or ~/.cache/yt-dlp

--no-cache-dir
    Disable filesystem caching

--rm-cache-dir
    Delete all filesystem cache files

  Thumbnail Options:

--write-thumbnail
    Write thumbnail image to disk

--no-write-thumbnail
    Do not write thumbnail image to disk (default)

--write-all-thumbnails
    Write all thumbnail image formats to disk

--list-thumbnails
    List available thumbnails of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used

  Internet Shortcut Options:

--write-link
    Write an internet shortcut file, depending on the current platform (.url, .webloc or .desktop). The URL may be cached by the OS

--write-url-link
    Write a .url Windows internet shortcut. The OS caches the URL based on the file path

--write-webloc-link
    Write a .webloc macOS internet shortcut

--write-desktop-link
    Write a .desktop Linux internet shortcut

  Verbosity and Simulation Options:

-q, --quiet
    Activate quiet mode. If used with --verbose, print the log to stderr

--no-warnings
    Ignore warnings

-s, --simulate
    Do not download the video and do not write anything to disk

--no-simulate
    Download the video even if printing/listing options are used

--ignore-no-formats-error
    Ignore "No video formats" error. Useful for extracting metadata even if the videos are not actually available for download (experimental)

--no-ignore-no-formats-error
    Throw error when no downloadable video formats are found (default)

--skip-download
    Do not download the video but write all related files (Alias: --no-download)

-O, --print [WHEN:]TEMPLATE
    Field name or output template to print to screen, optionally prefixed with when to print it, separated by a ":". Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor, and "video" (default). Implies --quiet and --simulate (unless --no-simulate is used). This option can be used multiple times

-j, --dump-json
    Quiet, but print JSON information for each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for a description of available keys

-J, --dump-single-json
    Quiet, but print JSON information for each url or infojson passed. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used. If the URL refers to a playlist, the whole playlist information is dumped in a single line

--force-write-archive
    Force download archive entries to be written as far as no errors occur, even if -s or another simulation option is used (Alias: --force-download-archive)

--newline
    Output progress bar as new lines

--no-progress
    Do not print progress bar

--progress
    Show progress bar, even if in quiet mode

--console-title
    Display progress in console titlebar --progress-template [TYPES:]TEMPLATE Template for progress outputs, optionally prefixed with one of "download:" (default), "download-title:" (the console title), "postprocess:", or "postprocess-title:". The video's fields are accessible under the "info" key and the progress attributes are accessible under "progress" key. E.g.: --console-title --progress-template "download- title:%(info.id)s-%(progress.eta)s"

-v, --verbose
    Print various debugging information

--dump-pages
    Print downloaded pages encoded using base64 to debug problems (very verbose)

--write-pages
    Write downloaded intermediary pages to files in the current directory to debug problems

--print-traffic
    Display sent and read HTTP traffic

  Workarounds:

--encoding ENCODING
    Force the specified encoding (experimental)

--legacy-server-connect
    Explicitly allow HTTPS connection to servers that do not support RFC 5746 secure renegotiation

--no-check-certificates
    Suppress HTTPS certificate validation

--prefer-insecure
    Use an unencrypted connection to retrieve information about the video (Currently supported only for YouTube)

--user-agent UA
    Specify a custom user agent

--referer URL
    Specify a custom referer, use if the video access is restricted to one domain

--add-header FIELD:VALUE
    Specify a custom HTTP header and its value, separated by a colon ":". You can use this option multiple times

--bidi-workaround
    Work around terminals that lack bidirectional text support. Requires bidiv or fribidi executable in PATH

--sleep-requests SECONDS
    Number of seconds to sleep between requests during data extraction

--sleep-interval SECONDS
    Number of seconds to sleep before each download. This is the minimum time to sleep when used along with --max-sleep-interval (Alias: --min-sleep-interval)

--max-sleep-interval SECONDS
    Maximum number of seconds to sleep. Can only be used along with --min-sleep- interval

--sleep-subtitles SECONDS
    Number of seconds to sleep before each subtitle download

  Video Format Options:

-f, --format FORMAT
    Video format code, see "FORMAT SELECTION" for more details

-S, --format-sort SORTORDER
    Sort the formats by the fields given, see "Sorting Formats" for more details

--format-sort-force
    Force user specified sort order to have precedence over all fields, see "Sorting Formats" for more details

--no-format-sort-force
    Some fields have precedence over the user specified sort order (default), see "Sorting Formats" for more details

--video-multistreams
    Allow multiple video streams to be merged into a single file

--no-video-multistreams
    Only one video stream is downloaded for each output file (default)

--audio-multistreams
    Allow multiple audio streams to be merged into a single file

--no-audio-multistreams
    Only one audio stream is downloaded for each output file (default)

--prefer-free-formats
    Prefer video formats with free containers over non-free ones of same quality. Use with "-S ext" to strictly prefer free containers irrespective of quality

--no-prefer-free-formats
    Don't give any special preference to free containers (default)

--check-formats
    Check that the selected formats are actually downloadable

--check-all-formats
    Check all formats for whether they are actually downloadable

--no-check-formats
    Do not check that the formats are actually downloadable

-F, --list-formats
    List available formats of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used

--merge-output-format FORMAT
    If a merge is required (e.g. bestvideo+bestaudio), output to given container format. One of mkv, mp4, ogg, webm, flv. Ignored if no merge is required

  Subtitle Options:

--write-subs
    Write subtitle file

--no-write-subs
    Do not write subtitle file (default)

--write-auto-subs
    Write automatically generated subtitle file (Alias: --write-automatic-subs)

--no-write-auto-subs
    Do not write auto-generated subtitles (default) (Alias: --no-write-automatic- subs)

--list-subs
    List available subtitles of each video. Simulate unless --no-simulate is used

--sub-format FORMAT
    Subtitle format, accepts formats preference, for example: "srt" or "ass/srt/best"

--sub-langs LANGS
    Languages of the subtitles to download (can be regex) or "all" separated by commas. (Eg: --sub-langs "en.*,ja") You can prefix the language code with a "-" to exempt it from the requested languages. (Eg: --sub- langs all,-live_chat) Use --list-subs for a list of available language tags

  Authentication Options:

-u, --username USERNAME
    Login with this account ID

-p, --password PASSWORD
    Account password. If this option is left out, yt-dlp will ask interactively

-2, --twofactor TWOFACTOR
    Two-factor authentication code

-n, --netrc
    Use .netrc authentication data

--netrc-location PATH
    Location of .netrc authentication data; either the path or its containing directory. Defaults to ~/.netrc

--video-password PASSWORD
    Video password (vimeo, youku)

--ap-mso MSO
    Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso for a list of available MSOs

--ap-username USERNAME
    Multiple-system operator account login

--ap-password PASSWORD
    Multiple-system operator account password. If this option is left out, yt-dlp will ask interactively

--ap-list-mso
    List all supported multiple-system operators

  Post-Processing Options:

-x, --extract-audio
    Convert video files to audio-only files (requires ffmpeg and ffprobe)

--audio-format FORMAT
    Specify audio format to convert the audio to when -x is used. Currently supported formats are: best (default) or one of best|aac|flac|mp3|m4a|opus|vorbis|wav|alac

--audio-quality QUALITY
    Specify ffmpeg audio quality, insert a value between 0 (best) and 10 (worst) for VBR or a specific bitrate like 128K (default 5)

--remux-video FORMAT
    Remux the video into another container if necessary (currently supported: mp4|mkv|flv |webm|mov|avi|mp3|mka|m4a|ogg|opus). If target container does not support the video/audio codec, remuxing will fail. You can specify multiple rules; Eg. "aac>m4a/mov>mp4/mkv" will remux aac to m4a, mov to mp4 and anything else to mkv.

--recode-video FORMAT
    Re-encode the video into another format if re-encoding is necessary. The syntax and supported formats are the same as --remux- video

--postprocessor-args NAME:ARGS
    Give these arguments to the postprocessors. Specify the postprocessor/executable name and the arguments separated by a colon ":" to give the argument to the specified postprocessor/executable. Supported PP are: Merger, ModifyChapters, SplitChapters, ExtractAudio, VideoRemuxer, VideoConvertor, Metadata, EmbedSubtitle, EmbedThumbnail, SubtitlesConvertor, ThumbnailsConvertor, FixupStretched, FixupM4a, FixupM3u8, FixupTimestamp and FixupDuration. The supported executables are: AtomicParsley, FFmpeg and FFprobe. You can also specify "PP+EXE:ARGS" to give the arguments to the specified executable only when being used by the specified postprocessor. Additionally, for ffmpeg/ffprobe, "_i"/"_o" can be appended to the prefix optionally followed by a number to pass the argument before the specified input/output file. Eg: --ppa "Merger+ffmpeg_i1:-v quiet". You can use this option multiple times to give different arguments to different postprocessors. (Alias: --ppa)

-k, --keep-video
    Keep the intermediate video file on disk after post-processing

--no-keep-video
    Delete the intermediate video file after post-processing (default)

--post-overwrites
    Overwrite post-processed files (default)

--no-post-overwrites
    Do not overwrite post-processed files

--embed-subs
    Embed subtitles in the video (only for mp4, webm and mkv videos)

--no-embed-subs
    Do not embed subtitles (default)

--embed-thumbnail
    Embed thumbnail in the video as cover art

--no-embed-thumbnail
    Do not embed thumbnail (default)

--embed-metadata
    Embed metadata to the video file. Also embeds chapters/infojson if present unless --no-embed-chapters/--no-embed-info-json are used (Alias: --add-metadata)

--no-embed-metadata
    Do not add metadata to file (default) (Alias: --no-add-metadata)

--embed-chapters
    Add chapter markers to the video file (Alias: --add-chapters)

--no-embed-chapters
    Do not add chapter markers (default) (Alias: --no-add-chapters)

--embed-info-json
    Embed the infojson as an attachment to mkv/mka video files

--no-embed-info-json
    Do not embed the infojson as an attachment to the video file

--parse-metadata FROM:TO
    Parse additional metadata like title/artist from other fields; see "MODIFYING METADATA" for details --replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE Replace text in a metadata field using the given regex. This option can be used multiple times

--xattrs
    Write metadata to the video file's xattrs (using dublin core and xdg standards)

--concat-playlist POLICY
    Concatenate videos in a playlist. One of "never", "always", or "multi_video" (default; only when the videos form a single show). All the video files must have same codecs and number of streams to be concatable. The "pl_video:" prefix can be used with "--paths" and "--output" to set the output filename for the split files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details

--fixup POLICY
    Automatically correct known faults of the file. One of never (do nothing), warn (only emit a warning), detect_or_warn (the default; fix file if we can, warn otherwise), force (try fixing even if file already exists)

--ffmpeg-location PATH
    Location of the ffmpeg binary; either the path to the binary or its containing directory

--exec [WHEN:]CMD
    Execute a command, optionally prefixed with when to execute it (after_move if unspecified), separated by a ":". Supported values of "WHEN" are the same as that of --use-postprocessor. Same syntax as the output template can be used to pass any field as arguments to the command. After download, an additional field "filepath" that contains the final path of the downloaded file is also available, and if no fields are passed, %(filepath)q is appended to the end of the command. This option can be used multiple times

--no-exec
    Remove any previously defined --exec

--convert-subs FORMAT
    Convert the subtitles to another format (currently supported: srt|vtt|ass|lrc) (Alias: --convert-subtitles)

--convert-thumbnails FORMAT
    Convert the thumbnails to another format (currently supported: jpg|png)

--split-chapters
    Split video into multiple files based on internal chapters. The "chapter:" prefix can be used with "--paths" and "--output" to set the output filename for the split files. See "OUTPUT TEMPLATE" for details

--no-split-chapters
    Do not split video based on chapters (default)

--remove-chapters REGEX
    Remove chapters whose title matches the given regular expression. Time ranges prefixed by a "" can also be used in place of chapters to remove the specified range. Eg: --remove-chapters "10:15-15:00" --remove-chapters "intro". This option can be used multiple times

--no-remove-chapters
    Do not remove any chapters from the file (default)

--force-keyframes-at-cuts
    Force keyframes around the chapters before removing/splitting them. Requires a re- encode and thus is very slow, but the resulting video may have fewer artifacts around the cuts

--no-force-keyframes-at-cuts
    Do not force keyframes around the chapters when cutting/splitting (default)

--use-postprocessor NAME[:ARGS]
    The (case sensitive) name of plugin postprocessors to be enabled, and (optionally) arguments to be passed to it, separated by a colon ":". ARGS are a semicolon ";" delimited list of NAME=VALUE. The "when" argument determines when the postprocessor is invoked. It can be one of "pre_process" (after extraction), "before_dl" (before video download), "post_process" (after video download; default), "after_move" (after moving file to their final locations), "after_video" (after downloading and processing all formats of a video), or "playlist" (end of playlist). This option can be used multiple times to add different postprocessors

  SponsorBlock Options:

Make chapter entries for, or remove various segments (sponsor, introductions, etc.) from downloaded YouTube videos using the SponsorBlock API (https://sponsor.ajay.app)

--sponsorblock-mark CATS
    SponsorBlock categories to create chapters for, separated by commas. Available categories are all, default(=all), sponsor, intro, outro, selfpromo, preview, filler, interaction, music_offtopic, poi_highlight. You can prefix the category with a "-" to exempt it. See [1] for description of the categories. Eg: --sponsorblock-mark all,-preview [1] https://wiki.sponsor.ajay. app/w/Segment_Categories

--sponsorblock-remove CATS
    SponsorBlock categories to be removed from the video file, separated by commas. If a category is present in both mark and remove, remove takes precedence. The syntax and available categories are the same as for --sponsorblock-mark except that "default" refers to "all,-filler" and poi_highlight is not available --sponsorblock-chapter-title TEMPLATE The title template for SponsorBlock chapters created by --sponsorblock-mark. The same syntax as the output template is used, but the only available fields are start_time, end_time, category, categories, name, category_names. Defaults to "[SponsorBlock]: %(category_names)l"

--no-sponsorblock
    Disable both --sponsorblock-mark and --sponsorblock-remove

--sponsorblock-api URL
    SponsorBlock API location, defaults to https://sponsor.ajay.app

  Extractor Options:

--extractor-retries RETRIES
    Number of retries for known extractor errors (default is 3), or "infinite"

--allow-dynamic-mpd
    Process dynamic DASH manifests (default) (Alias: --no-ignore-dynamic-mpd)

--ignore-dynamic-mpd
    Do not process dynamic DASH manifests (Alias: --no-allow-dynamic-mpd)

--hls-split-discontinuity
    Split HLS playlists to different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks

--no-hls-split-discontinuity
    Do not split HLS playlists to different formats at discontinuities such as ad breaks (default)

--extractor-args KEY:ARGS
    Pass these arguments to the extractor. See "EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS" for details. You can use this option multiple times to give arguments for different extractors

CONFIGURATION

You can configure yt-dlp by placing any supported command line option to a configuration file. The configuration is loaded from the following locations:

1.  Main Configuration: The file given by --config-location

2.  Portable Configuration: yt-dlp.conf in the same directory as the bundled binary. If you are running from source-code (<root dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py), the root directory is used instead.

3.  Home Configuration: yt-dlp.conf in the home path given by -P "home:<path>", or in the current directory if no such path is given

4.  User Configuration:

    •   %XDG_CONFIG_HOME%/yt-dlp/config (recommended on Linux/macOS)

    •   %XDG_CONFIG_HOME%/yt-dlp.conf

    •   %APPDATA%/yt-dlp/config (recommended on Windows)

    •   %APPDATA%/yt-dlp/config.txt

    •   ~/yt-dlp.conf

    •   ~/yt-dlp.conf.txt %XDG_CONFIG_HOME% defaults to ~/.config if undefined. On windows, %APPDATA% generally points to C:\Users\<user name>\AppData\Roaming and ~ points to %HOME% if present, %USERPROFILE% (generally C:\Users\<user name>), or %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

5.  System Configuration: /etc/yt-dlp.conf

For example, with the following configuration file yt-dlp will always extract the audio, not copy the mtime, use a proxy and save all videos under YouTube directory in your home directory:

    # Lines starting with # are comments
    # Always extract audio
    -x
    # Do not copy the mtime
    --no-mtime
    # Use this proxy
    --proxy 127.0.0.1:3128
    # Save all videos under YouTube directory in your home directory
    -o ~/YouTube/%(title)s.%(ext)s

Note that options in configuration file are just the same options aka switches used in regular command line calls; thus there must be no whitespace after - or --, e.g. -o or --proxy but not - o or -- proxy.

You can use --ignore-config if you want to disable all configuration files for a particular yt-dlp run. If --ignore-config is found inside any configuration file, no further configuration will be loaded. For example, having the option in the portable configuration file prevents loading of home, user, and system configurations. Additionally, (for backward compatibility) if --ignore-config is found inside the system configuration file, the user configuration is not loaded.

  Authentication with .netrc file

You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with --username and --password) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a .netrc file (https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per extractor basis. For that you will need to create a .netrc file in --netrc-location and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:

    touch $HOME/.netrc
    chmod a-rwx,u+rw $HOME/.netrc

After that you can add credentials for an extractor in the following format, where extractor is the name of the extractor in lowercase:

    machine <extractor> login <username> password <password>

For example:

    machine youtube login myaccount@gmail.com password my_youtube_password
    machine twitch login my_twitch_account_name password my_twitch_password

To activate authentication with the .netrc file you should pass --netrc to yt-dlp or place it in the configuration file.

The default location of the .netrc file is $HOME (~) in UNIX. On Windows, it is %HOME% if present, %USERPROFILE% (generally C:\Users\<user name>) or %HOMEDRIVE%%HOMEPATH%

OUTPUT TEMPLATE

The -o option is used to indicate a template for the output file names while -P option is used to specify the path each type of file should be saved to.

The simplest usage of -o is not to set any template arguments when downloading a single file, like in yt-dlp -o funny_video.flv "https://some/video" (hard-coding file extension like this is not recommended and could break some post-processing).

It may however also contain special sequences that will be replaced when downloading each video. The special sequences may be formatted according to Python string formatting operations (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting). For example, %(NAME)s or %(NAME)05d. To clarify, that is a percent symbol followed by a name in parentheses, followed by formatting operations.

The field names themselves (the part inside the parenthesis) can also have some special formatting: 1. Object traversal: The dictionaries and lists available in metadata can be traversed by using a . (dot) separator. You can also do python slicing using :. Eg: %(tags.0)s, %(subtitles.en.-1.ext)s, %(id.3:7:-1)s, %(formats.:.format_id)s. %()s refers to the entire infodict. Note that all the fields that become available using this method are not listed below. Use -j to see such fields

1.  Addition: Addition and subtraction of numeric fields can be done using + and - respectively. Eg: %(playlist_index+10)03d, %(n_entries+1-playlist_index)d

2.  Date/time Formatting: Date/time fields can be formatted according to strftime formatting (https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#strftime-and-strptime-format-codes) by specifying it separated from the field name using a >. Eg: %(duration>%H-%M-%S)s, %(upload_date>%Y-%m-%d)s, %(epoch-3600>%H-%M-%S)s

3.  Alternatives: Alternate fields can be specified separated with a ,. Eg: %(release_date>%Y,upload_date>%Y|Unknown)s

4.  Replacement: A replacement value can specified using a & separator. If the field is not empty, this replacement value will be used instead of the actual field content. This is done after alternate fields are considered; thus the replacement is used if any of the alternative fields is not empty.

5.  Default: A literal default value can be specified for when the field is empty using a | separator. This overrides --output-na-template. Eg: %(uploader|Unknown)s

6.  More Conversions: In addition to the normal format types diouxXeEfFgGcrs, B, j, l, q, D, S can be used for converting to Bytes, json (flag # for pretty-printing), a comma separated list (flag # for \n newline-separated), a string quoted for the terminal (flag # to split a list into different arguments), to add Decimal suffixes (Eg: 10M) (flag # to use 1024 as factor), and to Sanitize as filename (flag # for restricted), respectively

7.  Unicode normalization: The format type U can be used for NFC unicode normalization (https://docs.python.org/3/library/unicodedata.html#unicodedata.normalize). The alternate form flag (#) changes the normalization to NFD and the conversion flag + can be used for NFKC/NFKD compatibility equivalence normalization. Eg: %(title)+.100U is NFKC

To summarize, the general syntax for a field is:

    %(name[.keys][addition][>strf][,alternate][&replacement][|default])[flags][width][.precision][length]type

Additionally, you can set different output templates for the various metadata files separately from the general output template by specifying the type of file followed by the template separated by a colon :. The different file types supported are subtitle, thumbnail, description, annotation (deprecated), infojson, link, pl_thumbnail, pl_description, pl_infojson, chapter, pl_video. For example, -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "thumbnail:%(title)s\%(title)s.%(ext)s" will put the thumbnails in a folder with the same name as the video. If any of the templates (except default) is empty, that type of file will not be written. Eg: --write-thumbnail -o "thumbnail:" will write thumbnails only for playlists and not for video.

The available fields are:

•   id (string): Video identifier

•   title (string): Video title

•   url (string): Video URL

•   ext (string): Video filename extension

•   alt_title (string): A secondary title of the video

•   description (string): The description of the video

•   display_id (string): An alternative identifier for the video

•   uploader (string): Full name of the video uploader

•   license (string): License name the video is licensed under

•   creator (string): The creator of the video

•   timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video became available

•   upload_date (string): Video upload date (YYYYMMDD)

•   release_timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was released

•   release_date (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was released

•   modified_timestamp (numeric): UNIX timestamp of the moment the video was last modified

•   modified_date (string): The date (YYYYMMDD) when the video was last modified

•   uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the video uploader

•   channel (string): Full name of the channel the video is uploaded on

•   channel_id (string): Id of the channel

•   channel_follower_count (numeric): Number of followers of the channel

•   location (string): Physical location where the video was filmed

•   duration (numeric): Length of the video in seconds

•   duration_string (string): Length of the video (HH:mm:ss)

•   view_count (numeric): How many users have watched the video on the platform

•   like_count (numeric): Number of positive ratings of the video

•   dislike_count (numeric): Number of negative ratings of the video

•   repost_count (numeric): Number of reposts of the video

•   average_rating (numeric): Average rating give by users, the scale used depends on the webpage

•   comment_count (numeric): Number of comments on the video (For some extractors, comments are only downloaded at the end, and so this field cannot be used)

•   age_limit (numeric): Age restriction for the video (years)

•   live_status (string): One of "is_live", "was_live", "is_upcoming", "not_live"

•   is_live (boolean): Whether this video is a live stream or a fixed-length video

•   was_live (boolean): Whether this video was originally a live stream

•   playable_in_embed (string): Whether this video is allowed to play in embedded players on other sites

•   availability (string): Whether the video is "private", "premium_only", "subscriber_only", "needs_auth", "unlisted" or "public"

•   start_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should start, as specified in the URL

•   end_time (numeric): Time in seconds where the reproduction should end, as specified in the URL

•   format (string): A human-readable description of the format

•   format_id (string): Format code specified by --format

•   format_note (string): Additional info about the format

•   width (numeric): Width of the video

•   height (numeric): Height of the video

•   resolution (string): Textual description of width and height

•   tbr (numeric): Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s

•   abr (numeric): Average audio bitrate in KBit/s

•   acodec (string): Name of the audio codec in use

•   asr (numeric): Audio sampling rate in Hertz

•   vbr (numeric): Average video bitrate in KBit/s

•   fps (numeric): Frame rate

•   dynamic_range (string): The dynamic range of the video

•   vcodec (string): Name of the video codec in use

•   container (string): Name of the container format

•   filesize (numeric): The number of bytes, if known in advance

•   filesize_approx (numeric): An estimate for the number of bytes

•   protocol (string): The protocol that will be used for the actual download

•   extractor (string): Name of the extractor

•   extractor_key (string): Key name of the extractor

•   epoch (numeric): Unix epoch when creating the file

•   autonumber (numeric): Number that will be increased with each download, starting at --autonumber-start

•   video_autonumber (numeric): Number that will be increased with each video

•   n_entries (numeric): Total number of extracted items in the playlist

•   playlist (string): Name or id of the playlist that contains the video

•   playlist_count (numeric): Total number of items in the playlist. May not be known if entire playlist is not extracted

•   playlist_index (numeric): Index of the video in the playlist padded with leading zeros according the final index

•   playlist_autonumber (numeric): Position of the video in the playlist download queue padded with leading zeros according to the total length of the playlist

•   playlist_id (string): Playlist identifier

•   playlist_title (string): Playlist title

•   playlist_uploader (string): Full name of the playlist uploader

•   playlist_uploader_id (string): Nickname or id of the playlist uploader

•   webpage_url (string): A URL to the video webpage which if given to yt-dlp should allow to get the same result again

•   webpage_url_basename (string): The basename of the webpage URL

•   webpage_url_domain (string): The domain of the webpage URL

•   original_url (string): The URL given by the user (or same as webpage_url for playlist entries)

Available for the video that belongs to some logical chapter or section:

•   chapter (string): Name or title of the chapter the video belongs to

•   chapter_number (numeric): Number of the chapter the video belongs to

•   chapter_id (string): Id of the chapter the video belongs to

Available for the video that is an episode of some series or programme:

•   series (string): Title of the series or programme the video episode belongs to

•   season (string): Title of the season the video episode belongs to

•   season_number (numeric): Number of the season the video episode belongs to

•   season_id (string): Id of the season the video episode belongs to

•   episode (string): Title of the video episode

•   episode_number (numeric): Number of the video episode within a season

•   episode_id (string): Id of the video episode

Available for the media that is a track or a part of a music album:

•   track (string): Title of the track

•   track_number (numeric): Number of the track within an album or a disc

•   track_id (string): Id of the track

•   artist (string): Artist(s) of the track

•   genre (string): Genre(s) of the track

•   album (string): Title of the album the track belongs to

•   album_type (string): Type of the album

•   album_artist (string): List of all artists appeared on the album

•   disc_number (numeric): Number of the disc or other physical medium the track belongs to

•   release_year (numeric): Year (YYYY) when the album was released

Available for chapter: prefix when using --split-chapters for videos with internal chapters:

•   section_title (string): Title of the chapter

•   section_number (numeric): Number of the chapter within the file

•   section_start (numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds

•   section_end (numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds

Available only when used in --print:

•   urls (string): The URLs of all requested formats, one in each line

•   filename (string): Name of the video file. Note that the actual filename may be different due to post-processing. Use --exec echo to get the name after all postprocessing is complete

•   formats_table (table): The video format table as printed by --list-formats

•   thumbnails_table (table): The thumbnail format table as printed by --list-thumbnails

•   subtitles_table (table): The subtitle format table as printed by --list-subs

•   automatic_captions_table (table): The automatic subtitle format table as printed by --list-subs

Available only in --sponsorblock-chapter-title:

•   start_time (numeric): Start time of the chapter in seconds

•   end_time (numeric): End time of the chapter in seconds

•   categories (list): The SponsorBlock categories the chapter belongs to

•   category (string): The smallest SponsorBlock category the chapter belongs to

•   category_names (list): Friendly names of the categories

•   name (string): Friendly name of the smallest category

Each aforementioned sequence when referenced in an output template will be replaced by the actual value corresponding to the sequence name. For example for -o %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s and an mp4 video with title yt-dlp test video and id BaW_jenozKc, this will result in a yt-dlp test video-BaW_jenozKc.mp4 file created in the current directory.

Note that some of the sequences are not guaranteed to be present since they depend on the metadata obtained by a particular extractor. Such sequences will be replaced with placeholder value provided with --output-na-placeholder (NA by default).

Tip: Look at the -j output to identify which fields are available for the particular URL

For numeric sequences you can use numeric related formatting (https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#printf-style-string-formatting), for example, %(view_count)05d will result in a string with view count padded with zeros up to 5 characters, like in 00042.

Output templates can also contain arbitrary hierarchical path, e.g. -o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" which will result in downloading each video in a directory corresponding to this path template. Any missing directory will be automatically created for you.

To use percent literals in an output template use %%. To output to stdout use -o -.

The current default template is %(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s.

In some cases, you don't want special characters such as 中, spaces, or &, such as when transferring the downloaded filename to a Windows system or the filename through an 8bit-unsafe channel. In these cases, add the --restrict-filenames flag to get a shorter title.

  Output template examples

    $ yt-dlp --get-filename -o "test video.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
    test video.webm    # Literal name with correct extension
    $ yt-dlp --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc
    youtube-dl test video ''_ä↭𝕐.webm    # All kinds of weird characters
    $ yt-dlp --get-filename -o "%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --restrict-filenames
    youtube-dl_test_video_.webm    # Restricted file name
    # Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directory indexed by video order in a playlist
    $ yt-dlp -o "%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
    # Download YouTube playlist videos in separate directories according to their uploaded year
    $ yt-dlp -o "%(upload_date>%Y)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLwiyx1dc3P2JR9N8gQaQN_BCvlSlap7re"
    # Prefix playlist index with " - " separator, but only if it is available
    $ yt-dlp -o '%(playlist_index|)s%(playlist_index& - |)s%(title)s.%(ext)s' BaW_jenozKc "https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists"
    # Download all playlists of YouTube channel/user keeping each playlist in separate directory:
    $ yt-dlp -o "%(uploader)s/%(playlist)s/%(playlist_index)s - %(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.youtube.com/user/TheLinuxFoundation/playlists"
    # Download Udemy course keeping each chapter in separate directory under MyVideos directory in your home
    $ yt-dlp -u user -p password -P "~/MyVideos" -o "%(playlist)s/%(chapter_number)s - %(chapter)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" "https://www.udemy.com/java-tutorial"
    # Download entire series season keeping each series and each season in separate directory under C:/MyVideos
    $ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(series)s/%(season_number)s - %(season)s/%(episode_number)s - %(episode)s.%(ext)s" "https://videomore.ru/kino_v_detalayah/5_sezon/367617"
    # Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext", subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\subs\uploader\title.ext"
    # and put all temporary files in "C:\MyVideos\tmp"
    $ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -P "temp:tmp" -P "subtitle:subs" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenoz --write-subs
    # Download video as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\title.ext" and subtitles as "C:\MyVideos\uploader\subs\title.ext"
    $ yt-dlp -P "C:/MyVideos" -o "%(uploader)s/%(title)s.%(ext)s" -o "subtitle:%(uploader)s/subs/%(title)s.%(ext)s" BaW_jenozKc --write-subs
    # Stream the video being downloaded to stdout
    $ yt-dlp -o - BaW_jenozKc

FORMAT SELECTION

By default, yt-dlp tries to download the best available quality if you don't pass any options. This is generally equivalent to using -f bestvideo*+bestaudio/best. However, if multiple audiostreams is enabled (--audio-multistreams), the default format changes to -f bestvideo+bestaudio/best. Similarly, if ffmpeg is unavailable, or if you use yt-dlp to stream to stdout (-o -), the default becomes -f best/bestvideo+bestaudio.

Deprecation warning: Latest versions of yt-dlp can stream multiple formats to the stdout simultaneously using ffmpeg. So, in future versions, the default for this will be set to -f bv*+ba/b similar to normal downloads. If you want to preserve the -f b/bv+ba setting, it is recommended to explicitly specify it in the configuration options.

The general syntax for format selection is -f FORMAT (or --format FORMAT) where FORMAT is a selector expression, i.e. an expression that describes format or formats you would like to download.

The simplest case is requesting a specific format, for example with -f 22 you can download the format with format code equal to 22. You can get the list of available format codes for particular video using --list-formats or -F. Note that these format codes are extractor specific.

You can also use a file extension (currently 3gp, aac, flv, m4a, mp3, mp4, ogg, wav, webm are supported) to download the best quality format of a particular file extension served as a single file, e.g. -f webm will download the best quality format with the webm extension served as a single file.

You can use -f - to interactively provide the format selector for each video

You can also use special names to select particular edge case formats:

•   all: Select all formats separately

•   mergeall: Select and merge all formats (Must be used with --audio-multistreams, --video-multistreams or both)

•   b*, best*: Select the best quality format that contains either a video or an audio

•   b, best: Select the best quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to best*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]

•   bv, bestvideo: Select the best quality video-only format. Equivalent to best*[acodec=none]

•   bv*, bestvideo*: Select the best quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to best*[vcodec!=none]

•   ba, bestaudio: Select the best quality audio-only format. Equivalent to best*[vcodec=none]

•   ba*, bestaudio*: Select the best quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to best*[acodec!=none]

•   w*, worst*: Select the worst quality format that contains either a video or an audio

•   w, worst: Select the worst quality format that contains both video and audio. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec!=none][acodec!=none]

•   wv, worstvideo: Select the worst quality video-only format. Equivalent to worst*[acodec=none]

•   wv*, worstvideo*: Select the worst quality format that contains video. It may also contain audio. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec!=none]

•   wa, worstaudio: Select the worst quality audio-only format. Equivalent to worst*[vcodec=none]

•   wa*, worstaudio*: Select the worst quality format that contains audio. It may also contain video. Equivalent to worst*[acodec!=none]

For example, to download the worst quality video-only format you can use -f worstvideo. It is however recommended not to use worst and related options. When your format selector is worst, the format which is worst in all respects is selected. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use -f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps instead of -f worst. See sorting formats for more details.

You can select the n'th best format of a type by using best<type>.<n>. For example, best.2 will select the 2nd best combined format. Similarly, bv*.3 will select the 3rd best format that contains a video stream.

If you want to download multiple videos and they don't have the same formats available, you can specify the order of preference using slashes. Note that formats on the left hand side are preferred, for example -f 22/17/18 will download format 22 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 17 if it's available, otherwise it will download format 18 if it's available, otherwise it will complain that no suitable formats are available for download.

If you want to download several formats of the same video use a comma as a separator, e.g. -f 22,17,18 will download all these three formats, of course if they are available. Or a more sophisticated example combined with the precedence feature: -f 136/137/mp4/bestvideo,140/m4a/bestaudio.

You can merge the video and audio of multiple formats into a single file using -f <format1>+<format2>+... (requires ffmpeg installed), for example -f bestvideo+bestaudio will download the best video-only format, the best audio-only format and mux them together with ffmpeg.

Deprecation warning: Since the below described behavior is complex and counter-intuitive, this will be removed and multistreams will be enabled by default in the future. A new operator will be instead added to limit formats to single audio/video

Unless --video-multistreams is used, all formats with a video stream except the first one are ignored. Similarly, unless --audio-multistreams is used, all formats with an audio stream except the first one are ignored. For example, -f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --video-multistreams --audio-multistreams will download and merge all 3 given formats. The resulting file will have 2 video streams and 2 audio streams. But -f bestvideo+best+bestaudio --no-video-multistreams will download and merge only bestvideo and bestaudio. best is ignored since another format containing a video stream (bestvideo) has already been selected. The order of the formats is therefore important. -f best+bestaudio --no-audio-multistreams will download and merge both formats while -f bestaudio+best --no-audio-multistreams will ignore best and download only bestaudio.

  Filtering Formats

You can also filter the video formats by putting a condition in brackets, as in -f "best[height=720]" (or -f "[filesize>10M]").

The following numeric meta fields can be used with comparisons <, <=, >, >=, = (equals), != (not equals):

•   filesize: The number of bytes, if known in advance

•   width: Width of the video, if known

•   height: Height of the video, if known

•   tbr: Average bitrate of audio and video in KBit/s

•   abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s

•   vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s

•   asr: Audio sampling rate in Hertz

•   fps: Frame rate

Also filtering work for comparisons = (equals), ^= (starts with), $= (ends with), *= (contains) and following string meta fields:

•   ext: File extension

•   acodec: Name of the audio codec in use

•   vcodec: Name of the video codec in use

•   container: Name of the container format

•   protocol: The protocol that will be used for the actual download, lower-case (http, https, rtsp, rtmp, rtmpe, mms, f4m, ism, http_dash_segments, m3u8, or m3u8_native)

•   format_id: A short description of the format

•   language: Language code

Any string comparison may be prefixed with negation ! in order to produce an opposite comparison, e.g. !*= (does not contain).

Note that none of the aforementioned meta fields are guaranteed to be present since this solely depends on the metadata obtained by particular extractor, i.e. the metadata offered by the website. Any other field made available by the extractor can also be used for filtering.

Formats for which the value is not known are excluded unless you put a question mark (?) after the operator. You can combine format filters, so -f "[height<=?720][tbr>500]" selects up to 720p videos (or videos where the height is not known) with a bitrate of at least 500 KBit/s. You can also use the filters with all to download all formats that satisfy the filter. For example, -f "all[vcodec=none]" selects all audio-only formats.

Format selectors can also be grouped using parentheses, for example if you want to download the best pre-merged mp4 and webm formats with a height lower than 480 you can use -f "(mp4,webm)[height<480]".

  Sorting Formats

You can change the criteria for being considered the best by using -S (--format-sort). The general format for this is --format-sort field1,field2....

The available fields are:

•   hasvid: Gives priority to formats that has a video stream

•   hasaud: Gives priority to formats that has a audio stream

•   ie_pref: The format preference

•   lang: The language preference

•   quality: The quality of the format

•   source: The preference of the source

•   proto: Protocol used for download (https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native/m3u8 > http_dash_segments> websocket_frag > mms/rtsp > f4f/f4m)

•   vcodec: Video Codec (av01 > vp9.2 > vp9 > h265 > h264 > vp8 > h263 > theora > other)

•   acodec: Audio Codec (flac/alac > wav/aiff > opus > vorbis > aac > mp4a > mp3 > eac3 > ac3 > dts > other)

•   codec: Equivalent to vcodec,acodec

•   vext: Video Extension (mp4 > webm > flv > other). If --prefer-free-formats is used, webm is preferred.

•   aext: Audio Extension (m4a > aac > mp3 > ogg > opus > webm > other). If --prefer-free-formats is used, the order changes to opus > ogg > webm > m4a > mp3 > aac.

•   ext: Equivalent to vext,aext

•   filesize: Exact filesize, if known in advance

•   fs_approx: Approximate filesize calculated from the manifests

•   size: Exact filesize if available, otherwise approximate filesize

•   height: Height of video

•   width: Width of video

•   res: Video resolution, calculated as the smallest dimension.

•   fps: Framerate of video

•   hdr: The dynamic range of the video (DV > HDR12 > HDR10+ > HDR10 > HLG > SDR)

•   tbr: Total average bitrate in KBit/s

•   vbr: Average video bitrate in KBit/s

•   abr: Average audio bitrate in KBit/s

•   br: Equivalent to using tbr,vbr,abr

•   asr: Audio sample rate in Hz

Deprecation warning: Many of these fields have (currently undocumented) aliases, that may be removed in a future version. It is recommended to use only the documented field names.

All fields, unless specified otherwise, are sorted in descending order. To reverse this, prefix the field with a +. Eg: +res prefers format with the smallest resolution. Additionally, you can suffix a preferred value for the fields, separated by a :. Eg: res:720 prefers larger videos, but no larger than 720p and the smallest video if there are no videos less than 720p. For codec and ext, you can provide two preferred values, the first for video and the second for audio. Eg: +codec:avc:m4a (equivalent to +vcodec:avc,+acodec:m4a) sets the video codec preference to h264 > h265 > vp9 > vp9.2 > av01 > vp8 > h263 > theora and audio codec preference to mp4a > aac > vorbis > opus > mp3 > ac3 > dts. You can also make the sorting prefer the nearest values to the provided by using ~ as the delimiter. Eg: filesize~1G prefers the format with filesize closest to 1 GiB.

The fields hasvid and ie_pref are always given highest priority in sorting, irrespective of the user-defined order. This behaviour can be changed by using --format-sort-force. Apart from these, the default order used is: lang,quality,res,fps,hdr:12,codec:vp9.2,size,br,asr,proto,ext,hasaud,source,id. The extractors may override this default order, but they cannot override the user-provided order.

Note that the default has codec:vp9.2; i.e. av1 is not preferred. Similarly, the default for hdr is hdr:12; i.e. dolby vision is not preferred. These choices are made since DV and AV1 formats are not yet fully compatible with most devices. This may be changed in the future as more devices become capable of smoothly playing back these formats.

If your format selector is worst, the last item is selected after sorting. This means it will select the format that is worst in all respects. Most of the time, what you actually want is the video with the smallest filesize instead. So it is generally better to use -f best -S +size,+br,+res,+fps.

Tip: You can use the -v -F to see how the formats have been sorted (worst to best).

  Format Selection examples

    # Download and merge the best video-only format and the best audio-only format,
    # or download the best combined format if video-only format is not available
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv+ba/b"
    # Download best format that contains video,
    # and if it doesn't already have an audio stream, merge it with best audio-only format
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv*+ba/b"
    # Same as above
    $ yt-dlp
    # Download the best video-only format and the best audio-only format without merging them
    # For this case, an output template should be used since
    # by default, bestvideo and bestaudio will have the same file name.
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv,ba" -o "%(title)s.f%(format_id)s.%(ext)s"
    # Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
    # and all audio-only formats into one file
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv*+mergeall[vcodec=none]" --audio-multistreams
    # Download and merge the best format that has a video stream,
    # and the best 2 audio-only formats into one file
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv*+ba+ba.2" --audio-multistreams
    # The following examples show the old method (without -S) of format selection
    # and how to use -S to achieve a similar but (generally) better result
    # Download the worst video available (old method)
    $ yt-dlp -f "wv*+wa/w"
    # Download the best video available but with the smallest resolution
    $ yt-dlp -S "+res"
    # Download the smallest video available
    $ yt-dlp -S "+size,+br"
    # Download the best mp4 video available, or the best video if no mp4 available
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv*[ext=mp4]+ba[ext=m4a]/b[ext=mp4] / bv*+ba/b"
    # Download the best video with the best extension
    # (For video, mp4 > webm > flv. For audio, m4a > aac > mp3 ...)
    $ yt-dlp -S "ext"
    # Download the best video available but no better than 480p,
    # or the worst video if there is no video under 480p
    $ yt-dlp -f "bv*[height<=480]+ba/b[height<=480] / wv*+ba/w"
    # Download the best video available with the largest height but no better than 480p,
    # or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
    $ yt-dlp -S "height:480"
    # Download the best video available with the largest resolution but no better than 480p,
    # or the best video with the smallest resolution if there is no video under 480p
    # Resolution is determined by using the smallest dimension.
    # So this works correctly for vertical videos as well
    $ yt-dlp -S "res:480"
    # Download the best video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
    # or the worst video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
    $ yt-dlp -f "b[filesize<50M] / w"
    # Download largest video (that also has audio) but no bigger than 50 MB,
    # or the smallest video (that also has audio) if there is no video under 50 MB
    $ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize:50M"
    # Download best video (that also has audio) that is closest in size to 50 MB
    $ yt-dlp -f "b" -S "filesize~50M"
    # Download best video available via direct link over HTTP/HTTPS protocol,
    # or the best video available via any protocol if there is no such video
    $ yt-dlp -f "(bv*+ba/b)[protocol^=http][protocol!*=dash] / (bv*+ba/b)"
    # Download best video available via the best protocol
    # (https/ftps > http/ftp > m3u8_native > m3u8 > http_dash_segments ...)
    $ yt-dlp -S "proto"
    # Download the best video with h264 codec, or the best video if there is no such video
    $ yt-dlp -f "(bv*+ba/b)[vcodec^=avc1] / (bv*+ba/b)"
    # Download the best video with best codec no better than h264,
    # or the best video with worst codec if there is no such video
    $ yt-dlp -S "codec:h264"
    # Download the best video with worst codec no worse than h264,
    # or the best video with best codec if there is no such video
    $ yt-dlp -S "+codec:h264"
    # More complex examples
    # Download the best video no better than 720p preferring framerate greater than 30,
    # or the worst video (still preferring framerate greater than 30) if there is no such video
    $ yt-dlp -f "((bv*[fps>30]/bv*)[height<=720]/(wv*[fps>30]/wv*)) + ba / (b[fps>30]/b)[height<=720]/(w[fps>30]/w)"
    # Download the video with the largest resolution no better than 720p,
    # or the video with the smallest resolution available if there is no such video,
    # preferring larger framerate for formats with the same resolution
    $ yt-dlp -S "res:720,fps"
    # Download the video with smallest resolution no worse than 480p,
    # or the video with the largest resolution available if there is no such video,
    # preferring better codec and then larger total bitrate for the same resolution
    $ yt-dlp -S "+res:480,codec,br"

MODIFYING METADATA

The metadata obtained by the extractors can be modified by using --parse-metadata and --replace-in-metadata

--replace-in-metadata FIELDS REGEX REPLACE is used to replace text in any metadata field using python regular expression (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax). Backreferences (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html?highlight=backreferences#re.sub) can be used in the replace string for advanced use.

The general syntax of --parse-metadata FROM:TO is to give the name of a field or an output template to extract data from, and the format to interpret it as, separated by a colon :. Either a python regular expression (https://docs.python.org/3/library/re.html#regular-expression-syntax) with named capture groups or a similar syntax to the output template (only %(field)s formatting is supported) can be used for TO. The option can be used multiple times to parse and modify various fields.

Note that any field created by this can be used in the output template and will also affect the media file's metadata added when using --add-metadata.

This option also has a few special uses: * You can download an additional URL based on the metadata of the currently downloaded video. To do this, set the field additional_urls to the URL that you want to download. Eg: --parse-metadata "description:(?P<additional_urls>https?://www\.vimeo\.com/\d+) will download the first vimeo video found in the description * You can use this to change the metadata that is embedded in the media file. To do this, set the value of the corresponding field with a meta_ prefix. For example, any value you set to meta_description field will be added to the description field in the file. For example, you can use this to set a different "description" and "synopsis". To modify the metadata of individual streams, use the meta<n>_ prefix (Eg: meta1_language). Any value set to the meta_ field will overwrite all default values.

For reference, these are the fields yt-dlp adds by default to the file metadata:

Metadata fields | From
title | track or title
date | upload_date
description, synopsis | description
purl, comment | webpage_url
track | track_number
artist | artist, creator, uploader or uploader_id
genre | genre
album | album
album_artist | album_artist
disc | disc_number
show | series
season_number | season_number
episode_id | episode or episode_id
episode_sort | episode_number
language of each stream | From the format's language

Note: The file format may not support some of these fields

  Modifying metadata examples

    # Interpret the title as "Artist - Title"
    $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "title:%(artist)s - %(title)s"
    # Regex example
    $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:Artist - (?P<artist>.+)"
    # Set title as "Series name S01E05"
    $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "%(series)s S%(season_number)02dE%(episode_number)02d:%(title)s"
    # Set "comment" field in video metadata using description instead of webpage_url
    $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata "description:(?s)(?P<meta_comment>.+)" --add-metadata
    # Remove "formats" field from the infojson by setting it to an empty string
    $ yt-dlp --parse-metadata ":(?P<formats>)" -j
    # Replace all spaces and "_" in title and uploader with a `-`
    $ yt-dlp --replace-in-metadata "title,uploader" "[ _]" "-"

EXTRACTOR ARGUMENTS

Some extractors accept additional arguments which can be passed using --extractor-args KEY:ARGS. ARGS is a ; (semicolon) separated string of ARG=VAL1,VAL2. Eg: --extractor-args "youtube:player-client=android_agegate,web;include_live_dash" --extractor-args "funimation:version=uncut"

The following extractors use this feature:

  youtube

•   skip: hls or dash (or both) to skip download of the respective manifests

•   player_client: Clients to extract video data from. The main clients are web, android, ios, mweb. These also have _music, _embedded, _agegate, and _creator variants (Eg: web_embedded) (mweb has only _agegate). By default, android,web is used, but the agegate and creator variants are added as required for age-gated videos. Similarly the music variants are added for music.youtube.com urls. You can also use all to use all the clients, and default for the default clients.

•   player_skip: Skip some network requests that are generally needed for robust extraction. One or more of configs (skip client configs), webpage (skip initial webpage), js (skip js player). While these options can help reduce the number of requests needed or avoid some rate-limiting, they could cause some issues. See #860 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/860) for more details

•   include_live_dash: Include live dash formats even without --live-from-start (These formats don't download properly)

•   comment_sort: top or new (default) - choose comment sorting mode (on YouTube's side)

•   max_comments: Limit the amount of comments to gather. Comma-separated list of integers representing max-comments,max-parents,max-replies,max-replies-per-thread. Default is all,all,all,all.

    •   E.g. all,all,1000,10 will get a maximum of 1000 replies total, with up to 10 replies per thread. 1000,all,100 will get a maximum of 1000 comments, with a maximum of 100 replies total.

•   max_comment_depth Maximum depth for nested comments. YouTube supports depths 1 or 2 (default)

    •   Deprecated: Set max-replies to 0 or all in max_comments instead (e.g. max_comments=all,all,0 to get no replies)

  youtubetab (YouTube playlists, channels, feeds, etc.)

•   skip: One or more of webpage (skip initial webpage download), authcheck (allow the download of playlists requiring authentication when no initial webpage is downloaded. This may cause unwanted behavior, see #1122 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/1122) for more details)

  funimation

•   language: Languages to extract. Eg: funimation:language=english,japanese

•   version: The video version to extract - uncut or simulcast

  crunchyroll

•   language: Languages to extract. Eg: crunchyroll:language=jaJp

•   hardsub: Which hard-sub versions to extract. Eg: crunchyroll:hardsub=None,enUS

  vikichannel

•   video_types: Types of videos to download - one or more of episodes, movies, clips, trailers

  youtubewebarchive

•   check_all: Try to check more at the cost of more requests. One or more of thumbnails, captures

  gamejolt

•   comment_sort: hot (default), you (cookies needed), top, new - choose comment sorting mode (on GameJolt's side)

  hotstar

•   res: resolution to ignore - one or more of sd, hd, fhd

•   vcodec: vcodec to ignore - one or more of h264, h265, dvh265

•   dr: dynamic range to ignore - one or more of sdr, hdr10, dv

NOTE: These options may be changed/removed in the future without concern for backward compatibility

INSTALLATION

You can install yt-dlp using one of the following methods:

  Using the release binary

You can simply download the correct binary file for your OS

Note: The manpages, shell completion files etc. are available in the source tarball (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp.tar.gz)

In UNIX-like OSes (MacOS, Linux, BSD), you can also install the same in one of the following ways:

    sudo curl -L https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp -o /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
    sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp

    sudo wget https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp -O /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp
    sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp

    sudo aria2c https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/releases/latest/download/yt-dlp --dir /usr/local/bin -o yt-dlp
    sudo chmod a+rx /usr/local/bin/yt-dlp

  With PIP (https://pypi.org/project/pip)

You can install the PyPI package (https://pypi.org/project/yt-dlp) with:

    python3 -m pip install -U yt-dlp

You can install without any of the optional dependencies using:

    python3 -m pip install --no-deps -U yt-dlp

If you want to be on the cutting edge, you can also install the master branch with:

    python3 -m pip install --force-reinstall https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/archive/master.zip

Note that on some systems, you may need to use py or python instead of python3

  With Homebrew (https://brew.sh)

macOS or Linux users that are using Homebrew can also install it by:

    brew install yt-dlp/taps/yt-dlp

  UPDATE

You can use yt-dlp -U to update if you are using the provided release

If you installed with pip, simply re-run the same command that was used to install the program

If you installed using Homebrew, run brew upgrade yt-dlp/taps/yt-dlp

  DEPENDENCIES

Python versions 3.6+ (CPython and PyPy) are supported. Other versions and implementations may or may not work correctly.

While all the other dependencies are optional, ffmpeg and ffprobe are highly recommended

•   ffmpeg and ffprobe (https://www.ffmpeg.org) - Required for merging separate video and audio files as well as for various post-processing tasks. License depends on the build (https://www.ffmpeg.org/legal.html)

•   mutagen (https://github.com/quodlibet/mutagen) - For embedding thumbnail in certain formats. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/quodlibet/mutagen/blob/master/COPYING)

•   pycryptodomex (https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome) - For decrypting AES-128 HLS streams and various other data. Licensed under BSD2 (https://github.com/Legrandin/pycryptodome/blob/master/LICENSE.rst)

•   websockets (https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets) - For downloading over websocket. Licensed under BSD3 (https://github.com/aaugustin/websockets/blob/main/LICENSE)

•   secretstorage (https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage) - For accessing the Gnome keyring while decrypting cookies of Chromium-based browsers on Linux. Licensed under BSD (https://github.com/mitya57/secretstorage/blob/master/LICENSE)

•   AtomicParsley (https://github.com/wez/atomicparsley) - For embedding thumbnail in mp4/m4a if mutagen is not present. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/wez/atomicparsley/blob/master/COPYING)

•   rtmpdump (http://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu) - For downloading rtmp streams. ffmpeg will be used as a fallback. Licensed under GPLv2+ (http://rtmpdump.mplayerhq.hu)

•   mplayer (http://mplayerhq.hu/design7/info.html) or mpv (https://mpv.io) - For downloading rstp streams. ffmpeg will be used as a fallback. Licensed under GPLv2+ (https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/blob/master/Copyright)

•   phantomjs (https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs) - Used in extractors where javascript needs to be run. Licensed under BSD3 (https://github.com/ariya/phantomjs/blob/master/LICENSE.BSD)

•   sponskrub (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub) - For using the now deprecated sponskrub options. Licensed under GPLv3+ (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub/blob/master/LICENCE.md)

•   Any external downloader that you want to use with --downloader

To use or redistribute the dependencies, you must agree to their respective licensing terms.

The Windows and MacOS standalone release binaries are already built with the python interpreter, mutagen, pycryptodomex and websockets included.

Note: There are some regressions in newer ffmpeg versions that causes various issues when used alongside yt-dlp. Since ffmpeg is such an important dependency, we provide custom builds (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#ffmpeg-static-auto-builds) with patches for these issues at yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds). See the readme (https://github.com/yt-dlp/FFmpeg-Builds#patches-applied) for details on the specific issues solved by these builds

  COMPILE

For Windows: To build the Windows executable, you must have pyinstaller (and optionally mutagen, pycryptodomex, websockets). Once you have all the necessary dependencies installed, (optionally) build lazy extractors using devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py, and then just run pyinst.py. The executable will be built for the same architecture (32/64 bit) as the python used to build it.

    py -m pip install -U pyinstaller -r requirements.txt
    py devscripts/make_lazy_extractors.py
    py pyinst.py

Note that pyinstaller does not support (https://github.com/pyinstaller/pyinstaller#requirements-and-tested-platforms) Python installed from the Windows store without using a virtual environment

For Unix: You will need the required build tools: python, make (GNU), pandoc, zip, pytest
Then simply run make. You can also run make yt-dlp instead to compile only the binary without updating any of the additional files

Note: In either platform, devscripts/update-version.py can be used to automatically update the version number

You can also fork the project on github and run your fork's build workflow (.github/workflows/build.yml) to automatically build a release

PLUGINS

Plugins are loaded from <root-dir>/ytdlp_plugins/<type>/__init__.py; where <root-dir> is the directory of the binary (<root-dir>/yt-dlp), or the root directory of the module if you are running directly from source-code (<root dir>/yt_dlp/__main__.py). Plugins are currently not supported for the pip version

Plugins can be of <type>s extractor or postprocessor. Extractor plugins do not need to be enabled from the CLI and are automatically invoked when the input URL is suitable for it. Postprocessor plugins can be invoked using --use-postprocessor NAME.

See <ytdlp_plugins> for example plugins.

Note that all plugins are imported even if not invoked, and that there are no checks performed on plugin code. Use plugins at your own risk and only if you trust the code

If you are a plugin author, add ytdlp-plugins (https://github.com/topics/ytdlp-plugins) as a topic to your repository for discoverability

EMBEDDING YT-DLP

yt-dlp makes the best effort to be a good command-line program, and thus should be callable from any programming language.

Your program should avoid parsing the normal stdout since they may change in future versions. Instead they should use options such as -J, --print, --progress-template, --exec etc to create console output that you can reliably reproduce and parse.

From a Python program, you can embed yt-dlp in a more powerful fashion, like this:

    from yt_dlp import YoutubeDL
    ydl_opts = {'format': 'bestaudio'}
    with YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
        ydl.download(['https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc'])

Most likely, you'll want to use various options. For a list of options available, have a look at yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py (yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py#L191).

Here's a more complete example demonstrating various functionality:

    import json
    import yt_dlp
    class MyLogger:
        def debug(self, msg):
            # For compatibility with youtube-dl, both debug and info are passed into debug
            # You can distinguish them by the prefix '[debug] '
            if msg.startswith('[debug] '):
                pass
            else:
                self.info(msg)
        def info(self, msg):
            pass
        def warning(self, msg):
            pass
        def error(self, msg):
            print(msg)
    # ℹ️ See the docstring of yt_dlp.postprocessor.common.PostProcessor
    class MyCustomPP(yt_dlp.postprocessor.PostProcessor):
        # ℹ️ See docstring of yt_dlp.postprocessor.common.PostProcessor.run
        def run(self, info):
            self.to_screen('Doing stuff')
            return [], info
    # ℹ️ See "progress_hooks" in the docstring of yt_dlp.YoutubeDL
    def my_hook(d):
        if d['status'] == 'finished':
            print('Done downloading, now converting ...')
    def format_selector(ctx):
        """ Select the best video and the best audio that won't result in an mkv.
        This is just an example and does not handle all cases """
        # formats are already sorted worst to best
        formats = ctx.get('formats')[::-1]
        # acodec='none' means there is no audio
        best_video = next(f for f in formats
                          if f['vcodec'] != 'none' and f['acodec'] == 'none')
        # find compatible audio extension
        audio_ext = {'mp4': 'm4a', 'webm': 'webm'}[best_video['ext']]
        # vcodec='none' means there is no video
        best_audio = next(f for f in formats if (
            f['acodec'] != 'none' and f['vcodec'] == 'none' and f['ext'] == audio_ext))
        yield {
            # These are the minimum required fields for a merged format
            'format_id': f'{best_video["format_id"]}+{best_audio["format_id"]}',
            'ext': best_video['ext'],
            'requested_formats': [best_video, best_audio],
            # Must be + separated list of protocols
            'protocol': f'{best_video["protocol"]}+{best_audio["protocol"]}'
        }
    # ℹ️ See docstring of yt_dlp.YoutubeDL for a description of the options
    ydl_opts = {
        'format': format_selector,
        'postprocessors': [{
            # Embed metadata in video using ffmpeg.
            # ℹ️ See yt_dlp.postprocessor.FFmpegMetadataPP for the arguments it accepts
            'key': 'FFmpegMetadata',
            'add_chapters': True,
            'add_metadata': True,
        }],
        'logger': MyLogger(),
        'progress_hooks': [my_hook],
    }
    # Add custom headers
    yt_dlp.utils.std_headers.update({'Referer': 'https://www.google.com'})
    # ℹ️ See the public functions in yt_dlp.YoutubeDL for for other available functions.
    # Eg: "ydl.download", "ydl.download_with_info_file"
    with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(ydl_opts) as ydl:
        ydl.add_post_processor(MyCustomPP())
        info = ydl.extract_info('https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc')
        # ℹ️ ydl.sanitize_info makes the info json-serializable
        print(json.dumps(ydl.sanitize_info(info)))

Tip: If you are porting your code from youtube-dl to yt-dlp, one important point to look out for is that we do not guarantee the return value of YoutubeDL.extract_info to be json serializable, or even be a dictionary. It will be dictionary-like, but if you want to ensure it is a serializable dictionary, pass it through YoutubeDL.sanitize_info as shown in the example above

NEW FEATURES

•   Based on youtube-dl 2021.12.17 commit/5014bd6 (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/commit/5014bd67c22b421207b2650d4dc874b95b36dda1) and youtube-dlc 2020.11.11-3 commit/f9401f2 (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc/commit/f9401f2a91987068139c5f757b12fc711d4c0cee): You get all the features and patches of youtube-dlc (https://github.com/blackjack4494/yt-dlc) in addition to the latest youtube-dl (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl)

•   SponsorBlock Integration: You can mark/remove sponsor sections in youtube videos by utilizing the SponsorBlock (https://sponsor.ajay.app) API

•   Format Sorting: The default format sorting options have been changed so that higher resolution and better codecs will be now preferred instead of simply using larger bitrate. Furthermore, you can now specify the sort order using -S. This allows for much easier format selection than what is possible by simply using --format (examples)

•   Merged with animelover1984/youtube-dl: You get most of the features and improvements from animelover1984/youtube-dl (https://github.com/animelover1984/youtube-dl) including --write-comments, BiliBiliSearch, BilibiliChannel, Embedding thumbnail in mp4/ogg/opus, playlist infojson etc. Note that the NicoNico improvements are not available. See #31 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/pull/31) for details.

•   Youtube improvements:

    •   All Feeds (:ytfav, :ytwatchlater, :ytsubs, :ythistory, :ytrec) and private playlists supports downloading multiple pages of content

    •   Search (ytsearch:, ytsearchdate:), search URLs and in-channel search works

    •   Mixes supports downloading multiple pages of content

    •   Some (but not all) age-gated content can be downloaded without cookies

    •   Fix for n-sig based throttling (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl/issues/29326)

    •   Redirect channel's home URL automatically to /video to preserve the old behaviour

    •   255kbps audio is extracted (if available) from youtube music when premium cookies are given

    •   Youtube music Albums, channels etc can be downloaded (except self-uploaded music (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/723))

    •   Download livestreams from the start using --live-from-start (experimental)

•   Cookies from browser: Cookies can be automatically extracted from all major web browsers using --cookies-from-browser BROWSER[+KEYRING][:PROFILE]

•   Split video by chapters: Videos can be split into multiple files based on chapters using --split-chapters

•   Multi-threaded fragment downloads: Download multiple fragments of m3u8/mpd videos in parallel. Use --concurrent-fragments (-N) option to set the number of threads used

•   Aria2c with HLS/DASH: You can use aria2c as the external downloader for DASH(mpd) and HLS(m3u8) formats

•   New and fixed extractors: Many new extractors have been added and a lot of existing ones have been fixed. See the changelog (Changelog.md) or the list of supported sites (supportedsites.md)

•   New MSOs: Philo, Spectrum, SlingTV, Cablevision, RCN

•   Subtitle extraction from manifests: Subtitles can be extracted from streaming media manifests. See commit/be6202f (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commit/be6202f12b97858b9d716e608394b51065d0419f) for details

•   Multiple paths and output templates: You can give different output templates and download paths for different types of files. You can also set a temporary path where intermediary files are downloaded to using --paths (-P)

•   Portable Configuration: Configuration files are automatically loaded from the home and root directories. See configuration for details

•   Output template improvements: Output templates can now have date-time formatting, numeric offsets, object traversal etc. See output template for details. Even more advanced operations can also be done with the help of --parse-metadata and --replace-in-metadata

•   Other new options: Many new options have been added such as --concat-playlist, --print, --wait-for-video, --sleep-requests, --convert-thumbnails, --write-link, --force-download-archive, --force-overwrites, --break-on-reject etc

•   Improvements: Regex and other operators in --match-filter, multiple --postprocessor-args and --downloader-args, faster archive checking, more format selection options, merge multi-video/audio, multiple --config-locations, --exec at different stages, etc

•   Plugins: Extractors and PostProcessors can be loaded from an external file. See plugins for details

•   Self-updater: The releases can be updated using yt-dlp -U

See changelog (Changelog.md) or commits (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/commits) for the full list of changes

  Differences in default behavior

Some of yt-dlp's default options are different from that of youtube-dl and youtube-dlc:

•   The options --auto-number (-A), --title (-t) and --literal (-l), no longer work. See removed options for details

•   avconv is not supported as an alternative to ffmpeg

•   The default output template is %(title)s [%(id)s].%(ext)s. There is no real reason for this change. This was changed before yt-dlp was ever made public and now there are no plans to change it back to %(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s. Instead, you may use --compat-options filename

•   The default format sorting is different from youtube-dl and prefers higher resolution and better codecs rather than higher bitrates. You can use the --format-sort option to change this to any order you prefer, or use --compat-options format-sort to use youtube-dl's sorting order

•   The default format selector is bv*+ba/b. This means that if a combined video + audio format that is better than the best video-only format is found, the former will be preferred. Use -f bv+ba/b or --compat-options format-spec to revert this

•   Unlike youtube-dlc, yt-dlp does not allow merging multiple audio/video streams into one file by default (since this conflicts with the use of -f bv*+ba). If needed, this feature must be enabled using --audio-multistreams and --video-multistreams. You can also use --compat-options multistreams to enable both

•   --ignore-errors is enabled by default. Use --abort-on-error or --compat-options abort-on-error to abort on errors instead

•   When writing metadata files such as thumbnails, description or infojson, the same information (if available) is also written for playlists. Use --no-write-playlist-metafiles or --compat-options no-playlist-metafiles to not write these files

•   --add-metadata attaches the infojson to mkv files in addition to writing the metadata when used with --write-info-json. Use --no-embed-info-json or --compat-options no-attach-info-json to revert this

•   Some metadata are embedded into different fields when using --add-metadata as compared to youtube-dl. Most notably, comment field contains the webpage_url and synopsis contains the description. You can use --parse-metadata to modify this to your liking or use --compat-options embed-metadata to revert this

•   playlist_index behaves differently when used with options like --playlist-reverse and --playlist-items. See #302 (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/302) for details. You can use --compat-options playlist-index if you want to keep the earlier behavior

•   The output of -F is listed in a new format. Use --compat-options list-formats to revert this

•   All experiences of a funimation episode are considered as a single video. This behavior breaks existing archives. Use --compat-options seperate-video-versions to extract information from only the default player

•   Youtube live chat (if available) is considered as a subtitle. Use --sub-langs all,-live_chat to download all subtitles except live chat. You can also use --compat-options no-live-chat to prevent live chat from downloading

•   Youtube channel URLs are automatically redirected to /video. Append a /featured to the URL to download only the videos in the home page. If the channel does not have a videos tab, we try to download the equivalent UU playlist instead. For all other tabs, if the channel does not show the requested tab, an error will be raised. Also, /live URLs raise an error if there are no live videos instead of silently downloading the entire channel. You may use --compat-options no-youtube-channel-redirect to revert all these redirections

•   Unavailable videos are also listed for youtube playlists. Use --compat-options no-youtube-unavailable-videos to remove this

•   If ffmpeg is used as the downloader, the downloading and merging of formats happen in a single step when possible. Use --compat-options no-direct-merge to revert this

•   Thumbnail embedding in mp4 is done with mutagen if possible. Use --compat-options embed-thumbnail-atomicparsley to force the use of AtomicParsley instead

•   Some private fields such as filenames are removed by default from the infojson. Use --no-clean-infojson or --compat-options no-clean-infojson to revert this

•   When --embed-subs and --write-subs are used together, the subtitles are written to disk and also embedded in the media file. You can use just --embed-subs to embed the subs and automatically delete the separate file. See #630 (comment) (https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp/issues/630#issuecomment-893659460) for more info. --compat-options no-keep-subs can be used to revert this

For ease of use, a few more compat options are available: * --compat-options all: Use all compat options * --compat-options youtube-dl: Same as --compat-options all,-multistreams * --compat-options youtube-dlc: Same as --compat-options all,-no-live-chat,-no-youtube-channel-redirect

DEPRECATED OPTIONS

These are all the deprecated options and the current alternative to achieve the same effect

  Almost redundant options

While these options are almost the same as their new counterparts, there are some differences that prevents them being redundant

    -j, --dump-json                  --print "%()j"
    -F, --list-formats               --print formats_table
    --list-thumbnails                --print thumbnails_table --print playlist:thumbnails_table
    --list-subs                      --print automatic_captions_table --print subtitles_table

  Redundant options

While these options are redundant, they are still expected to be used due to their ease of use

    --get-description                --print description
    --get-duration                   --print duration_string
    --get-filename                   --print filename
    --get-format                     --print format
    --get-id                         --print id
    --get-thumbnail                  --print thumbnail
    -e, --get-title                  --print title
    -g, --get-url                    --print urls
    --match-title REGEX              --match-filter "title ~= (?i)REGEX"
    --reject-title REGEX             --match-filter "title !~= (?i)REGEX"
    --min-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count >=? COUNT"
    --max-views COUNT                --match-filter "view_count <=? COUNT"

  Not recommended

While these options still work, their use is not recommended since there are other alternatives to achieve the same

    --exec-before-download CMD       --exec "before_dl:CMD"
    --no-exec-before-download        --no-exec
    --all-formats                    -f all
    --all-subs                       --sub-langs all --write-subs
    --print-json                     -j --no-simulate
    --autonumber-size NUMBER         Use string formatting. Eg: %(autonumber)03d
    --autonumber-start NUMBER        Use internal field formatting like %(autonumber+NUMBER)s
    --id                             -o "%(id)s.%(ext)s"
    --metadata-from-title FORMAT     --parse-metadata "%(title)s:FORMAT"
    --hls-prefer-native              --downloader "m3u8:native"
    --hls-prefer-ffmpeg              --downloader "m3u8:ffmpeg"
    --list-formats-old               --compat-options list-formats (Alias: --no-list-formats-as-table)
    --list-formats-as-table          --compat-options -list-formats [Default] (Alias: --no-list-formats-old)
    --youtube-skip-dash-manifest     --extractor-args "youtube:skip=dash" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-dash-manifest)
    --youtube-skip-hls-manifest      --extractor-args "youtube:skip=hls" (Alias: --no-youtube-include-hls-manifest)
    --youtube-include-dash-manifest  Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-dash-manifest)
    --youtube-include-hls-manifest   Default (Alias: --no-youtube-skip-hls-manifest)

  Developer options

These options are not intended to be used by the end-user

    --test                           Download only part of video for testing extractors
    --youtube-print-sig-code         For testing youtube signatures
    --allow-unplayable-formats       List unplayable formats also
    --no-allow-unplayable-formats    Default

  Old aliases

These are aliases that are no longer documented for various reasons

    --avconv-location                --ffmpeg-location
    --cn-verification-proxy URL      --geo-verification-proxy URL
    --dump-headers                   --print-traffic
    --dump-intermediate-pages        --dump-pages
    --force-write-download-archive   --force-write-archive
    --load-info                      --load-info-json
    --no-split-tracks                --no-split-chapters
    --no-write-srt                   --no-write-subs
    --prefer-unsecure                --prefer-insecure
    --rate-limit RATE                --limit-rate RATE
    --split-tracks                   --split-chapters
    --srt-lang LANGS                 --sub-langs LANGS
    --trim-file-names LENGTH         --trim-filenames LENGTH
    --write-srt                      --write-subs
    --yes-overwrites                 --force-overwrites

  Sponskrub Options

Support for SponSkrub (https://github.com/faissaloo/SponSkrub) has been deprecated in favor of the --sponsorblock options

    --sponskrub                      --sponsorblock-mark all
    --no-sponskrub                   --no-sponsorblock
    --sponskrub-cut                  --sponsorblock-remove all
    --no-sponskrub-cut               --sponsorblock-remove -all
    --sponskrub-force                Not applicable
    --no-sponskrub-force             Not applicable
    --sponskrub-location             Not applicable
    --sponskrub-args                 Not applicable

  No longer supported

These options may no longer work as intended

    --prefer-avconv                  avconv is not officially supported by yt-dlp (Alias: --no-prefer-ffmpeg)
    --prefer-ffmpeg                  Default (Alias: --no-prefer-avconv)
    -C, --call-home                  Not implemented
    --no-call-home                   Default
    --include-ads                    No longer supported
    --no-include-ads                 Default
    --write-annotations              No supported site has annotations now
    --no-write-annotations           Default

  Removed

These options were deprecated since 2014 and have now been entirely removed

    -A, --auto-number                -o "%(autonumber)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
    -t, --title                      -o "%(title)s-%(id)s.%(ext)s"
    -l, --literal                    -o accepts literal names

CONTRIBUTING

See CONTRIBUTING.md (CONTRIBUTING.md#contributing-to-yt-dlp) for instructions on Opening an Issue (CONTRIBUTING.md#opening-an-issue) and Contributing code to the project (CONTRIBUTING.md#developer-instructions)

MORE

For FAQ see the youtube-dl README (https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl#faq)