JMRI: Operations
Author: Dan Boudreau
Keywords: JMRI Help Operations Setup Settings Cars Engines Locomotives Trains Routes Locations Schedules

# JMRI: OperationsPro™

The JMRI Operations program allows you to create computer generated train Manifests for your railroad. A train Manifest details the work that a crew will perform during an operations session. The Manifest provides a list of car pick up and set outs and shows where the cars are located and where they should be eventually positioned on the railroad. The program allows you to enter a roster of cars and locomotives, define locations (stations) on the railroad, and routes for trains to travel. The car roster includes information about the car, including road, number, type of car, color, length, weight, load, date built, and owner. Trains are assigned routes that define locations or stations where cars can be picked up or set out. Features include the ability to control what car types, roads, and car loads a location or industry can service, the available track space for a location, and the maximum length the train can be between any two locations in the train's route.

Locations can have spurs, yards, staging and classification/interchange tracks. Spurs are used to service industries, and can optionally have schedules assigned to them which allows for very fine and realistic control over car movement and loads. Trains can be configured to require a caboose or car with Flashing Rear End Device (FRED). The program generates Manifests for each train and switch lists for any location. A switch list for a location shows the work for all of the trains that will visit that location. The program can also place icons representing trains on a JMRI panel. The icon can be taught to move in the panel along with the train from location to location.

OperationsPro™ lets you create realistic prototypical car movements through the optional use of railroad divisions. Cars are returned to their home division when their loads are removed, or when a new load is provided by an industry in a foreign division.

OperationsPro™ is included in the JMRI suite of tools and can be found under the main menu heading "Tools->Operations".

## Table of Contents

- New User Advice
- Display and Help
- Multiple Layout Support
- Operation Files
- Operations Demo Files
- Quick Start Help
- Trouble Shooting
- Settings
  - Panel Options (Train Icons)
  - Backup
  - Restore
  - Settings Tools
    - Options
      - Build Options
      - Car Routing
      - Logging Options
      - Custom Manifests and Switch lists
      - Options
        - Save Train Manifests
        - Enable Value Fields
        - Enable RFID Fields
        - Enable physical locations for Virtual Sound Decoder
    - Manifest Print Options
      - Manifests and Switch List Options
      - Add Logo
      - Misplaced Cars Comment
      - Hazardous Comment
      - Manifest Print Options Tools
    - Build Report Options
    - Load Demo Files
    - Reset Database
- Locations
  - Add or Edit Location
  - Railroad Divisions
  - Yardmaster
  - Location Tools
    - Copy Track
    - Change Track Type
    - Show Track Moves
    - Modify Location by Car Type
    - Modify Location by Car Load
    - Track Blocking Order
    - Show Trains Servicing this Location
    - Edit Car Type
    - Show Cars
    - Print or Preview
  - Yards
    - Pick Up Car Order
  - Spurs
    - Restricting Track to Certain Trains or Routes
    - Schedules
    - Purposely Moving Cars Using Schedules and Loads
    - Controlling Cars to the Spur / Industry
    - Show Schedules by Car Type and Load
    - Alternate Track
  - Classification/Interchange Tracks
    - Track Destinations
    - How to Create a Classification Yard
    - How to Exchange Cars Between Through Freight and Local Switcher
  - Staging Tracks
    - Staging and Car loads
    - Blocking Cars from Staging
    - Looping Trains through Staging
    - Off Layout Storage / Staging
  - Track Tools
    - Load Options
      - Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full
    - Road Options
    - Manifest Comments
    - Track Pools
    - Alternate Track or "Off Spot"
    - Planned Pick Ups
    - Track Destinations
    - Change Track Type
    - Show Trains Servicing this track
    - Show Cars
  - Locations Tools
    - Copy Location
    - Copy Track
    - Schedules
    - Modify Locations and Tracks by Car Type
    - Modify Locations and Tracks by Car Load
    - Show Cars
    - Print or Preview
- Cars
  - Importing Cars from a File
  - Adding Cars to your Roster
  - Passenger, Caboose, Car with FRED, Utility, and Hazardous Options
  - Car Loads
  - Kernel (Group of Cars)
  - Edit Car Attribute Names (Road, Type, Length, Color, Kernel, Owner)
    - Delete Unused Attribute Names
  - Edit Car Loads (Custom Load)
  - Set Car
    - Return When Empty
    - Return When Loaded
    - Home Division
  - Cars Tools
    - Car Roster
      - Import from file
      - Export to file
      - Delete all cars
      - Reset move counts all cars
      - Print
      - Preview
    - Modify Locations and Tracks by Car Type
    - Modify Trains by Car Type
    - Set Cars
- Locomotives
  - Import Locomotives
  - Adding Locomotives to your Roster
    - Locomotive Models
    - Locomotive Consists
  - Locomotives Tools
    - Locomotive Roster
      - Import from file
      - Export to file
      - Delete all locomotives
      - Reset move counts all locomotives
      - Print
      - Preview
    - Synchronize with NCE Consists
  - Set Locomotive
- Train Routes
  - Add Route
  - Edit Route
  - Train Turn Route
  - Passenger Train Route
  - Departing Staging Route
  - Route Features
  - Route Tools
    - Blocking Order
    - Copy Route
    - Set Train Icon Coordinates
- Trains
  - Add or Edit Train
    - Optional Train Requirements (Add Locomotives, Caboose or FRED)
  - Reset Train
  - Edit Train Tools
    - Train Build Options
      - Locomotive or Caboose Changes en Route
    - Train Load Options
    - Train Road Options
    - Train Manifest Options
    - Scripts
    - Copy Train
    - Show Car Types Serviced (Diagnostic Tool)
    - Train Conductor
    - Print or Preview Saved Train Manifests
  - Trains Tools
    - Options
    - Manifest Print Options
    - Build Report Options
    - Modify Trains by Car Type
    - Show Car Types Serviced (Diagnostic Tool)
    - Change Train Departure Times
    - Train Row Color
    - Train Schedules
    - Automation
    - Copy Train
    - Train Scripts
    - Print or Preview Saved Train Manifests
    - Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator)
    - Export to File
    - Export Timetable Data
    - Export Train Lineups
  - Switcher Service (Local)
  - Building Trains
  - Train Status
  - Build Reports
  - Problems Building Trains How to Fix
  - Reading the Build Report
  - Build Report Details (How Trains are Built)
  - Printing Manifests
  - Switch Lists
  - Custom Switch Lists
  - Moving Trains
  - Terminate Train
  - Save Builds
  - Building Multiple Trains for a Session
- Operation Windows
- Operations Web Access

### New User Advice

OperationsPro™ has been designed to create car movements that make sense to you and your crew. There are many options and features that the program provides and it can be a bit overwhelming, but you can get started by simply following the steps in the Quick Start Help. If you've never used a computer program to generate a train Manifest or switch list, we recommend that you load and use the demo files provided. Please read the build reports for the demo trains in very detailed mode, even if they build which they should since they are demo files. You should make changes to the demo database and see what the results are. This is your chance to experiment with the program before you enter your own data. You might want to print and save a demo train Manifest and build report for later reference.

After playing with the demo files, you can reset the database and begin entering your own data. We strongly recommend that you get your trains to build to your liking without the use of staging tracks, classification/interchange tracks, and especially schedules and custom loads. We find that users attempting to use the advanced features before they understand how the program works tend to need a lot of help getting the car movement they desire. So start off small and get your trains to build correctly, read the build reports in the very detailed mode for your trains, even if they build to your liking. You need to get proficient with the build reports before you begin using the more advanced features of the OperationsPro™. Once you get your trains to build correctly, you can add staging tracks if you've designed staging into your layout. The other three advanced features are completely optional and aren't needed for good car movement. The next track type to experiment with could be Classification/Interchange Tracks. Once you get classification/interchange tracks to work correctly, you could then introduce Schedules for your industries and custom loads for your cars. If you do decide to use schedules, the first thing to understand is that you don't need schedules for all of your industries. So again start off small and only do a couple of industries and see what the results are. Adding schedules can not increase car movement, and in most cases will reduce car movement! So our advice is start off using the basic features of the program and later once you get good car movement, try the more advanced features.

One question that comes up often, is whether to enter the arrival and departure tracks into the operations program, and the simple answer is that you don't need to enter them into the program. Although it is possible to specify the A/D tracks in the program, it complicates the car movement by requiring an "extra" session to move the car from arrival track to the car's destination, and from the car's origin track to the departure track. Most find that allowing the program to pull a car directly from a train sitting on the "arrival" track and eventually spot the car to its destination, is the best method when using the program. Same goes when building a train using the "departure" track, car pulls directly into the train rather than to a specific departure track makes the operations run more smoothly. By not specifying the A/D tracks, you're letting your crew, and not the program, decide which tracks to use when servicing a train.

### Display and Help

To adjust the display font size or appearance of the JMRI windows, select "Preferences..." found under "Edit" (on Windows/Linux) or PanelPro (on macOS) in the main window menu bar. The JMRI: Preferences Pane will appear with options to make Layout Connections, change the window Display appearance and font size, and many other settings including the Railroad Name. You can also configure JMRI to automatically open any of the operation windows on Start Up by adding a "Perform action".

Most JMRI windows have as part of the menu bar the "Help" option. Select "Window Help.." to get information about the window you're using. Detailed step by step JMRI Operations How-To Instructions are available on the JMRI.org site.

### Multiple Layout Support

You can create and manage multiple layouts using OperationsPro™. From the main menu bar under "Edit" select "Preferences..." then "Config Profiles". Create a new Configuration Profile for each layout that you want to manage. The database for each layout is unique and not shared with the other layouts. You can find each set of operation files under JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations.

### Operations Files

OperationsPro™ uses up to six XML files to store the operations database. You can find these files by selecting from the main menu bar, Help->Locations..., a new window should appear showing where your JMRI user files are. The operation files are stored in a directory called "operations" located inside a directory that uses the name of your profile. Once you start entering your data into OperationsPro™, you can find up to six operation files, and six identically named backup files. The operation files use the .xml extension, and the backup files have the .bak extension appended to them. These files are created when needed, for example the "OperationsEngineRoster.xml" file is created when you enter your first locomotive into OperationsPro™. The back up files are created when you make a change to one of the operation files.

File Name | Contains
Operations.xml | Settings
OperationsCarRoster.xml | Car database
OperationsEngineRoster.xml | Locomotive database
OperationsLocationRoster.xml | Location database
OperationsRouteRoster.xml | Route database
OperationsTrainRoster.xml | Train database

### Operations Demo Files

The operations program provides a set of demo files to help introduce you to the some of the features and capabilities of this program. To load the demo files, first open the Operations Settings window "Tools->Operations->Settings", and in the upper left corner of the Setting window is the "Tools" menu, select "Load Demo Files". The program will create a backup of your current configuration if you have one, and then loads the demo files. Restart JMRI to complete the demo load process.

The demo program also supplies a simple panel to show how the train icons work. Load the panel before building the trains by selecting from the main JMRI menu, "File->Load table content and panels..." a window should appear and open the "operations" directory and then select the "Operations Demo Panel.xml" file.

### Quick Start Help

From the main menu bar for JMRI find the "Tools->Operations" menu. There are six items in this menu. We recommend that you start with Settings and work your way down to Trains.

So let's begin with the Settings window. Enter a name for your railroad, the scale that you're modeling, and decide of you're are going to use descriptive names or AAR codes for your rolling stock. You can also optionally select which directions your railroad travels. You also have the option to add the OperationsPro™ menu to the main window. Select "Add Operations Menu to Main Menu" if you want this option. The next time you start PanelPro the OperationsPro™ menu will appear. Leave the rest of the fields in the Settings window alone for now, you can always come back and change them later. Now press the "Save" button in the lower right corner and close the window by pressing the "X" in the upper right corner.

Now open the locations window. This window will allow you to enter the locations or stations that your trains will visit. If this is your first time using a computer generated car forwarding program, it is best to start off small and gradually work your way through the various options and features available. Start by entering only three or four locations with each location having only two or three tracks. You only need to specify tracks that will be worked by your crew. For example you might start with tracks that service your industries, this type of track is called a spur. The spur's length determines how many cars can be spotted there. For example a 44 foot long spur can hold one 40 foot car. Keep things simple and don't modify the location and track defaults by making them restrictive with regards to the type of cars or locomotives that they will service. Also, the track and location default is to allow a train to service the location and track by trains traveling in any direction. Don't change the defaults until you can successfully build trains to your liking. We also recommend that when creating your locations that you first use spur and yard tracks, and try staging and classification/interchange tracks when you're more comfortable with how the program operates.

The next window to try is the cars window. This is where you enter the non-powered rolling stock for your railroad. Press the "Add" button at the bottom of the cars window and the add car window will allow you to enter cars into your operations database. Be sure to place the cars on a track using the "Location and Track" field found in either the add / edit car or set car window. The program works best if you keep at least 50% of your tracks empty, so don't place too many cars on tracks until you understand how the program builds trains.

The locomotives window is similar to the cars window and allows you to enter locomotives for your trains. Entering and requiring locomotives for your trains is completely optional, and locomotives are not needed for the program to operate correctly. So if you want to manually assign your locomotives to your trains, don't bother entering the locomotive data into the program.

Now create a simple route for your first train to follow by pressing the "Add" button in the Routes window. Enter each of your locations in the route by selecting them from the menu and pressing the "Add Location" button in the Add Route window. Try and keep it simple by only entering each of your locations once in the route. For now don't modify the route in any way, later you can come back and modify how many cars are serviced at each location by adjusting the move count.

Now you're ready to create your first train by pressing the Add button at the bottom left of the Trains window. Be sure to select the route you created for your first train. Leave all of the train checkboxes alone which means the train will service all car and locomotive types. Leave the Optional Train Requirements for locomotives and caboose area alone for now. Save the train, close the window, and return to the Trains window. Press the Build button for the train. It should build. Now pressing the "Print" or "Preview" button will produce a Manifest for your train depending on the state of "Preview" checkbox at the bottom of the Trains window. Review the Manifest and you should see that the train serviced all car types. If you examine the Cars window you can see that cars are now assigned to your train.

Now try limiting the car types that the train will service by modifying some of the car types checkboxes in the Edit Train window. Use the train reset to release the cars that were assigned to the train so you can build it again without moving the train. With the new car types restriction in place, you should see that the train will only pick up and set out car types that are selected in the Edit Train window.

Now try restricting your tracks to only certain types of cars by modifying the car types serviced for a track. Now when you build the train, the train will only set out cars to tracks that are willing to accept them.

Press the Move button located in the Trains window and you will see that the train's location will change to the next in the route. You will also see that the Cars window will update to show the cars serviced by the train moving to their new location as the trains moves from location to location.

Now enter some locomotives into the operations database if you want the program to assign locomotives to your trains. Place some of your locomotives on a track located at the start of the route. Note that if you want two or more locomotives servicing your train, that the locomotives must be in a consist. Note that the last location in your route must have a track that will service the locomotive type or the build will fail. Now change the train requirements to require one or more locomotives.

If you want a caboose or car with FRED for your train, first configure some of the cars to be the last car in the train by selecting the "Caboose" or "FRED" checkbox in the Edit Car window. Now change the optional train requirements radio button to "Caboose" or "FRED" in the Edit Train window. Place the caboose on a track at the first location in your train's route. Be sure that the last location in your train's route has a track that will accept the caboose or the train will not build properly.

If you keep building your first train and moving it, eventually all of your cars will end up at the last location in your route! Create another route that is the inverse of your first train. Go to the Routes window and under the "Tools" menu select Copy Route. Select your original route, check the "Invert" checkbox, enter a name for this route, and then the "Copy" button. Now create a second train that uses this route to move cars in the opposite direction of your first train.

You should now be well on your way with regards to JMRI operations. Each window in OperationsPro™ has a "Help" item on the menu bar which will direct you to the section in this document that covers that window's capabilities. Many of the OperationsPro™ buttons and controls have popup tool tips, just hover your mouse pointer over the button to see the tool tip. Detailed step by step JMRI Operations How-To Instructions are also available on the JMRI.org site.

Help is also available at the JMRI users which is part of the Groups.io. Another good source for help is a series of articles written by David Haynes http://rcairgallery.com/stuff/Using-JMRI-Operations-A-Worked-Example.pdf. You can also view two excellent NMRA YouTube videos by Robert J Thomas Introduction to JMRI OPs For A Small Layout and Steve Todd - JMRI Operations with No Paper. And finally under the "Tools" item on the menu bar, you will find many useful functions, like the ability to print the contents of the window.

### British Railways

OperationsPro™ supports an alternate set of railway terminology for our British modelers. To use British terminologies, change the JMRI Display Locale to English (United Kingdom). With British terminology, trains travel Up/Down and East/West, and some British railway names and wagon types are provided to get you started.

## Trouble Shooting

The best tool for trouble shooting train build problems is the Train Build Report.

If you want to determine which trains can service a location or track, use the the Show Trains Servicing this Location or Show Trains Servicing this track tools. The "Show trains Serving this track" tool can be found under "Tools" in the edit track window. The tool also allows you to see how a specific car type will be serviced.

There are several Print or Preview options under Location Tools that can be very useful. The first is "Print Location Details". This option will list each track for a location, and then details which car types, loads, roads, and trains can service that track. The "Track Analysis" option lists each car type, and then shows which tracks can service that car type. The analysis includes the total length of each car type, and then the percentage of track that can be consumed by that car type. To check for track configuration issues, select "Track Error Analysis" option. This option will check each track and determine if there's a train that will service the car types selected for that track.

To understand which car types a train can service, and which tracks will accept those car types, use the Show Car Types Serviced tool.

If you decide to use schedules, the Show Schedules by Car Type and Load tool can show you which car types and loads will be serviced by your spurs.

OperationsPro™ will send messages to the system console when there are errors or problems with the program. You can access the system console from the main menu bar under "Help".

## Settings

The Settings window contains general parameters for the Operations application. Select from the JMRI main window "Tools->Operations->Settings" to open the Settings window. The Settings window has fields and buttons to allow you to enter your railroad name, the directions your train's travel, the scale that you are using, printer and icon controls, and the ability to create backups and restore files for operations.

#### Railroad Name

Enter your railroad name in the field across from "Railroad Name". This name will show up on your Manifests. You can also have a different railroad name for every train in your roster, see Train Manifest Options for details.

When you close the "Settings" window you will be prompted to make whatever railroad name you've entered to be the JMRI railroad name. You should answer "Yes" to the dialog window, this way all of the other applications in JMRI will reference the same railroad name. You can also change the railroad name by going to the JMRI: Preferences Pane found under "Edit->Preferences..." from the main menu bar.

#### Train Directions

If your railroad depicts trains traveling north and south select the "North/South" box, if your trains travel east and west select the "East/West" box. You must select at least one direction, and can if desired select both.

#### Scale

Next select the scale you are modeling. This is useful when you enter the length of cars and tracks. You can enter the number of actual inches and the program will convert to scale feet. Append a double quote to the length when entering actual inches. The program will also automatically assign the proper NMRA weight for a car based on scale and length.

#### Maximum Train Length

Now enter the "Maximum Train Length" you desire for your trains. This field provides the maximum scale train length between stations. Later you can override this length if you wish a shorter train between any two locations. A 1000 foot train can carry approximately 20 cars, and is of course dependent on the car lengths assigned to the train.

Note that if you increase the "Maximum Train Length" that it doesn't affect train routes that you've already created. Once you increase the maximum train length, you can manually increase the departure length of a train by editing the train's route. See Edit Route for more details.

If you decrease the "Maximum Train Length" the program will prompt you to modify your existing routes, and you can optionally have the program reduce all of your train's routes to the new shorter train length.

#### Maximum Number of Locomotives

Now set the maximum number of locomotives that you want the program to assign to a train. If you don't want the program assigning locomotives, set this value to 0.

#### Horsepower per Ton

Enter the minimum horsepower per ton (HPT) that want for your trains when dynamically building a locomotive consist. Enter 0 if you don't want the program to consider the HPT or the train's route grades when building a consist.

#### Switch and Travel Times

OperationsPro™ when generating switch lists for the various locations on your railroad, will estimate the arrival times for your trains based on the train's departure time and the switch and travel times. Enter the average number of minutes it takes to set out or pick up a car on your railroad. Then enter the average amount of time in minutes it takes to travel from one location to the another. Later when you create a route you will be able to increase or decrease the train's travel time between any two locations.

#### Car Types

OperationsPro™ has two sets of car types for you to use. Descriptive provides type names like "Boxcar" and "tank car", and AAR Codes provides type names like "XM" and "T" for boxcars and tank cars respectively. Select the one that you prefer. You can add or delete car types by using the car type edit window.

#### Unit of Length

You can use scale feet or meters when entering the length of your rolling stock and tracks. The program can convert actual inches into scale feet when entering car, locomotive, or track lengths. Just append a double quote (") to any length. The program can also convert from actual centimeters to scale meters, just append "cm" to any length.

#### Optional Year Modeled

You can optionally enter the year you want printed on your train Manifests.

#### Add Operations Menu to Main Menu

When selected, add the operations menu to the main menu bar. The operations menu will appear the next time you restart JMRI.

You can also automatically open any of the six operations windows when you start JMRI. From the main menu, under "Edit->Preferences..." select Start Up, and add a "Perform action" startup item for the desired window.

#### Close on Save

When selected, close operation windows when the "Save" button is pressed.

#### Auto Save

When selected, the program will automatically save the operation files after they have been changed. When a change occurs the program will after 1 to 2 minutes automatically save the operations files. The program will also automatically save the operation files if you close the Trains window or shutdown JMRI.

#### Auto Backup

When selected, the program will create a set of operation backup files each time the program is started. This is very useful when experimenting with the program, if you don't like what you've done, just restore one of the previous backups. See Backup and Restore for more information.

### Panel Options (Train Icons)

If you want the OperationsPro™ to place an icon representing the train on a panel, enter the panel's name (NOT the panel's file path name!), otherwise leave the name blank to disable. Load the panel using the main menu "File->Load table content and panels..." or use the Open file option available in JMRI: Preferences Pane to load the panel at startup.

The "Enable Icon SetX&Y" when selected allows you to teach the OperationsPro™ where to place the train icon on your panel when moving your train from location to location. Deselect this feature after your done teaching the program to prevent accidentally changing the train icon's position on your panel. If you also want the lead locomotive number as part of your train icon text and switch lists, select the "Append Loco Number" box. You can select the background color of your train icon depending on the train's direction. Select the color desired for each direction using the pull down menus. A switcher is a train with only one location in its route.

You can quickly set the train icon coordinates for your panel using tools in the Routes and Edit Route windows.

The train icon menu allows you to "Move" a train to the next location in the train's route. You can also quickly move a train to any location in the train's route by selecting "Route" followed by any location in the route. The text for the move action becomes "Terminate" when the train arrives at the last location in the train's route. You would Terminate the train when all of the cars have been spotted to their specified tracks.

#### Save

When you're finished with the settings window, press the save button to store your settings in a file named "Operations.xml". You can find this file in JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations. OperationsPro™ will also create a backup file each time you press the save button.

### Backup

Copies of the operations files can be made to provide backups for both error recovery and for archiving. The data files used for operations is a set of six files and they are referred to as a "Backup Set". OperationsPro™ has two places that it uses to store these backup sets, referred to as the "Automatic Backup Store" and the "Manual Backup Store". These are stored under the JMRI "operations" directory in your home directory as "autobackups" and "backups". The purpose of the automatic backups is to make a copy of the files for "safe keeping" before changes are made to the main operations files. This way, if anything gets messed up, there is a copy of the last known good data that can easily be restored to undo the damage. In normal operation, an automatic backup is made each time OperationsPro™ starts (if the "Auto Backup" option is checked on the Settings window), and right before a Restore, Reset Database, or Load Demo Files operation is done.

Manual backups are done only when the user requests it by either clicking the "Backup" button on the Settings window, or by selecting the "Backup" option from the "Tools" menu of the Operations Settings window. The Backup button will copy the files to the Manual Backup Store under the user's JMRI home directory as described above, while the Backup menu option will allow the user to specify any directory. This can be useful when making an archive copy that you want to move somewhere else for safekeeping.

All backup sets have a default name based on the date the backup was done, plus a sequence number, but this name can be changed to anything the user wants for Manual Backups. It is recommended that the names of backup sets made for archive purposes be given a meaningful name, especially if you are managing data for more than one railroad. For example, if today is August 29, 2012, the program will create a backup directory named "2012_08_29_00".

#### What isn't backed up by OperationsPro™

There are many OperationPro directories and files that aren't backed up using the methods described above. You can find all of the directories and files not backed up inside the "operations" directory. Here's the list with the file types and directory names:

File Type | Directory
Train Build Reports | buildstatus
Old Train Build Reports | buildStatusBackups
CSV Manifests | csvManifests
CSV SwitchLists | csvSwitchLists
json Manifests | jsonManifests
Log Files | logger
Train Manifests | manifests
Old Train Manifests | manifestBackups
SwitchLists | switchLists
Old SwitchLists | switchListsBackups

### Restore

Note that restoring a Backup Set will overwrite the current operations files, therefore an Automatic Backup is done just before the restore copies the files, "just in case".

Backup Sets can be restored from either the Automatic Store or the Manual Store using the "Restore" button on the Settings window. Alternatively, the "Restore" menu option in the "Tools" menu of the Operations Settings window allows you to navigate to any directory, and would be used to restore an archived Backup Set.

The date and time that the Backup Set was made is displayed along with the set name to help distinguish the correct Backup Set.

You must quit and restart JMRI to complete the restoration of the operation files.

### Settings Tools

## Options

OperationsPro™ has several options that can be modified by selecting Operations->Settings->Tools->Options.

### Build Options

There are two build train options, normal and aggressive. It is recommended that you select normal when you first begin using OperationsPro™. Normal builds guarantee that when a car is delivered (set out) by a train that there will be track space available for the car. Normal mode will not fill every track to capacity which is more prototypical. However, normal mode won't swap a set of cars, cars are picked up or set out based on the available track space. Normal mode prevents track overloading. In aggressive mode you can "accidentally" create track overloading by the order you build and run your trains or by using the Train Reset function.

Aggressive builds makes the car's track space available as soon as a car is scheduled for a pick up. Therefore there can be instances where a train was to pick up a car to vacate the track, but a "later" train arrives early with a set out to that track and the car hasn't been picked up. However, more often than not the same train will perform the pick up and set out thus minimizing the number of conflicts. Aggressive also performs a multiple pass determination of car movements. The net effect is that more cars are moved within a given train, and complete car swaps can occur. Aggressive also tends to deliver cars to all of the available spurs. The smaller the spur, yard, or interchange the more likely that the program will assign cars to that track.

One serious consideration when using aggressive mode is that you can cause your tracks to be overloaded by selectively resetting your trains or building them and running them in a different order. Here's a simple example showing how it's possible to overload a track using the aggressive mode. Say you have two trains that will service the same track. The track has several cars on it, you build the first train and the Manifest shows to pull all of the cars from the track. You now build a second train, the program finds that the track will be vacated by the first train, so it schedules new cars to be spotted on to track by the second train. You later decide that you don't want to run the first train, and reset the train. Now the original cars on still sitting on the track, and you now run and terminate the second train. The program will deliver the new cars, while the old cars are still sitting there, which unfortunately will overload the track. You could also overload the track if you ran the second train before the first, the second train would try and deliver cars to the track that still has cars sitting on it.

To avoid overloading in aggressive mode, you also need to build, run, and terminate your trains in the same order. And do not use the train reset after you've built or terminated other trains! However, if you need to reset a train, you should also reset all of the trains built after the train that you want to reset, or live with possible track overloading. And never reset a train built before a train that you've already terminated. Normal mode will never overload a track, so you might consider using this mode if you find yourself having to reset trains or you want to build and run your trains in any order. The recommendation is not to use train reset in aggressive mode once you've built or terminated additional trains. And if you do reset a train, there isn't a guarantee that building the train again will pull the same cars, each train build can be different depending on the car movements created by the other trains.

Note that once you've built a train, the build option can not be changed until all trains are terminated or reset.

### Number of Passes During Build

When building trains in aggressive mode, you can control the number of passes the program performs. Two passes is the default, and for most users is the correct value. The program works best when less than 50% of your tracks are full, and two passes should provide good car movement. If your layout is more towards the full side of the equation, increasing the number of passes could increase car movement. In most cases, three passes is more than adequate, and if your layout is jammed with cars, four passes might provide you with good car movement. The one major drawback to increasing the number of passes, is that your train build reports will be longer since each pass by the program is documented.

### Switcher Service (Local)

The next set of options control local car movements when using a switcher to service a location. A switcher only services one location. Normally it is better not to allow a car to move from one spur directly to another spur at the same location when using a switcher. This type of move can be very unrealistic, picture moving a boxcar from a shoe manufacture directly to an auto manufacture. Also moving a car from one yard track to another can have your crew wondering what kind of busy work is being generated! We recommend that you leave all of the checkboxes deselected, but if you need these types of moves, select the appropriate checkbox.

You should note that schedules can override the switcher options. So if you need certain car movements for a switcher, it's best to use a schedule to define them.

### Staging

#### Enable Type, Road and Load Restrictions into Staging

This option restricts trains to staging tracks that only accept the train's rolling stock type, road and load names. When "Enable Type, Road and Load Restrictions into Staging" is selected, the program will only deliver a train to a staging track has the same rolling stock, road and load name restrictions. This is useful when you want trains delivered to staging tracks based on the train's rolling stock preferences. However, if you want certain car types, car roads, or load names to be transported by a train, but not delivered to staging, deselect this option.

If you specify a certain train or route to be accepted by a staging track, this option is ignored, and you can then control which car types, loads, and road are to be accepted by the staging track.

#### Make departure track available after train is built

This option when selected makes the departure track in staging available for other trains immediately after the departing train is built. For trains that return to the same staging location, this option allows the train to use the same track it departed on. This option is only available when using the aggressive mode for building trains.

#### Allow cars to return to staging

When a train departs and returns to the same staging location, it is regarded as a turn by the program. A turn normally takes cars from staging, sets them out on the layout, picks up new cars and returns to staging with those cars. Normally the program doesn't allow the same cars to depart and return to staging. However, it may be desirable to allow the train carry the cars rather than having the program report that cars in staging couldn't be delivered to destinations on the layout. Selecting this option allows a turn to transport cars to and from the same staging location. Note that when this options is selected, that the program will only return cars to staging when destinations are not available on the layout.

It is recommended that you leave this option disabled, as it's also available on a per train basis. See Train Build Options. Note that when this option is enabled, the program may have difficulties swapping cars from staging and the layout as the program must assume that all cars in staging could return to staging.

#### Prompt for Departure Track from Staging

If you would like the program to ask you which track a train should depart from staging during the train build, select this option. Normally during the train build the program would select the track with the least amount of use when determining which track to depart from. Note that the program will only prompt you if there are two or more trains available in staging that meet the train's requirements.

#### Prompt for Arrival Track into Staging

If you would like the program to ask you which track a train should use when arriving into staging during the train build, select this option. Normally during the train build the program would select the track with the least amount of use when determining the track to arrive on. Note that the program will only prompt you if there are two or more tracks available in staging that meet the train's requirements.

#### Try Normal Mode if Build Failure from Staging

When using aggressive mode to build a train, the program will first try and pull cars from all of the train's locations to free up space for cars departing staging. Sometimes this causes the length of the train to exceed the maximum length requirements of the route, causing a build failure. If this option is selected, and the build fails, the program will automatically try to build the train in normal mode. In Normal mode cars from staging are placed along the train's route before pulling cars from location, the exact opposite of aggressive mode.

You can also request to build a specific train in normal mode, see Train Build Options.

### Car Routing Options

#### Enable Car Routing

When car routing is enabled, the program will use multiple trains to deliver a car to its final destination. It is recommended that you leave this option enabled. The railroad division feature uses routing to move cars. With car routing enabled, you can use a Schedule to deliver a car to a specific location using the car's final destination fields. The car routing algorithm will search for the most efficient route for the car to travel. The router will attempt to use classification/interchange tracks and then yards to move cars. If you don't want the router to use yards, you can deselect the "Enable Car Routing via Yards" checkbox. The program will try and find a route using a maximum of six trains to complete the car move. Note that the program never gives up trying to route a car. If a car has been assigned a Final Destination or custom load the program will try and route the car during every train build that has access to the car.

#### Enable Car Routing via Yards

The program when routing a car will first try to find classification/interchange tracks to move the car to its final destination. If you want the program to also consider using yard tracks when routing, select this option.

#### Enable Car Routing through Staging

Routing through staging is disabled by default. This is considered to be an advanced feature and shouldn't be used until you've become very familiar with the program. When enabled the program will try to route cars through staging if it couldn't find a route using C/I and yard tracks. Enabling this feature can increase train build times.

#### Use all Trains when Routing

The option "Use all Trains when Routing" when selected instructs the program to use all of your trains to route a car. If you only want the router to use the trains that you've selected in the "Build" column of the "Trains" window, then deselect this option.

#### Enable EXTREME Track Destination Restrictions when Routing

The last routing option "Enable EXTREME Track Destination Restrictions when Routing" is disabled by default, and is recommended that you leave it disabled. This option makes the track destination feature of a classification/interchange track more restrictive. When selected it tells the router to only use classification/interchange tracks that match a car's final destination AND the car's very next destination. Again, it is recommended that you leave this feature disabled, even if you've placed destination restrictions on your C/I tracks. When this feature is enabled, you must enter the destination AND the next destination needed to route a car to its final destination. For example, say the route for a car looks something like this: New York to Springfield to Worcester to Boston with each city hop requiring a separate train. In this case three trains are need to move the car from NY to Boston. With the "Enable EXTREME Track Destination Restrictions when Routing" disabled, which is the default, you only have to enter "Boston" as the destination for the departure C/I track in New York. The program when routing a car to Boston from New York, will determine that sending the car first to Springfield and then Worcester is okay because that's the route to get the car to Boston. However, if you enable this option, you must add Springfield in addition to Boston as valid destinations out of NY for the C/I track. The C/I track out of Springfield would need to allow destinations of Worcester and Boston. You would only use this feature if you needed to hard sort your cars by the car's next destination and final destination to specific C/I tracks.

### Logging Options

If you want the OperationsPro™ to log your locomotive, car, or train movements to a file, select the appropriate checkboxes. The program will create a new directory called "logger" in the operations directory. For each day's session the program will create a new file (.csv) using the day's date and the file will include all of the rolling stock movements for that day. Use a program like Microsoft Excel to view the file. The program will also create and maintain a separate file for each car's history and it can be also found in the "logger" directory in a second directory called "rollingStock".

### Custom Manifests and Switch Lists

#### Generate CSV Manifests

If you want to create your own Custom Manifest using a comma separated values (.csv) file, select this option. You can use a program like Excel to create a Manifest to your liking. There's also a Java based program written by Tim Mann called Model Railroad Switch List and Manifest Formatter that will create custom Manifests and switch lists for you using the CSV files.

You can find the CSV Manifest files created by OperationsPro™ in the operations directory in a directory called "csvManifests". Each line of the file starts with a two to five letter code, followed by the code's description, and then any parameters associated with the code. Here's a list of the current codes and descriptions:

Code | Description | Parameters
AH | Add Helpers |
AT | Arrival Time | Time
CC | Change Caboose |
CL | Change Locos |
DT | Departure Time | Time
DTR | Departure Time Route | Time
EDT | Estimated Departure Time | Time
LC | Location Comment | Comment
LN | Location Name | Name
LOGO | Path name to logo | URL
NW | No Work |
PC | Pick up car | See below
PL | Pick up loco | See below
PRNTR | Printer Name | Name
RC | Route Comment | Comment
RLC | Route Location Comment | Comment
RH | Remove Helpers |
RN | Railroad Name | Name
SC | Set out car | See below
SL | Set out loco | See below
SMC | Search for Missing Car | See below
SMCM | Missing Car Message | Message
TKCB | Track Comment | Comment
TKCP | Track Comment Pick Up | Comment
TKCS | Track Comment Set Out | Comment
TC | Train Comment | Comment
TD | Train Departs | Name
TL | Train Length | Length, Empties, Number of cars
TM | Train Manifest Description | Description
TN | Train Name | Name
TRUN | Truncate | Appears if there's a switch list for the location and the "Truncate" checkbox is selected in the Manifest Print Options
TT | Train Terminates | Name
TW | Train Weight | Weight
VT | Valid | Month/Day/Year Time

Time uses the format Hour:Minute.

The car parameters for pick up car (PC) and set out car (SC) are: road, number, type, length, load, color, location name, track name, destination name, destination track name, owner name, kernel name, car comment, pick up comment, set out comment, C, F, H, IDTag, RWE location name, RWE track name, U, utility car count, final destination name, final destination track name. Where C = Caboose, F = FRED, H = Hazardous, and U = Utility.

The Search for Missing Car (SMC) parameters are identical to the above for (PC) or (SC).

The loco parameters for pick up loco (PL) and set out loco (SL) are: road, number, model, length, type, hp, location name, track name, destination name, destination track name, owner name, consist name, is lead loco in consist, loco comment, IDTag.

You can find some examples of custom manifests at https://groups.io/g/jmriusers/files/Operations.

#### Generate CSV Switch Lists

You can also generate custom switch lists using a comma separated values (.csv) files. You can find the switch list files in the operations directory in a directory called "csvSwitchLists". The CSV switch lists use the same codes and descriptions as the CSV manifests, plus the following:

Code | Description | Parameters
SWL | Switch List |
DL | Departure Location Name | Name
ETA | Expected Time Arrival | Time
ETE | Estimated Time En route | Time
HOLD | Hold Car | See PC or SC above
NCPU | No Car Pick Up |
NCSO | No Car Set Out |
TA | Train Arrives | Direction
TDC | Train changes direction, departs | Direction
TIR | Train En Route |
TDONE | Train has already serviced this location |
VN | Visit Number | Number
END | End Switch List |

### Options

#### Save Train Manifests

When the option "Save Train Manifests" is selected, OperationsPro™ will save the current train Manifest before creating a new one. The program will store the old Manifests in a directory called "manifestBackups" located in the "operations" directory. You can review your old Manifest using the Print or Preview Saved Train Manifests under tools in the Trains or Edit Train windows.

The program will also store a copy of each train's build report in a directory called "buildStatusBackups" also located in the "operations" directory.

This option also makes backup copies of any switch list that you create. They are stored in a directory called "switchListBackups" located in the "operations" directory. A separate directory is created for each location's switch list that you create.

#### Enable Value Fields

You can use the value field to enter the value or cost of your rolling stock. You can rename the value field if you wish and use it for other purposes.

#### Enable Identification Tag Fields

You can enable the assignment of reporters and tags for your locations and rolling stock. Reporters can be assigned to locations and tracks. When this option is enabled, the Cars and Locomotives windows will display the last location and time the rolling stock was detected. The edit car and locomotive windows allow you to select an ID tag that has been entered into JMRI. The edit location and track windows allow you to select Reporters that you want to associate with them. You can rename the RFID field if you wish and use it for other purposes.

#### Enable physical locations for Virtual Sound Decoder

If you're using Virtual Sound Decoder, you can enter the physical coordinates of your locations by enabling this option.

## Manifest Print Options

You can modify the how OperationsPro™ prints the train Manifests and the location switch lists. From the "Operations->Settings->Tools" menu select "Manifest Print Options" to open the window. Press the "Save" button located at the bottom of the window to enable your changes. The "Save" button will also cause the program to update the Manifests for all trains that are built. This allows you to modify your Manifests without having to rebuild your trains.

### Manifest Printer Font

OperationsPro™ supports several types of fonts for printing. Select the desired font and size using the pull down menus. You can also select which printer to use when printing out a Manifest or switch list. See Switch Lists for more details.

### Format

If you would like your Manifest and switch lists printed in a tabular (columns) format select the "Tabular" checkbox. The program determines the maximum character length for each of the attribute's names (Road, Number, Type, Length, Color, Load, etc.) when determining the width of each column. Location names and track names can be up to 25 characters, so you might want to consider reasonable length names when using the "Tabular" feature. FYI, the program reports the maximum track and location names to the system console when creating Manifests. You can access the system console from the main menu bar under "Help".

There are three options with regards to how your Manifests and switch lists are formated. "Standard" provides one line for each car pick up or set out. The "Two Column" format creates Manifests with two major columns, the left column shows the car pick ups for a location, and the right column shows the set outs. The "Two Column" only uses half the page for the car information, so you might have to limit the number of car attributes (see Message Formats below) in order get the data to fit. The next format available is "Two Column (Track)". This format prints the track name in both columns in a header format.

The "Tabular" and "Two Column" formats use equally spaced fonts like "Courier New" or "Monospaced" so only equally spaced fonts are shown in the font selection box when either option is selected.

After selecting "Tabular" and pressing the "Save" button, you will find three additional "Tab" options at the end of the Message Format drop down menus. Use these three tabs to space out the Manifest or switch list to your liking. You can change the length of the tab characters if you wish, see Tools. Go to Printing Manifests to see examples of Manifests and switch lists using the described options.

### Orientation

There are four options, Portrait, Landscape, 4.25 x 11 and 3.25 x 11. Paper size is determined by the locale in use. To access the JMRI locale, from the main menu bar under "Edit" select "Preferences..." then "Display" and then select the "Locale" tab. Some printers require the English (United States) locale in order to print out a Manifest or switch list with the correct number of lines.

### Set Out Text Color

You can select the text color of your Manifest when the operation is to set out a car or locomotive. Select the desired color from the drop down box.

### Pick Up Text Color

You can select the text color of your Manifest when the operation is to pick up a car or locomotive. Select the desired color from the drop down box.

### Local Move Text Color

You can select the text color of your Manifest when the operation is to move a car from one track to another at the same location. The car in this case is not added to the train. Select the desired color from the drop down box.

### Message Formats

You can customize the pick up, set out, and local move messages for your Manifests and switch lists by selecting the appropriate drop down menus. To remove a loco or car attribute (Road, Number, Type, Length, Color, Load, etc.) select blank. You can also edit and or replace the "[ ] Set out", "[ ] Pick up" and "[ ] Move" prefixes. Two popular prefixes are "Spot" and "Pull" for set outs and pick ups respectively. If you want to use the text color options, the set out, pick up, and move prefixes must be unique.

For locomotive or car pick ups, the "Location" or "Track" attribute provides the track name where the rolling stock is currently residing. For set outs, the "Destination" or "Track" attribute specifies the track name where the rolling stock is to be eventually placed. The "Local Move Message Format" requires both the "Location" (where the car is) and "Destination" (where to spot the car) attributes.

The program allows you to optionally display a pick up (PickUp Msg) or set out (SetOut Msg) message based on the car type and load. See Edit Car Loads "Optional Load Messages" for more info.

### Switch List Format

You can use the same format for Manifest and switch lists, or you can customize the switch lists to your liking. Deselect the "Same as Manifest" if you want a different format for your switch lists.

### Manifests and Switch List Options

OperationsPro™ allows you to customize the text used in the train Manifest and switch lists to your liking. You can modify the Manifest or switch list text by using the "Edit Manifest Text" or "Edit Switch List Text" windows found under the Tools menu.

#### Switch List Options

The first option "By Track Summary" when selected, lists all car pick ups, set outs, and holds at a location by track and train. This summary is appended to the end of the switch list. This option is only available when you operate the switch list in Real Time.

You can include in your switch lists the train's route location comments by selecting the "Route Location" checkbox.

#### Manifests Options

There are four checkboxes that allow you to modify the content of your Manifests. They are labeled "Location", "Route", "Departure Time", and "Truncate".

Each location and the train's route can have an optional comment. The program will print these comments on your Manifest if the "Location" and "Route" checkboxes are selected respectively.

The Manifest normally shows the estimated arrival time for the train at each location worked by the train, selecting the "Departure Time" checkbox changes the format to showing the departure time. You can if you wish, print your Manifest without departure and arrival times. See Train Manifest Options for details.

The next option is "Truncate" and when selected will cause the program to reduce the amount of information printed when setting out or picking up a car at a location that also has a switch list. The idea here is that you have a location that is staffed by a crew member with a switch list and he or she will be doing the actual car pick up and set out for the train. Since the switch list contains all of the needed information with regards to where the cars are and eventually where they need to be, the train Manifest only shows which cars are being removed and added to the train.

#### Manifests and Switch List Options

There are eight checkboxes that modify both Manifests and switch lists and are as follows:

The "Print Valid" checkbox causes the program to print date and time the train was built, which isn't the same as when the Manifest was printed. The print time is always shown at the top right of the Manifest or switch list.

If you want the Manifest and switch list to show how many car loads and empties are in the train, select the "Loads and Empties" checkbox.

The default is not to show load names for caboose or passenger cars on your Manifests and switch lists, if however you want to see load names for those cars select the appropriate "Print Caboose Load" or "Print Passenger Load" checkboxes.

You can decide to use a 12 hour AM/PM rather than a 24 hour clock format for your Manifests and switch lists.

Selecting the "Show Train Schedule" prints which Train Train Schedule you are using when building your trains.

The next option is "Sort by Track". The program when creating a train Manifest normally lists the cars in the order they need to be placed into the train for proper blocking. The normal format is to list the cars in the order they will be set out as determined by the train's route, and then alphabetically by the track names for each location. You can modify the blocking order for a location by using the tool Track Blocking Order. If you would rather have the cars listed by the track name rather than blocking order, select the option "Sort by Track".

The next option is "Print Headers". When this option is selected, the train Manifests and switch list will include a header showing all of the car attributes that you've selected in the above message formats. You can customize all of the header text by selecting "Edit Manifest Header Text" under the Tools menu.

The last option is "Print Page Header". When this option is selected, the train Manifests and switch list will have on the top of each page the train description, page number, and date the page was printed.

### Manifest and Switch List Preview

If you want to use a text editor to preview your Manifests and switch lists, select this option. This option also allows you to make manual changes to your Manifests and switch lists before you print them.

### Add Logo

If you want a logo in the top right hand corner of your Manifests and switch lists, press the "Add Logo" button and select a file with the image you want to display. The supported image file extensions are .gif, .png, .jpg, plus others. You can also have a different logo for every train in your roster, see Train Manifest Options for details. If the Manifest or switch list text intrudes on your logo, you can adjust the start of the text by creating train comments for Manifests, and switch list comments for a location.

### Misplaced Cars Comment

OperationsPro™ provides a comment for your crew to search for misplaced cars. You can modify the comment to your liking. Full scale railroads unfortunately misplace cars as part of their operations, so having a few cars in the wrong place on your railroad is very prototypical. Save time and effort and let your operators find those misplaced cars for you.

### Hazardous Comment

The program will add the "Hazardous Comment" to the Manifests and switch lists when a car has the Hazardous checkbox selected in the "Car Edit" window and the "Hazardous" message format is selected in the Manifest Print Options. You can change the comment if desired, and press "Save" to keep the change.

### Manifest Print Options Tools

The menu bar of the "Manifest Print Options" provides additional features that can be found under "Tools". The first "More Print Options" allows you to adjust the length of the tab character when using the "Tabular" feature. The next three options "Edit Manifest Header Text", "Edit Manifest Text" and "Edit Switch List Text" allows you to modify any of the text found in a Manifest or switch list. Each text line used by the program is shown along with a text box with the same message. Edit the text box to change the default message to your liking and press "Save" to complete your change. You can always return the text to the original settings by pressing the "Reset" button followed by "Save".

Some of the text messages allow substitutions using the format "{number}". The program provides a tool tip when hovering over the text box which shows the available substitutions for that particular message.

You can also modify the color of the text by adding the color control text <FONT color="red"> at the start of the line, where "red" is the color text you want. Complete the color change by placing </FONT> at the end of the line.

## Build Report Options

From the "Operations->Settings->Tools" or "Operations->Trains->Tools" menu select "Build Report Options" to open the build report options window.

The program when building a train produces a build report for that train. The report contains details with regards to how the train was built and the various choices the program made when assigning cars to the train.

You can adjust the amount of information that the build report will show. Select one of the four levels using the radio buttons in the Build Report Options window. The program when generating the build reports stores the "Very Detailed" information to a file. The radio buttons control how much of that data is actually printed. The "Minimal" radio button provides the least amount of information and "Very Detailed" provides the most. If you're only interested why a train won't build, the "Minimal" setting might provide you with this information. The "Normal" setting shows the train's route and requirements, along with the choices the program makes for setting out locomotives and cars. The "Detailed" provides additional comments about the build and shows which cars were added to the train. The "Very Detailed" setting produces the most pages, and will show why cars are excluded from the train, and why they are not picked up or set out. Be sure and press "Save" after changing the build report selection.

For most users, the "Very Detailed" setting is the most appropriate when reading a train's build report. For information on the content of the build report please see Build Reports.

You also have the option of using a text editor to view your build report. A text editor can make trouble shooting a problem much easier for you. For example, say you have a car that isn't moving. Using the editor's find feature, you could search the build report using the car's road number and quickly find why the car isn't being picked up by the train. One of the tricks when using a text editor is to increase the number of characters per line by reducing the font size specified in the Build Report Options window.

The build report options window can also control the amount of information provided with regards to routing a car with a custom load or final destination. If you're not using schedules, leave the "Router Detail Level" option set to "Normal". You can change this option from "Normal" to "Detailed" or "Very Detailed" when you want to understand why a certain train or trains won't route a car. This set of radio buttons works differently than the "Detail Level" radio buttons in that it controls the amount of information created during the train build process. You will quickly find that the "Detailed" and "Very Detailed" modes can create many extra lines of text in the build report, and unless you have a routing issue, it is best to keep the "Router Detail Level" set to "Normal".

## Reset Database

To reset the operation database and remove all operation files, use the "Reset Database" option on the "Tools" menu of the Operations Settings window. An automatic backup copy of the current operation files will be made before deleting the main files. The results will be that the settings, cars, locomotives, locations, and trains files will be purged. Note that after this is done and JMRI restarts, the "Operations" menu item on the main menu will no longer be visible, as there are no operations files to load. If you want to once again use the operations feature, you can either load the demo files or restore a previous backup. To do this, open the Operations Settings page by selecting the "Settings" option in the Tools->Operations menu of the main page. From there you can do either a restore or a load of the demo files in the usual way.

## Locations

Locations are places on your railroad that trains visit to pick up or set out cars and locomotives. Locations can be cities, towns, stations, or just places where trains need to work cars. Select "Tools->Operations->Locations" to add or edit the locations on your railroad.

The "Locations" window shows all of the places that your trains can work. For each location the window shows the type of tracks at that location, the total length of all tracks at that location, the amount of track used by your rolling stock, the quantity of rolling stock, and the number of pick ups and set outs of your rolling stock that are scheduled for that location. The Yardmaster button produces a window (Switch List) that allows you to see the scheduled pick ups and set outs by train. Only trains that have work for the location are available.

### Add or Edit Location

To add a location, press the "Add" button located at the bottom of the "Locations" window. A new window should appear. To edit an existing location, press the "Edit" button for the location.

In the "Add Location" window, enter the name of the location in the field labeled "Name". The location name must be unique; the program will not allow two locations with identical names. However, if you want more than one location to have the "same" name for your Manifests and switch lists, add a hyphen and a number to the locations name, or a hyphen and a left parenthesis. For example, "Boston-1", "Boston-2" and "Boston-(example)" will print as "Boston". The program will remove the hyphen and number, and hyphen and text when there's a left parenthesis when printing Manifests and switch lists. Note that the "hyphen" feature also works for track names.

Now press the "Add Location" button at the bottom of the window. The various fields that were disabled should now appear.

Each location can have several yard, spur, classification/interchange or staging tracks. Yards are where cars and locomotives are placed for temporary storage. A spur can be an industry or any place where a car is loaded or unloaded. A classification/interchange track is used to exchange cars between trains, or to create a classification yard which is used to build trains. Staging tracks represent distant locations where trains can travel between to service the layout.

For a train to service a location, there must be at least one track for that location. See below for more information on how to add tracks to your location.

The tables show the length of the tracks, the amount of track that is occupied (Used) by cars and locomotives, the amount of track that is reserved, the total number of cars and locomotives (Rolling Stock) at each location, the number of cars and locomotives that will be picked up (Pick ups) by trains, and the number of cars and locomotives that will be delivered (Set outs) by trains. When the program is building a train, the reserved value shows the amount of track that is going to be consumed by set outs. In aggressive mode, the reserved value also shows the amount of track that is going to be released by pick ups. Therefore a positive value means that track space is going to be consumed by set outs, and a negative number means that track space is going to be freed up by pick ups.

#### Location Service Direction

You can decide which train direction the location can service. For example, if only east bound trains can access the location select "East" and deselect the other directions. This can be useful if you want to only support trailing point switching for a given location. If a location can support multiple directions then select the ones that are appropriate.

#### Railroad Division

The railroad divisions feature allows you to create prototypical car movements for your railroad. Cars with a home division are routed to their destinations and move with "purpose". To use this feature first create and then select at least one division for your railroad by using the "Add" button in the "Division" section of the "Edit Location" window. You can assign multiple locations to the same division, and you can create several divisions for your railroad. Cars that are assigned a home division will return to the yard or staging at their home division when their load state becomes empty. If the program can't find a home division yard or staging for the empty car, it will try to send the car directly to an industry (spur) at the car's home division. Cars with a home division will also return to an industry (spur) or staging at their home division when loaded from an industry or staging outside of their home division. Cars loaded at their home division can travel to any industry or staging on the railroad. The program will use interchange tracks to route the cars to yards, industries or staging that require multiple trains.

When setting up railroad divisions, it is best if there's at least one division yard for empty cars to migrate to, and at least one industry (spur) to service cars loaded outside of the division. Staging can be used as a substitute for industries.

Adding divisions to locations and home divisions to cars creates prototypical movement, but it can also reduce car movement since the rules for car movement have to be enforced by the program. It is recommended that you start off by only providing a home division to a limited number of cars and then determine if the restricted car movements meet your expectations. Prototypical car movement doesn't necessarily mean better for model railroads.

#### Location Rolling Stock

You can control the rolling stock a location can service. Press the "Clear All" button to deselect all types, or "Select All" to select all types, then select or deselect the rolling stock you wish the location to accept. After configuring the tracks for a location, you can use the "Auto Select" button to have the location reflect the rolling stock serviced by the various tracks. See Edit Car Attributes to add or delete car type names that a location can service. You can also access the "Edit Car Attributes" window from the edit location "Tools" menu by selecting Edit Car Type.

#### Location Comment

You can enter an optional comment for your location. If you want the comment to print on your Manifests you must select the print location comments option.

### Yardmaster

The Yardmaster window provides the real time version of a switch list. To see the work for all trains visiting a location, press the "Yardmaster" button in the locations window. The Yardmaster window also allows you to modify a built train.

### Location Tools

From the "Tools" menu found in "Edit Location" window you can access several useful functions. The first is "Copy Track".

#### Copy Track

The copy track tool allows you to select an existing track and create a new track with the same attributes as the original. You can also transfer all of the rolling stock from the original track to the new track, and if you wish, delete the copied track. Select the operations you want and then press the "Copy" button to create a new track, move cars and locos, and delete the original track. If you're pleased with the results, press the "Save" button to make your copy permanent.

When using the copy track feature, it is recommended that you reset or terminate any built trains as the copy track will not transfer rolling stock from a track that has a scheduled pick up or set out from a built train. This restriction also applies to deleting the original track.

#### Change Track Type

The next tool is "Change Track Type". This tool allows you to change all of the tracks at this location to the same type. Available track types are spur, yard, classification/interchange or staging. You can also change the track type for a specific track, see Change Track Type for a track.

#### Show Track Moves

The "Show Track Moves" tool adds a column called "Moves" to the "Edit Location" table. The "Moves" column displays the number of times a car or engine was given the destination of this track during a train build. Tracks with lower move counts are checked first by the program when determining which track to select during the train build process. You can modify the "Moves" count for a track by double clicking on the cell in the table and entering a new value. Note that the program will reset all track move counts for a location when a new track is added to that location. To remove the "Moves" column from the table, simply select the "Show Track Moves" tool a second time.

#### Modify Location by Car Type

The tool "Modify Location by Car Type" allows you to select a car type and decide which tracks will service the car type for a location. See Modify Locations by Car Type for more info.

#### Modify Location by Car Load

The tool "Modify Location by Car Load" allows you to quickly select a car type and decide which tracks will service the car's load. Only tracks that can service the car's type are enabled.

#### Track Blocking Order

The program when creating Manifest and switch lists will block the cars in the train by destination (route blocking order) and then alphabetically by the track names at the destination. If you want to change the order tracks are serviced at a location for car set outs, use the location tool "Track Blocking Order" to adjust the order tracks are presented on Manifests and switch lists. The "Order" number controls how tracks are presented, lower numbered tracks are printed first for Westbound and Northbound trains, and higher numbered tracks are printed first for Eastbound and Southbound trains. Use any blocking order number greater than zero when using this feature.

Note that this feature controls the set outs for a location. Car pick ups at a location are blocked by their next destination and then alphabetically by track name or by the track blocking order at the destination if one was created for that destination.

The "Reset" button returns the blocking order to the original defaults which is an alphabetical listing of tracks at a location. The "Set Order" button gives each track a unique order number, and will also reorder existing order numbers if there are any that aren't unique. The "Up" and "Down" buttons in the table require unique track blocking numbers for them to work.

This feature is disabled if the option to show Sort by Track is enabled.

#### Show Trains Servicing this Location

This tool can show you which trains can service a location. If you only want to see trains that can can actually work the location, deselect the "Show all Trains" checkbox. You can also determine if a certain car type will be serviced by the trains visiting the location. Use the "Type" drop down menu to select a car type.

#### Edit Car Type

This tool opens the car attribute window for car types. This allows you the add, delete, or replace a car type name. See Edit Car Attribute Names for more info.

#### Show Cars

If you only want to see cars for a location or track, select "Show Cars" from the "Tools" menu. This tool is also useful when you want to print out cars for a specific location or track. Note that the Export Cars tool will only export cars for a location or track, and the delete cars tool when only showing cars on a track, will only delete those cars.

#### Id Tag Reader at this Location

The "Id Tag Reader at this Location" dropdown allows you to add a Reporter that returns IdTags that may be associated with a car or locomotive. See Options to enable this feature.

### Yards

A yard is used to store cars and locomotives. A car's load status does not change when delivered to a yard track. To add a yard, select the "Yards" radio button and then press the "Add Yard Track" button in the Edit Location window.

Now enter the name of the yard along with the length of the track in scale feet or in actual inches. Append a double quote (") to the length when entering actual inches and the program will convert the length into scale feet. Append cm if you want to convert from centimeters to scale meters. If you don't want the program to load your yard to capacity with cars or locomotives, enter a smaller value for the track length. This can be useful for large yards where track space for switching cars is needed. Press the "Add Yard Track" button at the bottom of the window and the disabled fields should now appear.

#### Track Service Direction

You can decide which train direction the track can service. For example, if only east bound trains can access the track select "East" and deselect the other directions. This can be useful if you want to only support trailing point switching for a specific track. If a track can support multiple directions then select the ones that are appropriate.

#### Rolling Stock Serviced

You can control what type of rolling stock the yard can service. Note that the yard rolling stock is restricted to the ones that the location can service. If the rolling stock that you wish doesn't appear for a yard, confirm that the location's rolling stock types are properly selected. If the rolling stock type you want doesn't exist for a location, you will have to create the type using the Edit Car Attribute Names window which is also available from the edit location "Tools" menu Edit Car Type.

#### Road and Load Options

You can control which car roads and loads your yard can service from the "Tools" menu. See Road Options and Load Options for more info.

#### Pick Up Car Order

There are three options for picking up cars from the yard. "Normal" uses the car's move count to determine the order cars are removed from the yard, "FIFO" (First In First Out), and "LIFO" (Last In First Out). FIFO would be appropriate for a double ended track where cars are spotted at one end, and pulled from the other. LIFO is useful if you have a single ended yard that you use to service cars. For example storing empty coal cars, it would make more sense to pull an empty coal car from the front of the line rather than digging one out from the middle of the yard.

#### Comment

You can enter an optional comment for the yard. This comment doesn't appear on your Manifests or switch lists.

#### Save Yard Track

Press the "Save Yard Track" to save your work. The program will create a file (OperationsLocationRoster.xml) in your JMRI directory in a folder called "operations". The program will also create a backup file containing the last settings for all of your locations.

### Spurs

A spur is used to service an industry. To add a spur, select the "Spurs" radio button and then press the "Add Spur Track" button in the Edit Location window. Spurs are very similar to Yards , so see above for more information. When entering the length of the spur, enter the length of the cars that will service the industry plus the coupler lengths. For example, let's say you have an industry that can service two 50' boxcars, the track length in this case is 100' plus 8' for the couplers (4' for each car), for a total of 108'. You could optionally round up the length to 110' or more.

When a car is placed at a spur the car's load status is modified. The program provides two load names for all cars, the default empty or "E", and the default load or "L". If a car has one of these loads when it arrives at a spur, the load name will change to the other, i.e. "E" becomes "L" and "L" becomes "E". If a car has a custom load, it too will be replaced by the default empty "E" when the program sets a car out to a spur. You can also configure your car to return to a specific location or track when the car's load is removed, and optionally change the car's default "E" load to a custom empty load. See Return When Empty and Return When Loaded for more details.

A spur needs a schedule to receive a car with a custom load, unless the car is shipped from another spur that has a schedule.

You can if you want, control which trains or routes can pick up or set out cars to your spurs. If you do restrict which trains or routes can pull cars from a track, you must also restrict the track's car types, loads, and roads to the same ones that your trains can service, otherwise you can have cars stranded on the track.

You can if you wish schedule the order that cars will be delivered to a spur, or demand cars with certain loads. See Schedules below for more information.

#### Restricting Track to Certain Trains or Routes

If you wish to limit which trains or train routes are allowed to service to your spur, change the "Select trains or routes for set outs" or "Select trains or routes for pick up" from "Any" to one of the four options in the edit spur window. The "Trains" option allows you build a list of trains can set out or pick up from the track. The "Routes" option allows you to build a list of train routes that can service the track. If you only want to prevent certain trains or routes from serving the track select the "Exclude Trains" or "Exclude Routes" options.

If you restrict a track to certain trains or train routes, the table in the Edit Location window for that track will have an additional column called "Restrictions". If you've built a list of trains or routes that can only set out cars to the track, you will see "SO" followed by the number of trains or routes that are allowed to place cars onto that track. For car pickup restrictions, you will see "PU" followed by the number of trains or routes that are allowed to pull cars from that track. A small "x" appears before the number if you built of list of train or route exclusions for that track.

### Schedules

If you would like to see cars delivered in a particular sequence, or with a specific load for delivery or shipping, the program allows you to apply a schedule to a spur. This is an optional feature and shouldn't be used until you become very familiar with how the program generates Manifests and switch lists. A schedule provides very fine control on the order types of cars will be delivered to a spur. You can specify the car type, when it can be delivered, the car's road and load. You can also decide the car's new load, destination, and when the car is to be picked up. For example, if you wanted two SP boxcars to be delivered followed by a tank car loaded with "Oil", you can create a schedule that will do exactly that.

You should note that adding schedules and custom loads is an optional feature and isn't needed for good car movement, and in most cases will reduce car movement. So if you want the most car movement don't use schedules or custom loads. This feature is here for those that want specific car movement and custom loads. You also don't have to have schedules for all of your spurs / industries, you can be selective and only add them to the spurs that you believe need them.

To create a schedule press the "Add" button next to "Optional Schedule" pull down menu in the Edit Spur Track window. Pressing the "Add" button should create the "Add Schedule" window.

Enter a name for your schedule and press the "Add Schedule" button at the bottom of the window. Now add your first delivery for this spur by selecting a car type in the menu box found in the lower left corner of the window and pressing the "Add car type" button. A new item should appear in your schedule containing the type of car, pull down menus for random, delivery, road, loads, destinations, and pickup. The schedule item also includes "Count" of 1 in sequential mode, and a wait of 0. Leave the pull down menu item blank for any field you don't care about.

Repeat selecting the car types and pressing to "Add car type" until your have a delivery schedule you like. Press "Save Schedule" and close the schedule window when you are done. Note only car types that are serviced by this spur are available. If a car type isn't shown, check the car types serviced for the spur and location.

#### Schedule Sequential or Match Mode

Schedules can operate in one of two modes, "Sequential" where the order in which car types and loads arrive is important, or in "Match" mode where car type and load order isn't needed or desired. When you select sequential mode for a schedule, the program will attempt to deliver cars in the order you entered in the schedule table. Car types at the top of the table are requested first and once the last car type is delivered, the schedule resumes from the top. A pointer shows the next car type to be delivered. Select the "Sequential" radio button in the top left corner and press "Save" if car type and load delivery order is as desired.

Match mode eliminates the sequential aspects of a schedule. In match mode, the program when building a train will search the entire schedule to find a car type, delivery day, and receive load that matches the car that the program is trying to place. In match mode the pointer shows the last car type that the program found acceptable for the spur. To change the schedule to match mode, select "Match" in the edit schedule window and press "Save". Match mode is useful when the order cars arrive isn't important, but you still want to receive or ship cars with a specific load, provide the car's final destination, or have the car wait for a specific number of trains or pickup day. In match mode the schedule item "Count" is ignored as it isn't used. Instead, a "Hit" count is provided. The program increments the hit count for a schedule item each time it finds a match, and plans on sending the car to that spur because of the match. In match mode, all of the schedule item fields are available, and you can have the same type of car several times, with each item in the schedule looking for a specific receive load or delivery date. Also in match mode the car type selection box advances automatically to the next car type when adding a car type. This makes it easy to quickly add car types to the table.

#### Schedule Line Items

Each car type entered in a schedule has optional line items controlled by the various pull down menus. You can leave all of the line items blank if you want to keep things simple and have the program only consider the car types being delivered. All line items are optional and you can selectively choose the one's you want to use.

##### Random

The first option is the "Random" value, which allows you to create some randomness to the schedule. If you select a value of 15, it means that the item has a 15 percent chance of being selected if all of the other criteria for the schedule item was met, and there was track space available for the car. This feature is useful for a RIP track where you would want cars to be randomly sent to the repair facility. For example, a random value of 2 would mean that roughly 1 in 50 cars could be sent the to RIP track.

##### Delivery

Select from the "Delivery" pull down menu the train schedule (day) when you want the car delivered, or leave it blank if a car can be delivered at any time. When a train schedule (day) is selected for either delivery or pickup, a car will only be serviced when that train schedule (day) is active. See Trains -> Tools -> Train Schedules to select the train schedule (day) for your session.

##### Road

You can if you wish specify a particular "Road" for the type of car you entered, or leave it blank if you don't care about the road name. Note only car roads that are accepted by this spur are shown. To review which car roads are available see the road options for this spur.

##### Receive

You can optionally specify the car load received. Leaving the "Receive" field blank allows any load to be received by the spur/industry. The "Receive" pull down menu will only show the loads that the spur can service for that particular car type. To review which car loads are available see the load options for this spur.

##### Ship

You can optionally specify the car load shipped. When the "Ship" field is blank, the program will place the car's Return When Empty or Return When Loaded if specified, otherwise the program will use the default empty "E" or default load "L". See Spurs for how the program deals with the default loads.

##### Destination and Track

You can decide where a car is to be sent after being serviced by the spur/industry. Use the "Destination" field to tell the program where the car is to be delivered. If you want to car delivered to a specific track at the destination, select the track you want under the "Track" field. Only destination tracks that can accept the car type are shown in the track pull down menu. The destination loaded by a schedule is shown as the car's Final Destination in the various car windows.

##### Pickup

Select under "Pickup" when you want the car pulled from the spur. When a train schedule (day) is selected for either delivery or pickup, a car will only be serviced when that train schedule (day) is active. See Trains -> Tools -> Train Schedules to select the train schedule (day) for your session.

##### Count

If you wanted the same car type to be delivered consecutively in sequential mode, increase the "Count" to the number that you wish. The maximum count is 100 and the minimum is 1. For example, a count of 3 is equal to entering the exact same schedule item three times in a row.

##### Wait

The "Wait" field allows you determine how many trains will try to service the spur before picking up the car. Useful if you want a car to remain still for several operating sessions. Note that the car's load won't change immediately if there's a wait count. Once the wait count reaches zero, the program will switch the car load to the schedule item's ship load, or whatever is appropriate if a ship load wasn't specified. Each time a train is built that could service the car, the car's wait count is decremented.

#### Schedule Example

In the schedule shown above, the schedule is operating in sequential mode and is requesting two SP boxcars in a row with any load, then a tank car with with a load of "Oil".

Reading the entire schedule line for the two SP boxcars, it also states that there isn't a random delivery for the cars, the cars can be delivered any day of the week. The load received selection is blank meaning any load is accepted, including the default "E" and "L" loads, and all boxcar custom loads. The load shipped is also blank, therefore the ship load for the boxcars can only be the default empty "E" or default load "L". There isn't a destination for the cars, so the program can send them anywhere that is willing to accept the boxcars with their new load. And finally the cars can be picked up at any time.

The next line in the schedule is requesting a tank car with a custom load of "Oil". Reading the entire schedule line for the tank car, there isn't an random value, the car is only delivered on Mondays, the tank car's road name doesn't matter, only tank cars with "Oil" are allowed, and the new load will be the default empty or "E" since the car arrived with a custom load. And finally the car is to be sent to "Susanville", but only on Fridays.

After the tank car is delivered the schedule starts from the beginning, again requesting two SP boxcars followed by a tank car with oil.

The schedule controls when and what cars will be delivered and the car order. It makes the spur more restrictive, only cars demanded by the schedule will be delivered to the spur. Looking at the schedule you will see a pointer in the table under the heading "Current", the pointer shows the next car type that the program wants to place at the spur in sequential mode. When the program finds that car and sets the car's destination to this spur, the pointer will move the next item in the schedule. After servicing the last item in the schedule, the pointer will return to the first item in the schedule.

If you want custom loads for your cars, you can create them using the Edit Car Loads. Each new load name is associated with the car type. For example you can have "Freight" for a boxcar, and "Oil" for a tank car. The program will deliver cars with a custom load to a spur that has a schedule that also requests that particular load. However, cars with a custom load can still be placed at yards, staging, and interchanges.

You can optionally use your staging tracks to empty cars with a custom load, and you can also optionally have the program place custom loads into cars departing staging tracks. If you want to specify staging as the car's destination, you can't select a track, the program will determine which is the appropriate track in staging to use. To prevent overloading a spur with cars with custom loads from staging, the program will normally limit the number of cars "en route" to a track with a schedule to the available track space. So if you have space for three cars, the most the program would normally generate for you from staging is three cars.

#### Controlling Cars to the Spur / Industry

If you need to adjust the number of cars "en route" to a spur with a schedule, select in the edit schedule window "Tools->Options". A new window should appear with two options, the ability to control how many car loads the program will generate from staging, and if the spur has an alternate track. The first option, "Percentage of custom loads generated by staging", has a default value of 100% which means only generate enough cars to fill 100% of the available track space. If you only want half of your car loads to come from staging, set the value to 50%, and if you don't want staging to ever generate a custom load car for the spur, set the value to 0%. Sometimes it is appropriate to overload a spur with cars or have cars "en route" to the spur, if you want this, increase the value up to 1000%. BTW 1000% means send 10 times the available space in cars to this spur. If you enter this value, you hopefully have 10 times the spur's available track space in a storage yard that is near by!

#### Alternate Track

The second option under "Tools->Options" in the schedule window is the ability to specify an alternate track. The program when it finds a spur full will try to send cars to the alternate track. If you don't specify an alternate, the program will try to send cars with a custom load or final destination to a yard at that location. The alternate track feature can be used to create an "Off Spot" track for your cars. See Alternate Track or "Off Spot" below for more details.

#### Using the Same Schedule for Several Spurs

Multiple spurs can use the same schedule to perform the identical function, i.e. the spurs request exactly the same car types, roads, loads, and shipments. You can also access your schedules from the Locations "Tools" menu. The Schedules table provides status for each schedule. Since you can assign a schedule to several spurs, the table also provides additional status for each of the spurs that use that particular schedule. The table also allows you the edit a schedule once its been assigned to a spur.

A very useful tool is the show schedules by car type and load which can be found under "Tools" in the Schedules window. This tool allows you to select a car type and the car's load to quickly see which spurs with schedules will ship and receive cars with those loads.

### Purposely Moving Cars Using Schedules and Loads

You've entered all of your cars, tracks, and trains and have been playing with the program for awhile. You're happy with where the cars end up, but watching the car movements generated by the program over several sessions has you thinking that it would be nice if the car movements had a "purpose". What you would like to see is a series of car moves that mimic the prototype railroad that your modeling, or maybe you just want the cars to move in a certain sequence. Schedules and custom car loads is the trick to getting the program to do what you want.

OperationsPro™ provides every car with two loads, an "L" and "E". These are called the default load and empty respectively. You can't delete them, but you can rename them if you wish. For every car type, you can create additional loads. For example, let's say you have an industry that needs paper loaded in boxcars. You could create this custom load for your boxcars and name it "L(paper)" or just "paper". Now at the spur that serves your paper industry, you need to create a schedule. In this schedule, the first item you enter is a boxcar, and then select as the receive load, L(paper). If the train that services this industry departs from staging, you're basically done. The program when building a train from staging, will search for an empty boxcar, and if found, will create the load L(paper) for you. Once the car's load is created for that industry, the program will set the car's destination to that industry. When the car gets delivered, the program will remove the paper load, and the car's load status will become empty or "E".

That was easy, so let's make things more interesting and have the industry ship some printed materials. We'll create and call this load "L(print)". Now in the first schedule item, instead of leaving the menu under "Ship" blank, select L(print). Next to the ship menu are destination and track menus. We could select a destination that is staging. No need to select the track, just the staging location. Now when a train returns to pick up the boxcar, its load will be L(print) and when the car gets to staging, the load will be removed and the car's load status will return to empty or "E".

We could have instead of sending the car with print to staging, decided to send the car to a spur servicing a paper industry. Just select the destination and the spur/industry that you want the car go to. Even if it takes several trains to get the car there, the program will figure out the best route. Note that when the schedule specifies the ship to destination and spur, that the spur doesn't need a schedule to accept the car with the custom load "L(print)".

Now, if you created another schedule at the destination spur, you could forward the car again. By stringing a series of schedules and loads together you can create any car sequence you want.

Another interesting way to move cars is to ship a custom load, but not specify a destination. The program when it finds a car with a custom load, but no destination, will check every spur to see if there's a schedule demanding that car type with that specific load. And if there is a spur that meets the requirements, the program will route the car to that industry. But once a schedule sets up a car with a custom load without a ship to destination, that car can only move to yards, classification/interchanges, staging, and spurs with schedules. Spurs are only considered if the spur has a schedule demanding the car's type and custom load.

Another variation is to create a schedule that provides a custom load for the car, and a destination, but without the track assignment. The car will be accepted by yards, classification/interchange tracks, staging, and spurs at the destination that have a schedule that is demanding that car type and custom load. Spurs without a schedule can not service a car with a custom load, unless the car is sent directly to that spur.

One more consideration is empty cars. The program doesn't route cars with the default loads "E" or "L". So if your schedule is requesting an car with the empty default "E", it can take awhile before that car shows up. An alternative is to handle empty cars like cars with custom loads. You could create the custom load "E(mpty)" and use this load to signify an empty car. Now cars with this load will be routed and will have the same characteristics as cars with the "other" custom loads. One other option is to ask the program use a custom empty load instead of the default "E" load when removing a car's load. See Return When Empty for more information.

The examples above used custom loads to help understand car movement, you could if you wish just forward cars using schedules without the use of custom loads. Custom loads are optional and not necessary if you want to create a simple car sequence.

### Show Schedules by Car Type and Load

You can access this useful tool from the Schedules window. The Schedules window can be found under "Tools" in the Locations window. It allows you to select a car type, and then any load that you've created for the that type of car. The window then shows which schedules by location are receiving or shipping that specific car load. Selecting the "All Loads" checkbox will show you every schedule for the car type selected. Selecting the "All Types" checkbox allows you to see which loads are being serviced by your schedules. And selecting both checkboxes will list all of the schedules by car types, along with the loads received and shipped.

If you want a list of custom car loads for each of your car types, you can use the "Print Car Loads" or "Preview Car Loads" found under the "Tools" menu in the "Show schedules by car type and load" window.

### Classification/Interchange Tracks

The easiest way to create the exchange of cars between trains is to use a classification/interchange track. A classification/interchange (C/I) track can be used for classification, the movement of cars within the same railroad, and an interchange, the movement of cars between railroads. Cars dropped off to a C/I track by a train on a given route will not be picked up by any train using that same route. Another train with a different route is required to pick up the cars. This includes transferring cars from a through freight to a local switcher. For example, you might have a branch line that picks up and set out cars from a terminal. By defining the track as a classification/interchange track, once the branch line train delivers the cars, they will remain there until the main line train stops to service the classification/interchange track. Same goes for a local switcher, cars dropped off at a location with a C/I track will remain there until the local moves them to the spur tracks. When the local pulls cars for the spur and places them on the C/I track, they will remain there until the main line train pulls them.

The car's load status does not change when placed at a classification/interchange track.

If you want more control on how your classification/interchange track will operate, you can optionally specify which trains or train routes can pick up or set out cars. If you restrict which trains or routes can pull cars from a classification/interchange track, you must also restrict the track's car types, loads, and roads to the same ones that the train services, otherwise you can have cars stranded on the classification/interchange track.

You can if you wish control which destinations your C/I track can service. You can access Track Destinations from the "Tools" menu.

The build report will provide a list of cars on the C/I track that were previously set out by a train using the same route, or aren't allowed to be pulled due to restrictions that you've added. The build report uses the term "Excluded" when detailing which cars can't be pulled from the C/I track.

Given the complexity of this type of track, it is strongly recommended that you not use classification/interchange tracks until you get comfortable with how the program builds trains and you've read and can understand the train build reports.

### How to Create a Classification Yard

A classification yard is used to sort cars into various destinations or trains. Normally a yard track is assigned to a specific destination or train and cars are delivered to that track until a train comes along to pull the cars. To create a working classification yard, you don't need schedules or custom loads for your cars.

To create a classification yard sorted by trains, you need to assign a classification/interchange track to each of the trains that will depart your yard. For each track, allow any train to set out cars, but assign only one train to pick them up. You should configure the classification track to service the same car types, loads and roads that the train services, otherwise you could end up with stranded cars. When sorting cars in a yard by train, some use the label "Cars for train XYZ" as the track name.

You can also create a classification yard that sorts cars by destinations. Again using the C/I track type, there's an option under tools in the edit track window to set Track Destinations. So for example if your classification yard serviced four destinations, you could create four tracks, one for each destination, and the program would sort cars in your yard to each of those destinations for you. With regards to the track name, some folks would use a track name similar to "Cars to Boston" for cars going to Boston. You can if you wish break down any destination to trains that serve that destination, really up to you how you want to sort your cars.

Note that it is okay to create more classification tracks or "virtual tracks" then there are physical tracks in your classification yard. The cars can share common tracks until its time to finally sort them into their various destinations or trains. You can also use the Track Pools feature to share the track space in your yard.

### How to Exchange Cars Between Through Freight and Local Switcher

If you would like your through freight to set out and pull cars to a track and have a local move them to and from the various industries at that location, you would use an classification/interchange (C/I) track to make the exchange. Create a C/I track that only services the type of cars that the local industries can use when delivering cars to the spur tracks. Deselect all the track direction controls for the tracks that will only be serviced by the local switcher. Now when you build the through freight, you should see that the manifest only shows cars being pulled or set out to the C/I track for that location. One issue if you not using schedules and customs loads, is that cars are randomly placed on the C/I track, meaning that if an industry need a certain type of car it might not be delivered to the C/I track. One way to fix this problem is to create multiple C/I tracks for that location, and restrict them to certain types of cars. For example, say a location's industries could use two boxcars, and one tank car. You would create two C/I tracks, one would be the length of two boxcars, and only allow boxcars, the other would only allow tank cars, and would be the length of one tank car. Each C/I track could have the "same" name using the hyphen feature, for example you could name the C/I boxcar track "Yard-(boxcars)", and the tank car track "Yard-(tank cars)". Both tracks would print as "Yard" on Manifests and switch lists. And finally to facilitate the exchange of cars from the spur tracks to the through freight, create another C/I track that only accepts set outs from the local switcher. The other solution is to use the Planned Pick Ups feature for both spur tracks.

### Staging Tracks

Staging tracks are normally used to represent locations that generate traffic to and from your layout. Many times physical access to staging tracks is limited, therefore the program places significant restrictions on how staging tracks are used. A "staging track" holds one complete train. Once a train arrives on a staging track, the cars and locomotives remain together until the train departs the staging track. The program never modifies a train sitting on a staging track. In order for a train to depart staging, the program must find new locations for all of the locomotives and cars sitting on the staging track. No locos or cars can be left behind.

Due to the complexity of staging tracks, it is strongly recommended that you not use staging tracks until you become comfortable with how the program builds trains including the ability to read the train's build report.

If this is your first time using a computer program to create car movements, it is recommended that you enter a minimum of two staging locations for your operations, and have your train depart from one and terminate into the other. For example, say your trains run east and west. It is best if you create "East Staging" and "West Staging" and have your trains travel from say west staging, on to your layout, do some work, and then terminate into east staging, and vice versa. It is also better to name your staging after real locations. So for example, you might want to model the cities of Springfield and Worcester and have trains come from New York and Boston to service your layout. In this case, New York and Boston are west and east staging respectively. Note that the staging tracks for New York and Boston can be the same physical location on your layout, we just need the two staging names so our train Manifests look more prototypical. Note that if you use only one staging location that the program doesn't normally allow cars to travel from staging and return to the same staging location. If you want the program to allow this type of operation, see Settings->Tools->Options

A staging track allows you to have all cars and locomotives in a train delivered to one track. When terminating a train into staging, the program will search for a completely empty track, one with no locomotives or cars. The staging track by default must also service all of the train's car and locomotive types and roads. Trains can not share staging tracks; the program will only place one train per track. When departing a location with a staging track, all cars and locomotives on one track will be assigned to the train. A location can have multiple staging tracks, but can't have any other types of tracks, spurs, yards, etc. Staging tracks can be at the start of a route, the end of the route, or both. Staging tracks in the middle of a route are ignored by the program.

Note if you are running a train to and from the same staging location using the normal build mode, you must define two staging tracks for the program, one to depart on and one to return on. Physically the two staging tracks can be the same one. If you want to use the same name for your staging tracks, the program allows you to name the staging tracks using a hyphen and a number as a suffix. The hyphen and number are not printed on the switch lists or Manifests. If you're using aggressive mode for building trains, you can configure the program to allow the train to return to the same staging track that the train departed on.

If you require a train leaving staging to have a certain number of locomotives, locomotive model, or road; the program will search all staging tracks at the departure location for a train meeting those requirements. If you set the locomotive requirements to 0, the program will select the next available train from staging; and will ignore the number of locomotives leaving that staging track. See Optional Train Requirements for more info.

You can also control the number of cars and the train's length when departing staging. See Departing Staging Route for more info.

You can if you wish, optionally control which staging tracks a train will arrive on and depart. Note that the default "Any" allows any train to arrive or depart on the staging track, so if you want to restrict a train to a specific track or tracks, you must configure all of the staging tracks at that location.

You can as an option, have the program ask you which track you want to use when departing from, or arriving into staging.

### Staging and Car loads

Staging tracks can optionally swap the car default loads from empty to loaded, and loaded to empty. Select the "Swap default loads and empties" if you want your cars loads to change when arriving at the staging track. You can if you want, ask the program to empty cars as they enter staging. Select the "Empty cars with default loads" to change a car's load status to empty. If you're using custom loads, you can remove the custom load when the cars arrive at the staging track. Select the "Empty cars with custom loads" box if you want to replace your custom loads with the default empty.

OperationsPro™ provides three options for placing custom loads into empty cars when they depart staging. The first option is called "Generate custom loads for spurs serviced by this train". If this option is selected, the program will only check spurs with schedules along the departure train's route. If the second option is selected, "Generate custom loads for any spur (multiple trains)", the program will check all spurs with a schedule for a request, and try to route the car with a custom load to that spur. For a spur to request a custom load, the spur must have a schedule. The program when determining how many car loads to generate, will consider the value in the Percentage of custom loads generated by staging. Also, if the spur is full or becomes full, the program will send cars to the spur's Alternate Track if there's one specified, and then to any yard tracks at the spur's location.

Both options work the same with regards to placing custom car loads into empty cars, only the number of spurs considered by the program changes. If a schedule demands a certain car type, and that car type is departing staging, and the car's load is default empty, the program will place the custom load into that car if one of the two options is selected.

The third option "Generate custom loads for any staging track" will try and place custom loads into your empty cars by searching for destinations that are staging tracks. The program will randomly search for a staging track that isn't located at the train's departure location. If the program does find a staging track, it will then randomly assign a custom load that is serviced by the train, the train's staging departure track and the car's destination staging track. Next the program will determine if the car can be routed to destination staging track using the assigned custom load. If the staging track is reachable, the program will in addition to placing the custom load in the car, set the car's final destination to the location where the staging track resides.

To restrict which car loads the program will generate for you when departing staging, use the Load Options under "Tools" in the "Edit Staging Track" window, and adjust the "Select loads shipped from this track" to your liking. You can also control which types of loads the program will place in your cars by restricting the types of loads the train departing from staging is allowed to service. To control which loads a train will service, select under the "Edit Train" window menu "Tools" then Train Load Options.

You can also control which loads your staging tracks will accept. Again use the Load Options for a staging track, and adjust the "Select loads serviced by this track" to control which car loads are allowed into staging.

You can control which destinations are valid out of staging by using the Track Destinations window found under "Tools".

### Blocking Cars from Staging

OperationsPro™ provides a very simplistic algorithm to block cars from staging. Since cars that have been sent to staging can reside anywhere in the train, the program uses the last location where the cars where picked up to block an outgoing train from staging. So for example, if a train that terminated into staging had three stops, A, B, and C, the cars from A would be blocked together when the next train departed staging. The same goes for previous pick ups from B and C, those cars would remain together. The program when attempting to find destinations for the cars departing staging, starts with the largest block of cars, and then checks the departure train's route, and attempts to send the largest block to the location requesting the most moves. After doing that, the program does the same with the next block of cars, it finds the second location in the route and sends the cars there. This is a very simplistic approach to blocking cars, it assumes that cars previously picked up at a location were placed into the train as a group. This blocking feature doesn't consider where in the train the cars are, as some crew members when picking up cars, will add the cars to any part of the train. So the first stop in the departure train's route may not have the cars at the head of the train, but they should be in a group, somewhere in the train. To enable this feature, see Edit Staging Track, "Optional Car Blocking" in the lower right corner of the window. There are many reasons why this option will not block cars correctly. See the train's build report for more details.

This feature is disabled if you've decided to generate custom loads for your cars out of staging.

### Looping Trains through Staging

Sometimes for operations a train enters staging at one location (call it A) and then later departs at another location (call it B). From an operations perspective locations A and B are locations not directly connected by trains. So we need to relocate locomotives and cars from location A to B so the train's Manifest can make sense. One way to do this is to terminate the train into staging at location A. Then create a "virtual" train that simply moves the cars from location A staging to location B staging. Doing this causes the program to "move" the train and its cars from A to B which is really the same physical track. Later you can build a train that departs location B, and the Manifest will show that the train originated from B and not A.

You can automate the restaging of a train by creating a script that is activated when the train is terminated into staging.

### Off Layout Storage / Staging

Some lucky folks have more locomotives and cars than track on their layout and want the program to gather rolling stock from storage boxes to build trains from staging. One way to do this is to create a "five finger" route for a train that will visit your storage boxes, and pull cars from each of the boxes to create a train. This train's route can depart and terminate to one of your existing staging locations, this way the train also returns rolling stock to your storage boxes. Some storage boxes only fit a certain number of cars, you can control how many cars a box can hold by creating the right number of tracks of a certain length for the box. The "copy" location and track features make the creation of storage boxes a bit easier.

### Track Tools

You can access some very useful tools for your tracks from the tools menu when editing a track.

#### Load Options

You can restrict which car loads a track can service. Under "Tools" in the menu, Select "Load Options". In the "Edit Track Load Options" window select "Accept only" if you want to build a list of car load names that the track will accept. Select "Exclude" if you want to build a list of car load names that you want to exclude from the track. There's also an option to associate the loads to a particular type of car that the track will service. Select the "Use car type and load" if you want this feature. To add a load name or car type and load name to the load list, select the load name or combo you want, and then press the "Add Load" button. To remove a load name from the list, select the load name you want to remove, and press "Delete Load". "Delete All" will remove all load names from the load list.

If you decide to restrict a track to certain loads, the table in the Edit Location window for that track will have an additional column called "Loads". If you've built a list of loads that can be accepted by the track, you will see "A" followed by the number of loads that are accepted by that track. If you've built a list of loads that the track will not allow, you will see "E" and the number of loads that you want to exclude from this track.

Note that load restrictions for a spur will not create demand for that type of car and load. Other than the default car loads of "E" and "L", you'll need Schedules for your spurs to create demand for cars with custom loads.

##### Spur Option

In the "Edit Track Load Options" window spurs have the additional option "Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full" and this option is used to restrict car movement. When this option is selected, cars with custom loads are only routed to spurs with schedules demanding the car's custom load. When the program finds a car with a custom load but without a final destination, it will search all spurs for a schedule that is demanding that car's type and load, and if found will route the car there. If all spurs are full and the option "Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full" is selected for any spur with an alternate track demanding that car's custom load, the program will only move the car when one of the spurs can accept a new car, i.e. the spur is no longer full. If however the option "Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full" isn't selected for all of the spur/schedules demanding the car's custom load, the program will attempt to move the car to another location, which can be staging.

You can have the program ignore the "Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full" feature described above by selecting the Send cars with custom load to staging option for a train.

#### Road Options

You can also restrict which roads a track can service. Under "Tools" in the menu, Select "Road Options". In the "Edit Track Road Options" window select "Accept only" if you want to build a list of roads that the track will accept. Select "Exclude" if you want to build a list of roads that you want to exclude from the track. To add a road to the road list, select the road you want, and then press the "Add Road" button. To remove a road from the list, select the road you want to remove, and press "Delete Road". "Delete All" will remove all roads from the road list.

If you decide to restrict a track to certain roads, the table in the Edit Location window for that track will have an additional column called "Roads". If you've built a list of roads that can be accepted by the track, you will see "A" followed by the number of roads that are accepted by that track. If you've built a list of roads that the track will not service, you will see "E" and the number of roads that you want to exclude from this track.

#### Manifest Comments

You can optionally add a comment to your Manifest or switch lists when a pick up, set out, or pickup and set out occurs to a track. Only one of the three messages will be added to your paperwork when there's work for the selected track. The checkboxes at the bottom of the window allow you to decide which paperwork gets the comment.

You can also select the color of the text for each of the comments using the color selector to the right of the text message.

#### Track Pools

OperationsPro™ allows you to "pool" a set of tracks at a location. Tracks in a pool share their track lengths with each other. This is useful if you've divided a location into track segments and you want each segment to adjust its length based on the program's demands. To create and place a track into a pool, select Tools->Pools in one of the track edit windows. Enter a name for your pool and press the "Add" button. You can also specify the minimum length for the track. A minimum track length prevents the other tracks in the pool from acquiring all of the track's length. Next select a pool name for the track and press "Save". The bottom of the pool window will show the other tracks that are in the track's pool. The program on restart, will automatically delete any pools that aren't assigned to a track.

A "pool" can be used to share track space with two or more industries. For example, let's say you have a spur that services two industries, and it can hold four 50' cars, or is roughly 220' feet long. Now you could enter into operations a track length of say 110' for industry 1, and another 110' for industry 2. The program could set out up to two cars on each of the tracks serving each industry.

But let's say you want to have up to four cars sent to either industry. If you "pool" the two industry tracks, the program can borrow space from the other industry if needed. So now the program could set out up to four cars at each industry, but no more than four cars total.

If you don't set a minimum, then one industry could hog all of the track. By entering a minimum of say 55' for each industry, it means that the most any one industry is going to get is three cars. There will always be space available for at least one car at each industry. Note that the maximum number of cars in all cases is four. It is only how the cars are distributed that changes when entering a minimum.

Another use of a "pool" is with regard to schedules. For the power user, you might find that a single schedule assigned to a spur doesn't quite do what you want. But if the track could have several schedules, it would do what is needed. By entering multiple spurs with schedules shared via a pool, you can create any car sequence imaginable for your industry.

#### Track Pool Example

The following describes one way to use the track pool feature. Say you have an industry with three loading doors that was originally designed to service 40' boxcars. You could tell the program that each door is a spur with a length of 44'. This would force the program to only place 40' or smaller boxcars at each door. But what if you wanted to also accept 50' cars. By pooling the three tracks together, a larger boxcar could steal space from one of the other doors. However, placing two 50' boxcars at adjacent doors doesn't work, but you could place two 50' boxcars at the two end doors, but the center door can't be used when either end door is serving a 50' boxcar. To do this you would pool all three "door" tracks, and set the minimum track length for the two end doors to 44'. Now the program can only steal space from the center door. Placing a 50' boxcar at either end door, prevents the program from placing a car at the center door. If a 40' boxcar is first placed at the center door, only 40' cars are then allowed at the end doors.

#### Alternate Track or "Off Spot"

You can add an alternate track to a spur from the "Tools" menu accessed from either the edit spur or the edit schedule windows. The program when it finds a spur full will send cars to the track you specify as the alternate track. The alternate track feature can be used to create an "Off Spot" track for your cars. Once you specify a track as an alternate, only cars destined for the spur will be placed on the alternate track. You can also use the same alternate track for several spurs. Normally the alternate track is a yard track type, but you can also use an interchange, or spur type track if you want more control over the car's movement or load.

During the train build process in aggressive mode, the program will check the alternate track for cars after assigning cars from the spur to the train being built. This way cars on the alternate are used to keep the spur full. Note that the Planned Pick Ups feature can defeat the movement of cars from the alternate to the spur, so it is recommended that you don't use both features for a spur.

Adding an alternate track will normally increase the number of cars that the program routes to a spur / schedule. The train build report refers to routed cars as "inbound" to the spur/industry. The maximum number of inbound cars to a spur with an alternate track is determined by the length of the spur and the alternate track. So if the spur could hold 6 cars, and the alternate track 5, then the program would allow a maximum of 11 cars to be sent to the spur.

You can see all "inbound" cars by using the sort by "FD" or Final Destination in the Cars window.

#### Planned Pick Ups

The program when searching for tracks to set out cars, checks to see if there's space available for new cars. Sometimes due to the order that you're building your trains, you know better than the program that certain cars will be picked up during your session, say by a train that will be built later. This feature can be useful for classification/interchange tracks, especially if you want the classification/interchange tracks to be more to the full side rather than empty side. Also if you are switching cars to and from tracks that are basically full, using this option on one or more of the tracks in question can increase car movement.

If you want the program to ignore some number of cars currently sitting on the track, you can use this feature to specify how many cars to ignore. The choices are 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, which means you can tell the program to ignore 25 to 100 percent of the cars sitting on the track. For example, if you chose 100%, the program will ignore all of the cars sitting on the track, and will set out new cars up to the length of the track. This also means that the program can overload the track up to 100%. So if the track could hold 10 cars, the program could send another 10 cars to the track. Now the track could be overloaded until this train or a later train arrives and picks up the original 10 cars. Therefore you might need some temporary track space available to hold the new cars. So if you don't have "extra" space for cars, you might not want to use this feature! Note that it is your responsibility when using planned pickups and not the programs to build and terminate a train that eliminates the potential overloading.

The following is an example using planned pickups to get a desired set of car moves. Say you only have two tracks at a location that can hold exactly three cars each. You place three cars on each track for a total of six cars. You've configured the program to allow a local switcher to swap the cars on each track. Without planned pickups, when you build the switcher the program would find both tracks full and the build report will state that there isn't any space available to move cars to either track. The program needs to find an empty spot for a car before it can plan a move. With planned pickups set to 100% for both tracks, it allows the program to plan three car set outs to the full track, because with planned pickups the space consumed by the cars sitting there is ignored. This allows for a complete car swap between the two tracks.

Now using the example above we'll show how easy it is to overload a track using planned pickups. If we set the number of moves for the switcher to an odd number the program could overload one of the two track. Let's try 5 moves for the switcher, with 5 moves the program would pull three cars from one track and set them out to the other, and then pull two cars from the other track and set them out to the other. Once the switching is complete, one track will have two cars, and the other four! But there's only room for three! The track is overloaded by one car. So in this example using even numbers for the switcher moves doesn't overload the tracks, but odd number moves can.

Guaranteeing that cars will be picked up from a track can be a bit tricky, so it is recommended that you not use this feature until you become an expert with regards to using this program, otherwise you will most likely overload your tracks when using this feature.

Also recommended is that you not use the Alternate Track feature and planned pickups at the same time for a spur. It can defeat car movement from the alternate track to the spur.

#### Track Destinations

You can control which destinations a classification/interchange (C/I) or staging track will service. Under "Tools" in the edit track window for a C/I or staging track, the menu item "Track Destinations" allows you to select which destinations are valid for the track.

For C/I tracks there's an option to only accept cars with a final destination. This prevents cars without a final destination from using the track. This is useful where the C/I allowed track destinations are two or more trains away requiring the cars to be routed. Cars without a final destination could be stranded on the C/I track if there isn't a train that directly services at least one of the C/I destinations.

After you've selected the destinations that you want the track to service, you can use the "Check Destinations" button to verify that all of the destinations you've selected can also service the same car types, roads, and loads as the track. The program will report each problem it encounters, you can continue checking by pressing the "OK" button, or "Cancel" if you want to abort the checking. The "Check Destinations" can take awhile to complete as it will test all combinations of car types, roads, and loads that the track can service. The program also checks to see if there's a train that can carry the car from the track to the selected destinations.

You might find that the "Check Destinations" will report bogus issues when you've configured your C/I track to service several car types, roads, and loads, but have destinations that can only service a subset of these. In this case, it is best to break the C/I track into several tracks each servicing the same car types, roads, and loads that the destinations can service, and then pool the C/I tracks together if you want to use the same track space.

#### Change Track Type

If you want to change the track type to a spur, interchange or yard, in the edit track window, select Tools->Change Track Type. Select the desired track type and press "Save".

#### Show Trains Servicing this Track

This tool will show which trains can service the track being editing. If you only want to see trains that can can actually work the track, deselect the "Show all Trains" checkbox. You can also determine if a certain car type will be serviced by the trains visiting the track. Use the "Type" drop down menu to select a car type.

#### Show Cars

This will open a "Cars" window displaying only the cars for the track selected. Note that the Export Cars tool will only export cars for the track selected, and the delete cars tool will only delete the cars for the track selected.

### Locations Tools

OperationsPro™ provides several tools that can be accessed from the "Locations" tools menu.

#### Copy Location

This tool allows you to make a copy of an existing location and all of the tracks at that location. Enter a new location name, select the location to be copied, and then press the "Copy" button. If you want to move all of the rolling stock at the location being copied to your new location's tracks, select the checkbox "Move Rolling Stock to New Track". You can also delete all of the tracks at the location being copied, but you must also select the "Move Rolling Stock to New Track" option.

#### Copy Track

See Copy Track under Location tools.

#### Schedules

You can access all of your schedules directly from the "Locations" tools menu. The "Schedules" window lists all of the available schedules by name. The table includes the status of the schedule, the number of spurs the schedule is assigned to, a drop down menu showing each spur that is using the schedule, the schedule's status and the mode for the spur selected. If everything is fine you should only see "Okay" as the statuses. If there's an error, you should investigate and correct the problem.

#### Modify Locations by Car Type

This feature can be found under the "Tools" menu in the "Locations" and "Cars" windows. Use this tool to quickly modify the type of cars your locations and tracks will service. Very useful when adding a new car type to your roster.

First select the car type you wish to modify. The window will then show which locations and tracks can service that car type. Select or deselect the locations and tracks you want to service, and press the "Save" button to modify your locations and tracks. You can also copy how an existing car is serviced by your locations and apply those rules to another car. To make a car type behave like another, first select the car your would like to copy, then select the "copy" checkbox, the car type will now appear to the right of the checkbox, then select the type of car you want to modify, and press "Save" to have both car types serviced by the same locations and tracks.

#### Modify Locations by Car Load

The tool "Modify Locations by Car Load" allows you to quickly select a car type and decide which locations and tracks will service the car's load. Only tracks that can service the car's type are enabled.

#### Show Cars

To only see cars that have a location assigned to them, select "Show Cars" from the "Tools" menu.

#### Print or Preview

This tool provides several options with regards to printing or previewing your locations.

- Print Locations

  Prints the information found in the Locations window.

- Print Schedules

  Lists the schedules and the information found in the edit schedule window.

- Print Comments

  Prints the location comments

- Print Location Details

  This option will list each track for a location, and details which car types, loads, roads, and trains can service that track.

- Print Track Analysis

  Lists each car type, and shows which tracks can service that car type. The analysis includes the total length of each car type, and then the percentage of track that can be consumed by that car type.

- Print Track Error Analysis

  This option will check each track and determine if there's a train that will service the car types selected for that track.

## Cars

The cars window allows you to edit your car roster. You can enter a car's road (reporting mark), number, type, and length. The program will automatically calculate the car's maximum weight based on length and the scale your modeling. You can optionally add the car's color, built date, load and owner. If you want a group of cars to be switched as a unit, you can create a "kernel". You can assign any number of cars to a kernel but the type of the first car assigned will be used by the program to determine if the kernel is allowed at a location. The entire length of the kernel is used to determine if the cars in the kernel will fit. Note that the program also includes space for the car's couplers when calculating the length of a kernel.

### Table Sort

To sort cars by a particular attribute, select any of the radio buttons in the "Sort by" list. One of the more useful sorts is by location. You can under "Tools->Car Roster" print a list of cars by their location and track when the radio button "Location" is selected. You can also sort the table by clicking on any of the column headings. To perform a double sort, select the first sort by selecting one of the "Sort by" radio buttons, then click on the final sort by clicking on one of the column headings.

### Add, Find, Save Buttons

There are three buttons located at the bottom of the Cars window. The "Add" button allows you to add a car to your roster. The "Save" button stores the cars roster to a file. It also saves the Cars window position and size, and any changes you made to the table widths. The "Find" button and the adjacent text window can be used to find a car by its road number. You can use the wild card "*" when entering a car number. For example if you want to find all cars with numbers that ended with 345, enter *345, and press find. Each time you press find, the next car with a road number ending with "345" will be highlighted.

### Moves, Wait and Last Time Moved

You can edit the number of times a car has been moved by the program and the car's wait count directly from the "Cars" window. Double click on the cell in the Cars window to change. The built and owner fields can be found in the Edit Car window. The last time moved is set by the program.

### Importing Cars from a File

If you already have a list of cars in a database, you can import the cars into the program. The import function requires an ACSII text file, with one line for each car. The car import requires four attributes and the order is car number, road (reporting mark), type, and length. All four car attributes are required for the import to work correctly. The following shows two examples of the correct format:

336 GCR Flat 40
655578 UP Boxcar 40

Each line can start with a space and multiple spaces between fields is okay. Optionally you can include additional attributes in the following order; weight, color, owner name, date built, and location. The location can have two fields, the location name followed by the location's spur or yard name separated by a hyphen. The following shows two examples of the correct format:

336 GCR Flat 40 3.8 Black AT 1930 Home Town USA - George's Oil Terminal
655578 UP Boxcar 40 3.8 Yellow DB 1934 York - York Freight

If you prefer to use comma delimiters instead of spaces (comma separated values), use a file with a .csv extension or place the word "comma" at the start of your import file and use commas instead of spaces. You can also have the program create a comma separated values file for you by selecting the Export to file under the "Tools->Car Roster" menu in the "Cars" window. The following are two examples of importing cars with comma delimiters.

comma
336,GCR,Flat Car,40,3.8,Black,AT,1930,Home Town USA,-,George's Oil Terminal
655578,UP,Tank Car,40,3.8,Yellow,DB,1934,York,-,York Freight

You need to be very careful with spaces when importing a comma separated values (.csv) file. The program will include leading and trailing spaces if they exist between the commas.

A comma separated values file can also import a car's load and kernel name, just add them after the track name field.

If you enter 0 for the car's weight, the program will automatically calculate the car weight for you based on the car's length and the scale you've selected.

To import a file, use the "Tools" menu in the upper left hand corner of the Cars window. Then select "Tools->Car Roster->Import from file". Note that the program will only add cars that don't exist in the program's car roster. If the car already exists, the import will be skipped by the program.

During the import, if a car's location or track doesn't exist in the program's database, the program will prompt you to create them. This way not only are you importing your cars, but also the car's locations and tracks. The program will set new track to a length of 1000', and will set the track type to yard. After the import you can edit the track and set the track's correct length and type.

To improve the speed of the car import, you can close the cars window. It takes significantly more processor cycles to update the cars window than to actually import the cars.

After importing your cars, you must save them if you want to keep them as part of your roster. Use the Cars "Save" button or select any car by pressing the edit button and then press the "Save" button that can be found at the bottom right of the Edit Car window.

#### Importing Kernel Names

To add kernel names to your cars you can import them by creating a file with the first line starting with "kernel" and the following three attributes (number, road, and kernel name) for each car in a kernel:

kernel
21455 UP kernel_name

### Adding Cars to your Roster

To manually add a car to your roster, press the "Add" button located at the bottom of the "Tools->Operations->Cars" window. Once a car has been created, you can use the "Edit" button for a car in the "Cars" window to modify the car's attributes.

#### Road

Select the road (reporting mark) for the car. If the desired road doesn't exist, press the "Edit" button to the right of the road select menu box. This will allow you to add a new road or delete any that you don't need. You can use the "hyphen" feature to create unique road names. The program will drop the hyphen and the following characters when printing a Manifest or switch list.

#### Road Number

Enter the car's road number in the text box. The program requires a unique road and number for each car. If you have cars with identical roads and numbers, simply add a -1, -2, etc. to each of the car numbers. The program when printing out the Manifest or switch list will drop the -1, -2, etc. from the car's road number.

#### Type, Length, Weight

Select the car's type and length from the menu boxes. Use the "Edit" button to the right of the menu boxes to add or delete car types, or lengths that you want to add or remove. The car's maximum weight is automatically calculated, but you can enter a different weight if necessary. When entering the length of a car, enter the length of the body and not the total length. For example, a forty foot boxcar has a length of 40 feet. The program when calculating lengths will add two feet to each end of a car for the couplers. Therefore when you place a forty foot car at a spur, it will consume 44 feet of track.

#### Car subType

OperationsPro™ supports the ability to add a subType to a car's type field using the "hyphen" feature. Adding a "-subType" to your car type will create a new type of car. The "-subType" is not printed on the Manifest or switch lists. For example you might have coal cars with loads and coal cars that are empty. If you enter the car type as HopCoal-C for your cars with coal, and HopCoal-E for the empties, the program can use this information to assign and deliver cars to their appropriate trains and locations respectively.

#### Passenger, Caboose, FRED, Utility, and Hazardous Checkboxes

If the car is used in passenger service select the passenger checkbox. The program will place passenger cars towards the rear of a mixed service (combination of passenger and freight cars) train. If the car is a caboose, has a FRED (Flashing Rear End Device), or is hazardous, select the proper checkbox. The program uses the caboose and FRED functions to place the car at the end of a train when the train requires a caboose or car with FRED. The hazardous checkbox will cause the program to add a note to the switch list that the car is transporting hazardous materials. Your railroad's policy regarding hazardous materials can than be applied to this car!

When the passenger checkbox is selected, a new field called "Car Blocking Order" will appear. The text box allows you to enter a number between 0 and 100 and this gives you control where in the train's Manifest a car will be placed. Lower numbers will place the car near the front of the train, and higher numbers towards the rear. We recommend that you start off using numbers cleanly divisible by 10. For example, you might what to place an observation car at the end of the train, a value of "90" would be appropriate. If you wanted a baggage car to be the first car in the passenger train, a value of "10" would be a good value, cars in the middle of the train could use "50". Later you can fine tune your passenger trains by using the other numbers that are available.

When the utility checkbox is selected, it instructions the program when printing Manifests and switch lists to not show the individual car's road and number, but rather the quantity of cars needed of that type. For example, prototype unit trains when shipping coal don't normally list the cars in the train by the car's road number but instead it shows the number of cars, the type of car, and the car's load on the train's Manifest. The color of utility cars isn't shown on Manifests and switch lists.

If you use the utility feature, it is strongly recommended that you select the utility feature for all cars of a given type. Since the car's road and number isn't displayed on the Manifests and switch list, any car of that type can be placed into a train. Later if you try and find a car by its road number, it could very well have been shipped out on an earlier train. So you have to decide, use road numbers or not for a given type of car.

#### Location and Track

Now set the car's location on the layout. If the car is off the layout, set the location to none (blank space).

#### Load

You can optionally set the load state of the car. Select "E" for empty or "L" for loaded. You can also create your own custom loads, but there are restrictions. Normally spurs with schedules are used to load or unload cars with custom loads that you've created. You can also use staging tracks to load or unload your car with a custom load. It is also suggested that you use a format similar to L(commodity) to describe your loads so it looks good on your Manifests and switch lists. For example a load of tools could be entered as "L(Tools)" or just "Tools" if desired.

Some operators don't want the default empty or "E" load for a car when the car's load flips from the "L" load or when a car's custom load is removed. To set a custom empty load for car, see Set Car and the Return When Empty fields. You can tell the program which custom empty load you want each car to have.

#### Kernel (Group of Cars)

A "Kernel" is a group of cars that move as a single unit. If you want this car to be part of a kernel press "Edit" across from "Kernel" and create a kernel name. Then select the kernel name from the menu box in the Edit Car window. The first car you assign to the kernel becomes the lead car. The lead car in a kernel will have an asterisk appended to the kernel name in the Cars window. The program when searching for a track to set out the kernel will only use the lead car's attributes when determining if the track can accept the kernel. However, the program does use the entire length of the kernel to determine if the group of cars will fit on the destination track. Picking up or dropping off a kernel is regarded as one "move" when defining the number of moves in a train's route.

Kernels are shown on Manifests and switch lists in the order they are entered, with the lead car being the first one entered. You can modify the order the cars in a kernel are printed by changing their blocking order in the Edit Car window.

#### Optional Fields

Finally you can optionally enter the color, built date, owner and comment for this car. The built date can be entered as a two or four digit year, or in the format of month-year (mm-yy). A two digit year will be converted to a car built in the 1900s.

#### Id Tag

The Id Tag dropdown allows you to associate a IdTag with this piece of rolling stock. If any of the locations have an associated Id Tag Reader at Location and the Id Tag associated with this car is read by that Reporter, then the location will be updated. See Options to enable this feature.

#### Add (Copy)

Press the "Add" button to enter a new car into your roster. You can also use the "Add" button to make a copy of a car. Select an existing car using the "Edit" button in the "Cars" window, and then modify the car's road number, and any other car attributes, then press the "Add" button to create another car for your roster. Pressing the "Add" button also causes the new car to be saved. See the "Save" button below.

#### Save

Press "Save" to store the car's attributes after you've made changes. The program will create a file named "OperationsCarRoster.xml". You can find this file in JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations. A backup file with the last settings for all of your cars is also created each time the "Save" button is pressed.

### Edit Car Attribute Names

To the right of each of the car attributes (Road, Type, Length, Color, Kernel, Load, Owner) in the Edit Car or Add Car window is an "Edit" button. Use this to add, delete, or replace the various attribute names for a car.

#### Add Button

To add a new car attribute name, enter the desired text in the text box and press the "Add" button. When you first enter a new car attribute name, it will show up at the start of the list. Later when your restart the program it will be sorted in the correct order.

You can also use the "hyphen" feature when creating new car type, road, and load names. The program will drop the characters after the hyphen when printing a Manifest or switch list.

#### Delete Button

To delete a car attribute name, select the name you want to delete in the menu box and press the "Delete" button.

#### Replace Button

If you need to change a specific car attribute name (road, type, color, etc) in your entire car roster, you can use the "Replace" button found at the bottom right of the edit car attribute window. For example, if you wish to change the car road (reporting mark) attribute name "UP" to "UPS" for all of your cars. Press the "Edit" button for any of your cars in the Cars window, and then press the "Edit" button across from Road in the "Car Edit" window. Enter the new road "UPS" in the text box, select "UP" in the menu box, and press "Replace". All cars with "UP" as their road name will now have "UPS" as their road name.

#### Delete Unused Attribute Names

Under "Tools" in the "Edit Attribute Window" you will find two items, "Show the number of cars with this attribute name" and "Delete unused attribute names". The first will show a count in front of the menu box. The count is the number of'cars that have this particular attribute name. The delete option will prompt you to delete any attribute name that hasn't been assigned to a car.

### Edit Car Loads

To add a custom load or edit a car's load, press the Load "Edit" button in the Edit Car or Set Car windows. Each car type will have it's own set of custom loads. Note that spurs normally require a schedule to service cars with custom loads. See car Load and Purposely Moving Cars Using Schedules and Loads for more information.

In addition to the Add, Delete, and Replace buttons and fields described above in the Car Edit Attributes section, the edit car loads window allows you to set the load's type, priority, pick up and set out messages.

#### Load Type

A load type of "Load" means the program will consider the car as being loaded and the car's maximum weight is used when calculating the train's total weight. A load type of "Empty" tells the program that the car is empty and to only use 1/3 of the car's maximum weight when calculating the train's total weight. If you use the Loads and Empties option when printing your Manifest, you will want to use the correct load type so that the program prints out the correct number of loads and empties in the train.

#### Priority

The default load priority is low and you can change the priority to high for a given car type and load. High priority car loads are normally serviced before low priority. Useful if you need to get your reefer loaded with fruit to the market ASAP!

#### Optional Load Messages

You can also provide optional messages for your crew based on the type of car and load. The messages can be useful if you have visible car loads that need to be added or removed by your crew. You must select the "PickUp Msg" and "SetOut Msg" car attributes if you want these messages on your Manifests and switch lists.

### Set Car

After creating a car, you can set the car's location, and optionally the car's destination and train by using the "Set" button found for each car in the Cars window. Normally the car's destination and assigned train are generated by the program, but you can use these fields to force a car to a specific destination using the specified train.

You can remove a car that has been assigned to a train by simply pressing the "Save" button. You can also add a car to an already built train that hasn't departed its first location. Select a destination, track and train for the car, then press the "Save" button.

#### Status

In the upper right hand corner of the set car window is a checkbox labeled "Location Unknown". Selecting the location unknown checkbox does several things. First the program will ignore the car when building new trains. Second, on Manifests and switch lists, the program will list all of the misplaced cars. Now your crew can help you find cars that have been misplaced. And finally, when this checkbox is selected, the other fields in the set car window are disabled.

The "Out of Service" checkbox when selected instructs the program to ignore the car when building new trains. Many operators have a RIP (Repair In Place) track and use this feature to hold the car there until repairs have been made.

#### Location and Track

Use the "Location and Track" set of fields to place the car on the layout. Use the "Auto" checkbox to show valid tracks for a given location.

#### Load

Use the "Load" menu to change the car's load, or create new ones by using the "Edit" button located to the right of the load menu.

#### Return When Empty

You can also optionally enter the location and track that you want the car to return to when the car's load status becomes empty. You can also replace the car's default empty "E" load with one from the return when empty (RWE) load menu. Only custom loads that are type Empty are shown in the combo box. When you specify a custom RWE load for a car, the program will use the RWE load instead of the default empty "E" load in all cases where the "E" load would normally occur. Note that the RWE load also overrides the generation of custom loads out of staging since the "E" load isn't used by the program for this car. However, if a car does arrive into staging with the RWE load name, the program will set the load name to the default "E", and not use the RWE addresses.

Note that manually changing the load name will not cause the Return When Empty (RWE) destination to become active, only when the car is set out by the program will the RWE destination and RWE load become active.

#### Return When Loaded

You can also optionally enter the location and track that you want the car to return to when the car's load status becomes loaded. You can also replace the car's default load "L" with one from the return when loaded (RWL) load menu. Only custom loads that are type Load are shown in the combo box. When you specify a custom RWL load for a car, the program will use the RWL load instead of the default "L" load in all cases where the "L" load would normally occur. When a car arrives into staging and has the "E" load and the option to swap load names is enabled, the program will activate the RWL load and addresses. Also when a car arrives into staging and has a custom load type of empty and the option to remove custom load names is enabled, the program will activate the RWL load and addresses.

Note that manually changing the load name will not cause the Return When Loaded (RWL) destination to become active, only when the car is set out by the program will the RWL destination and RWL load name become active.

#### Home Division

You can optionally select the car's home division for more prototypical car movements. See railroad divisions in the Edit Location help for more information. You can use the Set Cars feature to quickly assign a home division to multiple cars.

Use the "Edit" button to modify an existing division or if a division isn't selected to create a new one.

#### Kernel

You can also place the car into a kernel which is a group of cars that are moved as a single unit. Select the kernel you want the car to be in using the "Kernel" menu, and use the "Edit" button to create new ones.

#### Optional -- Normally Set by Program

The next three set of fields are normally set by the program when building trains. We'll explain how they work in case you're interested in how the program works or if you want to manually override the program. The first is the "Destination and Track" set of pull down menus. By default the destination and track fields are disabled. Under "Tools" there's an option to enable the destination fields.

#### Destination and Track

The "Destination" is the next location that the car will be delivered to. The destination must be reachable by only one train from the car's current location or the car will not be serviced. Normally we recommend that you don't use the "Destination and Track" pull down menus to forward a car to a location, but use the "Final Destination and Track" as described below. However, if you're manually adding a car to a built train, you must set the car's destination and track. The destination and track fields are enabled when the program sets a destination for the car, or you've enabled them by using the "Enable Destination" option found under the "Tools" menu.

#### Final Destination and Track

The next field is the "Final Destination and Track" set of pull down boxes. You can select any destination, and optionally a track at that destination. The program will figure out the best route to ship the car to this destination. The "route" can consist of several trains, interchanges, and yards. When a car is delivered to a spur with a schedule, and the schedule has a shipping destination that requires more than one train, the program uses this set of fields to ship the car. If the track that the final destination specifies happens to be full, the program will search for a yard to place the car. When the track becomes available, the program will move the car from the yard to the track specified.

When selecting a final destination, you don't have to specify a track. And when selecting a destination that is staging, you shouldn't select a destination track, let the program do that for you.

#### Train

The last field is the train assignment. You can manually decide which train to use before or after build your trains.

### Cars Tools

The cars window "Tools" menu allows you to perform some useful functions to your car roster.

#### Car Roster

The "Car Roster" has a sub-menu that allows you to import and export cars, delete cars, reset car move counts, and print or preview your car roster.

#### Car Roster->Import from file

See Importing Cars from a File.

#### Car Roster->Export to file

In addition to Import from file feature described earlier, you can also export your cars to a comma separated values file. The "Export to file" function creates a file named "ExportOperationsCarRoster.csv" in the operations directory. Note that the export cars tool will only export the cars shown in the cars window for a location or track.

#### Car Roster->Delete all cars

You can remove all of the cars in your roster by using the "Delete all cars" option. Note that when only viewing cars for a track, the tool changes to "Delete cars on Track track name", and will only delete the cars on the track being viewed.

#### Car Roster->Reset move count all cars

The "Reset move count all cars" will zero out all of the cars move counts. In normal use you should never reset the car move counts. The program uses the move counts to determine which cars have difficulty finding valid destination tracks. Cars with low move counts eventually get higher priority over cars with larger move counts. By servicing the lower move count cars first, the difficult car moves eventually get made by the program. Reseting car moves foils this algorithm. The only valid time for reseting the move counts is when you add new cars to your roster and you don't want your new cars to have priority over your old cars. However in most cases, folks do want to see the new cars riding the first train out of town, so don't reset the car moves if you want to put your new additions immediately to work!

#### Car Roster->Print and Preview

You can also preview and print your car roster. The preview and print features use the same "Sort by" radio buttons as the cars window. One of the more useful sorts is by "Location", this allows you to quickly verify your car locations before or after an operations session.

You can if you wish only preview or print cars for a specific location or track. In the "Edit Location" and "Edit Track" windows the "Tools" menu provides a "Show Cars" selection which will bring up the "Cars" window but only listing the cars for that location or track. Use the roster print or preview features of the "Cars" window to print out a list of the cars for that location or track. In addition to only printing the cars shown, the export cars tool will only export the cars shown in the cars window for a location or track. When viewing cars for a specific track, you can delete the cars on that track by selecting "Car Roster -> Delete Cars on Track track name".

#### Show Checkboxes

You can if you wish add or remove a checkbox for each car in your roster by selecting "Show Checkboxes" from the "Cars" tools menu. The checkboxes are useful when performing an audit using a PC or other electronic device. There's also a "Reset Checkboxes" tool to return all checkboxes to their unselected state.

#### Modify Locations by Car Type

The tool "Modify Locations by Car Type" allows you to select a car type and decide which locations and tracks will service a given car type. See Modify Locations by Car Type for more info.

#### Modify Trains by Car Type

The tool "Modify Trains by Car Type" allows you to modify the car types that your trains will service can be found under Trains->Tools or Cars->Tools. Very useful when adding a new car type to your roster. See Modify Trains by Car Type for more info.

#### Set Cars

If you want to change the status, location, return when empty, return when loaded, home division, load, kernel, destinations or train assignment for a group of cars use the "Set Cars" tool found under "Tools" in the Cars window. The tool works the same way as the Set Car as described above, except that multiple cars are modified. Select the cars you want to change in the table by highlighting them, and then select "Set Cars". Note that you can use the "Control" or "Ctrl" key on your keyboard to select individual cars in the table, and the "Shift" key allows you to select a range of cars. Use "Ctrl A" to select all of the cars in the table. The first car in the table becomes the default, and if you press the "Apply" button, all of the other selected cars will have the same settings as the default car.

When using the "Set Cars" tool, all cars selected in the Cars window will have the same values once you press the "Apply" button. However, if you want to change only one or two of the fields shown in the Set Cars window, select the ignore checkbox for the fields you don't want changed by the "Apply" button. Only the fields that don't have the "ignore" selected will change.

After making your changes, be sure to press "Save" in the Cars window if you want to keep your changes.

## Locomotives

The locomotives window allows you to edit your locomotive roster. You can enter a locomotive's number, road (reporting mark), model, type, and length. You can optionally add the locomotive's built date and owner. If you want a group of locomotives to be assigned as a unit, you can create a "consist". The locomotive type is used by the program to determine where locomotives are picked up and or stored at the various locations on your layout. Some of default locomotive types are electric, diesel, gas turbine, and steam.

### Import Locomotives

If you already have a list of locomotives in your JMRI roster or in a database, you can import the locomotives into the program.

### Import Locomotives from the JMRI Roster

The program will only import locomotives from your JMRI roster that have a road and number. To get your locomotives from your JMRI roster, select "Import from JMRI roster" from the Tools->Operations->Locomotives->Tools->Locomotive Roster menu. Only locomotives that don't exist will be added to the programs locomotive roster. This way you can use this tool any time you add locomotives to your JMRI locomotive roster. The JMRI locomotive roster doesn't have the length field, so a default length is entered for you. You should correct the locomotive length if you want the program to correctly calculate your train lengths. If your JMRI roster doesn't provide the locomotive's model, you will have to enter one before saving your files.

### Import Locomotives from a File

The import from file function requires an ACSII text file, with one line for each locomotive. The locomotive import requires four attributes and order is locomotive number, road (reporting mark), model, and length. All four attributes are required for the import to work correctly. The following shows two examples of the correct format:

236 UP RS4 40
5578 SP SW1200 42

Each line can start with a space and multiple spaces between fields is okay. Optionally you can include additional attributes in the following order; owner name, date built, and location. The location can have two fields, the location name followed by the location's spur or yard name separated by a hyphen. The following shows two examples of the correct format:

236 UP RS4 40 AT 1930 Home Town USA - Engine Terminal
5578 SP SW1200 42 DB 1934 York - York Engine Yard

If you prefer to use comma delimiters instead of spaces, use a file with a .csv extension or place the word "comma" at the start of your import file and use commas instead of spaces. The following are two examples of importing locomotives with comma delimiters.

comma
236,UP,RS 4,40,AT,1930,Home Town USA,-,Engine Terminal
5578,SP,SW 1200,42,DB,1934,Town of York,-,York Engine Yard

You need to be very careful with spaces when importing a comma separated values (.csv) file. The program will include leading and trailing spaces if they exist between the commas.

To import a file, use the "Tools" menu in the upper left hand corner of the Locomotives window. Select "Tools->Locomotive Roster->Import from file. Note that the program will only add locomotives that don't exist in the program's locomotive roster. If the locomotive already exists, it will be skipped by the program.

After importing your locomotives, you must save them if you want to keep them as part of your roster. Press the "Save" button located at the bottom of the Locomotives window, or select any locomotive by pressing the edit button and then press the "Save" button that can be found at the bottom right of the "Edit Locomotive" window.

### Adding Locomotives to your Roster

To manually add a locomotive to your roster, press the "Add" button located at the bottom of the "Locomotives" window. Then select the road (reporting mark) for the locomotive. If the desired road doesn't exist, press the "Edit" button across from the road select menu box. This will allow you to add a new road or delete any that you don't need. Now enter the locomotive's number, model, type, length and horsepower. The locomotive's horsepower, the train's weight, and track grade is used by the program to calculate how many locomotives are required when using the "Auto" feature when building trains. Stream engines use tractive effort rather than horsepower to describe their potential for pulling trains. Enter the tractive effort in lbf (pounds force) and the program will convert it to the approximate horsepower at 25 MPH when you press the Save button.

Now set the locomotive's location on the layout. If the locomotive is off the layout, set the location to none (blank space). You can also enter the built date, owner and a comment for this locomotive. The built date can be in the format of a two or four digit year, or month-year (mm-yy), where a two digit year will be converted to a loco built in the 1900s.

#### Locomotive Models

OperationsPro™ allows you organize your locomotives by model. Each model can only have one locomotive type, length, weight and horsepower rating associated with it. For example, if you assign the model name "RS11" to a set of locomotives, when you change the length of one of the "RS11"s, the length will also change for the others. Also associated with a locomotive model is whether the engine is to be used as a "B" or booster unit. "B" units are never assigned to a train that requires only one locomotive, and they are never assigned by the program as the lead engine in a consist. One useful trick is to assign the "B" unit designation to non-sound units to prevent them from becoming the lead engine when building a consist.

#### Locomotive Consists

If wish this locomotive to be part of a consist assigned by you, press the "Edit" button across from "Consist" in the "Edit Locomotive" window. Now enter a consist name and press "Add" in the "Edit Locomotive Consist" window. Finally select the consist name from the menu box in the "Edit Locomotive" window and press save.

Consists are shown on Manifests and switch lists in the order they are entered, with the lead locomotive being the first one entered. The lead locomotive in a consist will have an asterisk appended to the consist name in the Locomotives window.

#### Id Tag

The Id Tag dropdown allows you to associate a IdTag with this piece of rolling stock. If any of the locations have an associated Id Tag Reader at Location and the Id Tag associated with this locomotive is read by that Reporter, then the location will be updated. See Options to enable this feature.

#### Save

Press "Save" to store the locomotive's settings. The program will create a file named "OperationsEngineRoster.xml". You can find this file in JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations. A backup file with the last settings for all of your locomotives is also created each time the "Save" button is pressed.

### Locomotives Tools

The locomotives window "Tools" menu allows you to perform some useful functions to your locomotive roster.

#### Locomotive Roster

The "Locomotive Roster" has a sub-menu that allows you to import and export locomotives, delete locomotives, reset locomotive move counts, and print or preview your locomotive roster.

#### Locomotive Roster->Import Locomotives from the JMRI Roster

See Import Locomotives from the JMRI Roster.

#### Locomotive Roster->Import from file

See Importing Locomotives from a File.

#### Locomotive Roster->Export to file

In addition to Import from file feature described earlier, you can also export your locomotives to a comma separated values file. The "Export to file" function creates a file named "ExportOperationsLocomotiveRoster.csv" in the operations directory.

#### Locomotive Roster->Delete all locomotives

You can remove all of the locomotives in your roster by using the "Delete all locomotives" option.

#### Locomotive Roster->Reset move count all locomotives

The "Reset move count all locomotives" will zero out all of the locomotive move counts. In normal use you should never reset the locomotive move counts. The program uses the move counts to determine which locomotives have difficulty finding valid destination tracks. Locomotives with low move counts eventually get higher priority over locomotives with larger move counts. By servicing the lower move count locomotives first, the difficult locomotive moves eventually get made by the program. Reseting locomotive moves foils this algorithm. The only valid time for reseting the move counts is when you add new locomotives to your roster and you don't want your new locomotives to have priority over your old locomotives. However in most cases, folks do want to see the new locomotives riding the first train out of town, so don't reset the locomotive moves if you want to put your new additions immediately to work!

#### Locomotive Roster->Print and Preview

You can also preview and print your locomotive roster. The preview and print features use the same "Sort by" radio buttons as the locomotives window. One of the more useful sorts is by "Location", this allows you to quickly verify your locomotive locations before or after an operations session.

#### Synchronize with NCE Consists

If you are using NCE as your DCC command station, you can have the program synchronize your consist numbers with your locomotives. The program will read all of the consists out of the NCE system and then will search for matching locomotives in your operations roster. The program will assign the consist name `nce_xxx` where xxx is the consist number. To synchronize your Consists, select "Synchronize with NCE Consists" under the "Tools" from the "Locomotives" menu.

### Set Locomotive

After creating a locomotive, you can set the locomotive's location, and optionally the locomotive's destination and train. Normally the locomotive's destination and assigned train are generated by the program, but you can use these fields to force a locomotive to a specific location using a specified train.

## Routes

A route is a list of locations (stations) that a train will visit. Later you can decide if the train stops at a location for work. Routes can be point to point or out and back. A route that returns to its origin is often referred to as a "turn". To build a route, select "Tools->Operations->Routes".

The "Routes" window shows for every route created the id, name, comment, shortest route length, longest route length, and status of the route. If there's a problem with the route, the status will be reported as "Error". If the route hasn't been assigned to a train, the status for the route is reported as "Orphan". If a route has been assigned to a train or trains, and one of the trains is built, the status becomes "Train Built". You can not modify a route that is assigned to a built train. Reset or terminate a built train if you want to modify the route. Use the "Edit" button to modify a route.

### Add Route

Press the "Add" button located at the bottom of the Routes window to create a new route for your trains.

Enter the route name and an optional comment. This comment is shown in the Routes window, and optionally on your Manifests. Each route must have unique name. Then press the "Add Route" button located at the bottom of the window. Now select the location the train will depart by selecting the location in the menu box located at the left bottom side of the window. Press "Add Location". You should now see the train's departure location in the table along with the train's departure direction, the requested number of car moves, whether car set outs or pick ups are allowed, the train wait time, the maximum train length departing the location, and the track grade between this location and the next location in the train's route. The X and Y values are where to place the train icon on a panel. The Edit Route below provides additional details about a location in a route.

Now select the correct departure direction for your train when using this route, along with the number of moves you wish, and the train's maximum length. In the simple case, a move at the departure location would equal a car in the train. So if you want 10 cars in your train when it departs, enter 10 moves. Later if you create kernels or allow local moves at the departure location, the number of moves could mean something slightly different. A local move is the act of moving a car from one track to another at the same location, the car isn't added to the train, but moving the car is part of the train's work at that location. Double click on the cell in the table to change the car moves or train length. The program remembers the last train direction, car moves, and maximum train length when adding new locations to your train's route. Now build your route by selecting the next location the train will visit and again adjust the number of cars your train will work by changing the move count for that location. Continue building the train's route by entering all locations that the train will pass through even if the train will not work the location. This way your train's engineer will know when reading his Manifest the towns he will be traveling through. Each time you add a location to the route, the table shows the order in which the train will visit. You can move a location up or down in the sequence if needed.

### Edit Route

You can modify any location in a train's route by selecting an item in one of the menu boxes or by doubling clicking one of the cells and entering a new value. Press "Save Route" to complete your change.

Each route location has the train's departure direction, number of desired car moves, and whether car pick ups and or car set outs are allowed at that location. A car move can be a car pick up or car set out at that location. For example, 5 moves can be 5 pick ups, or 5 set outs, or any combination of 5 pick ups or set outs. Picking up or dropping off a kernel (group of cars) represents one move. Moving a car or kernel from one track to another at the same location also represents one move. The program doesn't normally create local car moves, you can use schedules to change the program's behavior. To modify the number of moves for a location, double click directly on the cell in the route table. When entering the desired number of car moves, enter reasonable numbers that reflect what you want the program to do for you. For example, if you want your train to depart with approximately 15 cars, then 15 is the correct value for your moves at the start of the route. At the end of the route, if you want close to 12 cars in the train when it terminates, then 12 is the right value for the move count for the last location in your train's route. Entering "0" moves means no car pick ups or set outs at the location.

You can use the route location move counts to control how many cars are set out or picked up along your train's route. If you want more cars to be set out at the middle locations, decrease the move count for the last location (terminal) in the train's route, and if needed increase the move count for the departure location. Conversely, if you want to pick up more cars along the train's route, increase the move count for the last location, and decrease the move count for the departure location.

You can also request that the program randomly reduce the number of desired car moves for a location. Use this feature if you find that the program is consistently generating the same amount of work for your train, and you want some variety. It is recommend that not use this feature until you find that is is needed. The "Random" column allows you to select a value between 10 and 100 and has a default of "Off" which disables this feature. The value is the percentage you want the move count reduced. For example, if you requested 20 moves for a location, and selected a random value of 10%, the program could reduce the desired move count by 2, which works out to desired car moves of 18, 19 or 20. A random value of 50% would reduce the moves by up to 10, or 10 to 20 desired car moves, and a value of 100% would generate desired car moves between 0 and 20. Note that small car moves need large random values to work properly. For example a desired car move of 1 will always be 1 unless you select 100% in the random column. A desired move count of 2 needs a random value equal or greater than 50% to reduce the move count by one, and 100% if you wanted the move count to be reduced by 2.

If you want to delay the departure of the train from a location or increase the train's travel time, enter the number of minutes desired in the "Wait" cell. Another choice is to specify the train's departure time from a location by selecting the "Departure Time" radio button in the lower right hand corner of the Edit Route window.

You can also adjust the maximum train length using (feet or meters) that can depart each location. For example, if you limited the train's departure length to 500 feet, then approximately 10 cars would depart in the train from that location. When first starting out, it is recommended that you leave the departure train lengths to the maximum and adjust the number of cars in the train by changing the car move counts in the train's route. Later if you find that your train is too long, you should first reduce the car move counts and then the maximum train lengths to get your trains to build to your liking.

The grade is optional and is used to determine how many locomotives the train will require for that segment when using the train Auto locomotive assignment feature. Enter the maximum grade that the train will encounter between the two locations.

The X and Y are the coordinates on your dispatcher's panel for the optional train icon. You can set the coordinates directly in the table by double clicking on the X or Y cells, or use the Set Train Icon Coordinates tool if you want to change all of your routes at once, or use the "Set Train Icon Coordinates for this Route" tool if you only want to adjust one route, or use the "SetX&Y" train icon pop-up menu to teach the program where you want the train icon placed when the train is at the specified location. Leave the X and Y coordinates at zero if you want to manually move the icon or you're not using the icon feature.

Each location in the route can also have an optional comment that will appear in the train's Manifests. Press the "Add" button under the table heading "Comment" to add a comment to a location.

#### Save Route

Press "Save Route" to save your route. The program will create a file named "OperationsRouteRoster.xml". You can find this file in JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations. A backup file with the last settings for all of your routes is also created each time the "Save Route" button is pressed.

### Train Turn Route

A train that returns to its departure location is normally referred to as a "turn". The image below shows a route for a train that departs "Bakersfield", works "Port Arthur" and "Danville", reverses direction in "Hillsboro" and returns to "Bakersfield".

Notice that "Hillsboro" appears twice in the route. The first "Hillsboro" provides the arrival direction for the train, and the amount of work for tracks that can only be accessed by an Eastbound train. The second "Hillsboro" provides the departure direction for the train, and the amount of work for tracks that can only be access by a Westbound train. Even though "Hillsboro" appears twice in the route, it will only appear once on your Manifests and switch lists. Also when you enter a location twice in a row in the route with a change in direction, the location's switch list will add a note that the train's departure direction has changed.

### Passenger Train Route

Normally passenger trains run on a schedule based on departure times. If you want your Manifests to show the departure times for your train, create a route in which you specify the departure time at each location. In the lower right hand corner of the Edit Route window, select "Departure Time" in the Display box. Now select the departure time for each location in the train's route. The Manifest statement "No work at xxx" isn't appropriate for a passenger train. To eliminate this statement, simply add a comment to each location in the train's route. Use the Edit Route window, and for each location, you can add a comment or edit an existing one.

### Departing Staging Route

The program gives you several route options with regards to trains that depart from staging. You can control which trains in staging have the proper length or number of cars by adjusting the route's maximum train length and requested car moves. For example, if you set the route's departure staging location maximum length train length to 800 feet, the program will ignore when building the train all staging tracks that have more than 800 feet of rolling stock. And if you set the car moves for the departure staging location to 15, the program will ignore all staging tracks that have more than 15 cars. However, if you set the route's staging departure car moves count to "0", the program will select a staging track that doesn't have any cars, as long as the train doesn't require a caboose or car with FRED. The staging track can have locomotives.

### Route Features

One very powerful feature of routes is the ability to specify the same location more than once. When the same location name is used back to back, the train's Manifest will print as though the train only arrived and departed once. Note that names "Danville", "Danville-1", and "Danville-(example)" are all the same with regards to the Manifest and switch list printouts, but the program deals with them as though they were different locations.

For example, you can control if there are set outs or pick ups at any location in the route. Therefore if you wanted to only set out 3 cars, you could specify only set outs and 3 moves. But what if you wanted to set out 3 cars and pick up 7 cars. If you specify 10 moves for a location it can be any combination of 10 pick ups and set outs. Using "Danville" as our location, we can in our route specify "Danville" twice, back to back. In the first "Danville" we can specify 3 set outs only. In the second "Danville" we can specify 7 pick ups only. Now the program will "try" and meet your request by picking up to 7 cars and dropping off up to 3 cars.

Another example, the program will not allow you to have staging tracks and other types of tracks (spurs, yards, interchanges) at the same location. But using the names above, we could assign yard and spur tracks to "Danville", and then as long as "Danville-1" was the last or first location in a route, assign staging tracks to "Danville-1". Now when the train terminates at Danville, the yard and spur tracks are serviced, and then the train terminates into staging at "Danville-1".

Another example. Let's say we have a mainline train that will service Danville. At Danville we have a yard and several spurs. We want the mainline train to service Danville's yard, but not the spurs. We don't want to use a switcher to service the spurs at Danville. However, we do want locals to service them! We need to tell the program which tracks in Danville are service by which trains.

Solution, we create a yard in "Danville", and create spurs in "Danville-1". The mainline train has "Danville" in it's route. The locals will service "Danville" and "Danville-1". Now the dilemma, do the locals service "Danville-1" or "Danville" first? Not an issue, we create a route for the locals that services "Danville-1", then "Danville", and then "Danville-1". At the first "Danville-1" we request only pick ups at the spurs, at "Danville" we specify both pick ups and set outs to the yard, and at the second "Danville-1" we specify only set outs.

Another solution is to simply use the spur's ability to select which trains can service the track.

### Route Tools

#### Blocking Order

The program when creating a Manifest normally blocks cars in the train by their destination. Cars for the first destination in a train's route are placed immediately after the locomotives, followed by the next location's set of cars, continuing until the last set of cars which can be found at the end of the Manifest's for the train's departure location. But with this tool, you can have a different blocking order. For example, you might want to have the cars for a location placed at the end of the train to facilitate a facing point set out. If you want to change the blocking order for a train, you can use this tool to modify how the program blocks the cars for a location. Use the "Up" or "Down" buttons to change the blocking order, and press the "Save" button to complete the change. Use the reset button to restore the blocking order.

You can also modify the order cars are set out for a location, see Track Blocking Order.

#### Copy Route

You can copy an existing route using this tool that can be found under "Tools" in both the Routes window and Edit Route window. Enter the name of the new route and select the route that you want to copy. If you want to reverse the order of your route, select the "Invert" checkbox before pressing the "Copy" button.

#### Set Train Icon Coordinates

Use this tool to set the default X and Y coordinates of your train icons for each location. The tool allows you to specify the icon coordinates based on the train's direction. You can also update all of your existing routes and locations with these new coordinates. As an alternative, you can use a route's "Tools->Set Train Icon Coordinates for this Route" to create coordinates unique to a specific route. Enter the name of the panel you wish to use in the Settings window.

## Trains

Now that we've created our Routes we need trains to move cars! Create a train by selecting "Tools->Operations->Trains" from the top level menu.

The Trains window shows all of your trains. For each train, there's a checkbox in the "Build" column used to select which trains to build, print, and terminate. The buttons on the bottom of the page will build, print or terminate the trains selected. You can also modify an existing train using the "Edit" button for that train. For each train there's also an action button. You can select one of four actions for your train. The 'Move" action causes a built train to depart its current location and move to the next location in the train's route. The "Conductor" action opens a window that provides the train's Manifest for each location in the train's route. The last two actions are Terminate and "Reset", pressing "Terminate" moves a built train to the last location in the train's route, and completes the work assigned to the train. Reset is used to release all cars assigned to a built train. You can only reset a train that hasn't moved.

There are several checkboxes along the bottom of the Trains window. The "Show All" when selected shows all trains in your roster. When deselected, only trains that have the "Build" checkbox selected are shown. The "Messages" checkbox when selected will present a dialog box whenever a train build failure occurs explaining why the train didn't build. The "Build Report" checkbox when selected provides a Build Report detailing how the train was built by the program. Use the "Print" or "Preview" button for a built train to see the build report. The program always provides a "Report" button under the "Action" column for a train that fails to build.

The "Preview" checkbox when selected, allows you to preview rather than printing your train's Manifest or build report.

If you select the "Generate CSV Manifest" from the Options window found under "Tools" in the Settings or Trains window, two additional checkboxes will appear labeled "Open" and "Run". If the "Open" checkbox is selected the "Function" button for a built train will become "Open" rather than "Print" or "Preview". Pressing a train's "Open" button will allow you to examine the train's comma separated values file. If you select the "Run" checkbox, the function button for a built train becomes "Run". Pressing a train's "Run" button will start the Excel program configured by the Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator) window found in the Trains "Tools" menu .

One of the most important buttons is the "Save Builds" button. When pressed, the program saves all the files that have been modified by building and moving your trains. Pressing this button allows you to shut down the program and resume exactly where you left the program. If you attempt to close the "Trains" window before pressing the "Save Builds" button, a warning will pop up asking you to save your files.

### Add or Edit Train

Press the "Add" button at the bottom left of the "Trains" window to create a new train. Use the "Edit" button in the "Trains" window table to modify an existing train.

Enter the train's name and optional description, and then press the "Add Train" button. Both will show up in the train's Manifest. The train's name will also appear on the train icon, so short names work best. If you want the train's lead locomotive number and departure direction as part of the train's description when printing, enter {0} and {1} respectively for the number and direction. This allows you to create a train description like "Extra 1234 East" for your Manifests and switch lists. You can also include the locomotive's reporting mark (road) by entering {2} in the description.

Next select the route that this train will travel. There's an "Edit" button to the right of the route that allows you to directly edit the selected route. If you haven't created a route for your train, select a blank route and then press the "Edit" button to create a new route. Once a route is selected a list of locations that the train will visit should appear. You can deselect any location that you don't want the train to work. The build report and train tools will refer to unselected locations as being skipped.

#### Train Departure Time

Select the time that this train will depart the first location in its route. You can use the departure time to sort your trains in the order that you want them built when using the Build button at the bottom of the Trains window. Note that if the train's route has a departure time for the first location, the route's departure time is used and the train departure time selection is disabled.

#### Train Rolling Stock

You can decide what type of cars and locomotives the train will service. Select the rolling stock the train will carry by clicking on the appropriate checkboxes. A checked box means the train will service this type of rolling stock.

#### Optional Train Requirements (Add Locomotives, Caboose or FRED)

You can control the number of locomotives that will be assigned to this train, and optionally, the locomotive's model and road. If you don't want the program assigning locomotives to your train, select 0 as the number of locos required. If you want two or more locomotives assigned to a train, the locomotives must be part of a consist or you can select the option to build a consist from single locos. See Build loco consist from single locos under the Train Build Options for more information.

The maximum number of locomotives that you can assign to a train is controlled by the Settings window Maximum Number of Locomotives.

There are two other options available when requesting locomotives, "Auto" and "Auto HPT". "Auto" determines the maximum number of cars that could be assigned to a train, and does a simple locomotive consist assignment based on the number of requested car moves and the route grades. The assignment is done before building the train, so the number of locomotives assigned has nothing to due with engine HP or the train's tonnage. A better choice is the Build loco consist from single locos, that option determines the number of locomotives to assign to a train by tonnage and route grades.

"Auto HPT" is useful when you want to assign a locomotive or consist to a train based on the train's tonnage, route grades, and locomotive/consist horsepower. You can if you wish use this option along with the Build loco consist from single locos option. The program will first assign a locomotive or consist at the start of the train build process, and at the end of the build, determine if the assigned locomotive or consist has the appropriate HP for the train's tonnage and grades. If a locomotive or consist can't be found that meets the HP requirements, the build will fail. You can if you wish also select the option to Build loco consist from single locos which could allow the train to build correctly. The feature "Auto HPT" isn't available for a train departing staging.

You can also require a caboose or car with FRED (Flashing Rear End Device) as the last car in the train when it departs. You can also optionally specify the road for the caboose or car with FRED. If you leave the road blank, the program will try and find a caboose with the same road as the locomotive. Normally the caboose or car with FRED stays with the train until the last location in the train's route. You can add or remove a caboose anywhere in the train's route, see Optional Train Requirements (Locomotive or Caboose Changes en Route) under Train Build Options for more info.

#### Train Comment

You can enter an optional comment for your train that will appear on your Manifests.

#### Reset Train

The "Reset Train" button allows you to remove locomotives and cars that have been assigned to a train. Useful when you want to try various build options and don't what to physically move locomotives and cars on the railroad. Note that you can only reset a built train that hasn't been moved. You can also reset a train from the Trains window.

There are many counters used when building a train and they are NOT restored when using the train reset feature. This includes track use counts, schedules, and car wait values. Therefore new train builds can be different after using the train reset function.

#### Save Train

Press "Save Train" to save your train. The program will create a file named "OperationsTrainRoster.xml". You can find this file in JMRI-> "profile name" -> operations. A backup file with the last settings for all of your trains is also created each time the "Save Train" button is pressed.

### Edit Train Tools

In the upper left side of each "Edit Train" window is the "Tools" menu for that train.

### Train Build Options

In the edit train window menu under "Tools->Train Build Options" are additional options for building a train. You can control which car owners, and built dates the train will service, and have up two locomotive and caboose changes in the train's route. You can also add a request for helper locomotives. Press the "Save Train" button after you've completed your changes.

### Options

#### Use normal mode when building this train

You can request that the program use normal mode when building the train. This is useful when a train departs staging. In normal mode, all of the cars in staging are set out first, where in aggressive mode, the cars in staging are set out last. Selecting this option when you have build failures out of staging, it could fix the failure.

You can also configure the program to always try building a train in normal mode when there's a build failure in a aggressive mode when departing staging. See Try Normal Mode if Build Failure from Staging.

#### Send all car pick ups to terminal

You can also request that all car pick ups along the train's route are sent to the last location in the train's route (terminal). Useful if you don't want your cars picked up and set out at various locations in your train's route.

#### Allow cars to return to staging

When a train departs and returns to the same staging location, it is regarded as a turn by the program. A turn normally takes cars from staging, sets them out on the layout, picks up new cars and returns to staging with those cars. Normally the program doesn't allow the same cars to depart and return to staging. However, it may be desirable to allow the train carry the cars rather than having the program report that cars in staging couldn't be delivered to destinations on the layout. Selecting this option allows a turn to transport cars from and to the same staging location. Note that when this options is selected, that the program will only return cars to staging when destinations are not available on the layout. Although not recommended, you can also set this option for all turns, see Options.

Note that when this option is enabled, the program may have difficulties swapping cars from staging and the layout as the program must assume that all cars in staging could return to staging. When this option is disabled (recommended), the program can ignore the cars in staging and can send cars from the layout to staging without regard to the cars sitting there since the expectation is that all cars in staging will be sent to the layout. The recommendation is to leave this option disabled unless you need your train to carry cars from and to the same staging track.

#### Allow local moves when a car has a custom load

The program when generating car movement normally doesn't create local moves. A local move is a pick up and then a set out of a car at the same location. When you use custom loads, the program can create local moves based on the car's custom load. So if you had a car sitting on a track with a custom load, and you also had a spur with a schedule at the same location requesting that load, the train's Manifest could show the pull and spot as a local move. The same goes for a car with a final destination that's at the car's current location. So if you don't want your train to perform local moves when a car has a custom load or a local final destination, deselect this option.

#### Allow cars to travel from origin to terminal

Normally the program allows cars to travel from the train's departure location (origin) to its last location (terminal). Deselect this option if you don't want the train to carry cars from the train's origin to the terminal. For example, say the train departs Boston (origin), and services Worcester, Springfield, and terminates in New York (terminal). If the option is selected, then the cars could travel from Boston to Worcester, Springfield, or New York. If not selected, then cars from Boston can only travel to Worcester or Springfield, and cars from Worcester or Springfield could go to New York. But through cars from Boston to New York are not allowed.

#### Service all cars with a final destination

This option when selected tells the program to pull cars with a final destination even if the train being built doesn't provide the most efficient route for the car. Useful if you want the train being built to move cars "closer" to their final destination, even if other trains could do it more efficiently. The term "closer" has to be taken with a grain of salt, as the program doesn't really understand distances, only the number of trains needed to move a car. So there will be cases where the train pulls the car, and it will in fact be physically farther from the car's final destination. This option does two things, it will add cars to the train being built that wouldn't normally travel on the train, thus freeing up track space. And second creates more work for your crew as this option can and will increase the number of trains needed to move the car to its final destination.

#### Send cars with custom loads to staging

When the "Send cars with custom loads to staging" is selected, the program will attempt to send a car with a custom load, but without a final destination, to staging when the program finds all of the spurs with schedules full. The program will also send a car to staging if it finds the routes servicing the spurs with schedules have interim yard or C/I tracks that are also full. This option tends to increase car movement to staging by ignoring the Hold cars with custom loads when spurs are full feature for a spur where the program would normally hold a car at its current location when all spurs with schedules are full.

#### Build loco consist from single locos

This option when selected will dynamically build a locomotive consist for you using locos that aren't in a consist. For example, say you request a consist of three locomotives in the edit train window's Optional train requirements. The program when building a train, will first search for a consist of three locos that meet the type, model and road requirements for the train. If the program can't find a three loco consist, it will attempt to find three non-consisted locos that meet the train's requirements. For some operators, they only want certain locomotive models consisted together. To meet this goal, use the "Type" feature for a locomotive, and create types of locomotives that you want consisted. Then assign these types to the locos that you want the program to consider when creating a consist. You would then restrict your train to only service the locomotive type that you wanted for that particular train.

If you want the program to also consider the required horsepower per ton (HPT) along with the train's grades when determining the number of locomotives to assign to a consist, enter a non-zero value in the Settings window under Horsepower per Ton. A value of "1" HPT is prototypical and increasing the value will cause the program to assign more locomotives to the consist based on the tonnage of the train. If you've entered grades in your train's route, the program also considers the HPT needed for the grade. However, if you assign helpers to the train, the HPT for that part of the route is ignored. The program when determining the required HPT for a grade uses the prototypical formula "HPT = Speed x % Grade / 12". The speed when determining the HPT is set to 36 MPH, which means that a 1% grade will require 3 HPT. If you find that the program isn't assigning the "right" number of locos based on grade, simply increase or decrease the grade entered as it isn't shown on the train's Manifest, it is only used for calculating the HPT.

When using this feature, you should enter the minimum number of locos that you want the train to depart with in the option train requirements section of the edit train window. This will cause the program the assign the locos to the train at the start of the build process. This helps keep the train length in check as the HPT calculation is done at the end of the build process, and ignores the route's length restrictions. So it is best if the HPT adjustment adds only one or two locos to your train, thus keeping the train length close to the maximums you specified in the route. You could of course reduce the train lengths in your route if you find that the program is consistently adding one or two locos to the train, and also exceeding the maximum train lengths.

### Train Owners

You can decide which rolling stock the train will service by owner name. Select which owners names you want the train to carry. The control is similar to Train Road Options, see below.

### Train Built Dates

You can control which rolling stock the train will service by their built date. If you want only locomotives and cars built after a certain year, select the "After" radio button and enter a four digit year in the text box. If you only want locomotives and cars built before a certain year, select the "Before" radio button and enter a four digit year in the text box. And if you want to specify a period, select the "Range" radio button and enter the after and before years you want the train to service.

### Optional Train Requirements (Locomotive or Caboose Changes en Route)

You can have up to two locomotive changes while the train is en route. Select "Locomotive change" where you want the change to happen in your route, and how many new locomotives should be assigned to the train. You can optionally select the new locomotives model and road. At the locomotive change location, the previously assigned locomotives will be removed from the train.

OperationsPro™ also gives you three options with regards to the train's caboose. The first option, "Remove caboose", will set out the caboose if one was assigned to the train. The train will then depart the specified location without a caboose. The second option, "No caboose change", either keeps the caboose if one was assigned to the train, or departs without a caboose if there wasn't one assigned to the train. The third option, "Change caboose", will set out the caboose if one was assigned to the train, and then add a new one to the train. This last option becomes "Add caboose" if the train was traveling without a caboose.

You can also request helper locomotives for those long up hill battles that your train might experience. The current code only adds a comment to the Manifest requesting helper service starting at the location you select, and removes the helper service at the second location specified by you.

### Train Load Options

You can decide which car loads the train will service. Select under the "Edit Train->Tools->Train Load Options". This will bring up a new window with several options.

If the train will service any load name, select the "Accept all" radio button. If you want the train to service only some load names, select "Accept only" radio button. To build a list of load names that the train will not service, select the "Exclude" radio button.

There are two pull down menus, the first one is the type of car, and the second the type of load serviced by the car type selected. Use the "Add Load" button to build a list of loads that the train will either service or exclude. The "Delete All" button will remove all loads from the list. You can also associate a load with a particular car type, select the "Use car type and load" checkbox if you want this feature.

### Train Road Options

You can control the roads that the train will service. Select under the "Edit Train->Tools->Train Road Options". This will bring up a new window with several options.

If the train will service any road, select the "Accept all" radio button. If you want to accept only some roads, select "Accept only" radio button. Then use the menu of roads and "Add Road" button to make a list of roads that the train will service. To remove a road from your list, select the road from the menu and use the "Delete Road" button.

To build a list of roads that the train will not service, select the "Exclude" radio button. Then use the menu of roads and the "Add Road" button to build a list of roads that this train will not service.

### Train Manifest Options

You can optionally have a unique railroad name and logo for each train in your roster. You can also decide if your Manifests show the train's arrival and departure times. Use the "Edit Train->Tools->Manifest Options" to set these options.

### Copy Train

Use this tool to make a copy of an existing train. You will need to enter a name for the new train.

### Scripts

If you want to run a script when a train is built, moves or terminates, select under the "Edit Train->Tools->Scripts". This will bring up a new window with several script options.

Included in the jython directory are several examples of operation oriented scripts. These scripts are included in the JMRI download and can be found in the jmri->jython->operations directory.

### Show Car Types Serviced

This diagnostic tool can help you determine why a train will not service a particular car type. You can select a car type and see how the train will service that car type. You can also select a specific car to see how that car would be serviced.

The window shows the train's route along with every location and track that can be serviced by the train. To the right of each track is the current status for the car type currently selected in the drop down menu. If the status is "OK" then this train can pick up and set out this type of car to that specific track. If the status is "Pick Up Only" or "Set Out Only" then the train can only pick up or set out cars to that particular track. A status that begins with an "X" means that the train will not service the track. The following table provides a summary of the various statuses.

Status | Description
--- | ---
OK | Selected car type can be picked up or set out
Pick Up Only | Selected car type can only be picked up from this track
Set Out Only | Selected car type can only be set out to this track
X (Train Type) | Selected car type is not serviced by this train
X (Train Built) | Selected car's built date is not serviced by this train
X (Train Load) | Selected car's load is not serviced by this train
X (Train Owner) | Selected car's owner is not serviced by this train
X (Train Road) | Selected car's road is not serviced by this train
X (Train Skips) | The train doesn't service this location
X (Train Pick up) | The train can't picked up cars from this track
X (Train Set out) | The train can't set out cars to this track
X (Train Local Move) | The train option to allow local moves for cars with custom loads or FD is disabled
X (Local Move) | The train won't perform a local move for cars with a default load
X (Route) | The route doesn't allow pick ups or set outs for this location
X (Route Moves) | The number of requested car moves for this location is zero
X (Location Type) | The location doesn't service the selected car type
X (Track Type) | The track doesn't service the selected car type
X (Track Load) | The track doesn't service the selected car's load
X (Track Road) | The track doesn't service the selected car's road
X (Track Train) | The track doesn't service this train
X (Track Route) | The track doesn't service the train's route
X (Track Destination) | The track doesn't service the car's final destination
X (Track Custom Load) | The track can't service a car with a custom load (FD can override)
X (Dir Loc) | Based on the train's departure direction, the location doesn't allow set outs or pick ups
X (Dir Trk) | Based on the train's departure direction, the track doesn't allow set outs or pick ups
X (Train Schedule) | The spur's schedule train schedule selection prevents the car from being serviced.
X (Schedule Type) | The spur's schedule does not allow the car's type to be serviced.
X (Schedule Load) | The spur's schedule does not allow the car's load to be serviced.
X (Schedule Road) | The spur's schedule does not allow the car's road to be serviced.
X (Schedule) | The spur's schedule does not allow the combination of the car's type, load, and road.
X (Division) | The car's division and load will not allow set outs.

FD = Final Destination

### Train Conductor

The train conductor window provides a train manifest for each location that the train visits. This real time window allows you to see the work needed at a location for a built train, and once the work is completed by selected all of the work checkboxes, allows you to move the train to the next location in the train's route.

#### Modifying a built train

You can also modify the train's manifest by pressing the "Modify" button in the Conductor or Yardmaster window. The modify button once pressed will ask you if you want to add cars to the train. If you answer yes a "Cars" window will appear for the location being serviced. Press the "Set" button for the car you want to add, and in the "Set Car" window under the section "Optional -- Normally Set by Program" enter a destination, destination track, and train for that car. Note that by default, a car's destination and track is disabled, but you can enable it under the "Tools" menu in the set car window. Pressing "Save" should cause the program to ask you if you want to add the car to the train.

To remove a car from the train, press the "Set" button, and the "Set Car" window should appear. Pressing the set car "Save" button will ask you if you really want to remove the car from the train.

### Trains Tools

In the upper left side of the "Trains" window is the "Tools" menu. The first three items; Options, Manifest Print Options, and Build Report Options can also be accessed from the Settings tools menu.

#### Modify Trains by Car Type

The ability to modify the car types that your trains will service can be found under Trains->Tools->Modify Trains by Car Type or Cars->Tools->Modify Trains by Car Type. Very useful when adding a new car type to your roster.

First select the car type you wish to modify. The window will then show which trains can service that car type. Select or deselect the trains you want to service, and press the "Save" button to modify your trains. You can also copy how an existing car is serviced by your trains and apply those rules to another car. To make a car type behave like another, first select the car your would like to copy, then select the "copy" checkbox, the car type will now appear to the right of the checkbox, then select the type of car you want to modify, and press "Save" to have both car types serviced by the same trains.

#### Show Car Types Serviced

See Show Car Types Serviced train tool for more information.

#### Change Train Departure Times

Use this window to change all of your train departure times by certain number of hours. It can be found under Trains->Tools. Useful if you're trying to match the train departure times to a real or fast clock. You also have the option to change the departure times in your routes.

#### Train Row Color

OperationsPro™ gives you two options for color coding the rows in the "Trains" window. You can manually color code your trains, or you can have the program automatically set a train's row color based on the status of the train. For example you could tell the program you want the row colored red if a train fails to build. You can also when using the "Auto" option define a unique color for each train when they are reset. Before switching to "Auto", select the reset row colors for your various trains. You can find this feature under "Tools" in the "Trains" window.

#### Train Schedules

The Train Schedules window allows you to define which trains will run on any given day, and can be found under the Trains->Tools. For each day of the week, select which trains you want to build. Then select which day you want by selecting the appropriate radio button. Then press the "Apply" button to update the Trains "Build" checkboxes. Use the "Save" button to store any changes you made to the train schedules.

To change which day of the week is active, select the appropriate radio button and then press the "Activate" button. The day selected is then used by your schedules (Delivery and Pickup) when building trains. You can also add or change the days of the week by using the "Edit Train Schedule" window found under "Tools". You can change the order by dragging the column with your mouse pointer. Press the "Save" button to complete your changes.

When the "None" radio button is selected, cars with a scheduled pick up day will not be serviced. The "Any" radio button allows you to service all cars, even ones those that have a scheduled pick up day.

There are four buttons labeled "Build", "Print/Preview", "Print Switch Lists/Update Switch Lists", and "Terminate". These buttons facilitate the building of trains, printing the Manifests and switch lists, and terminating the selected trains. Very useful if you're running the program in Consolation mode.

If you've selected the "Preview" checkbox in the Trains window, the "Print/Preview" button becomes "Preview" which allows to you review your train Manifest and switch lists before printing them. The "Print Switch Lists/Update Switch Lists" button becomes "Update Switch Lists" when you deselect the "Real Time" checkbox in the Switch Lists by Location window.

#### Automation

This tool allows you to automate the building, moving, and termination of trains. It can also automate the printing of Manifests and switch lists. This is an advanced feature for operations and is recommended for users that have some experience with the program. If you're new to the program it is recommended that you skip this section.

To create an new automation select "Automation" from the Trains Tools menu, and then press the "Add Automation" button at the bottom of the automations page. This will open a new window called "Add Automation". Give the automation a name and an optional comment, and then press the "Add Automation" button to create the automation. Each automation must have a unique name.

To add your first action to the table, press the "Add" button in the lower left part of the window in a section labeled "Add Item". This should add a line to the table, with four pull down menus labeled "Action", "Train", "Route Location", and "Automation / Other". The three pull down menus after "Action" are enabled if the action selected requires them. For example to build a train, you need to select under the "Action" column "Build Train" and under the "Train" column which train you want to build. If the desired action is to wait for a train to arrive at a certain location in the train's route, you would select the action "Wait for Train", then the name of the train from the "Train" menu, and then finally the location in the train's route from the "Route Location" menu.

In addition to the four pull down menus, there's a checkbox under the column called "HIAF" (Halt If Action Fails) and a button labeled "Add" under the column called "Messages". The "Add" button allows you to enter a message that will pop up when the action is completed. Some actions have two messages, one will show when the action succeeds and another when it fails. Once you enter text into the message areas and press "Okay", the "Add" button for that action becomes "Edit". If it's possible for an action to fail, in addition to the extra failure message text area, there's a checkbox labeled "Halt if action fails". When selected the automation will halt in the event that the action fails to complete. The "Create Default Messages" button will automatically create a success and failure message for you if the text window is empty.

The messages can be useful when debugging your automation, or if you need to pause the automation as it will wait until you press either the "Halt" or "OK" button. If you press the "Halt" button, you can continue from where you were in the automation by pressing the "Resume Automation" button.

If you want more than one action for your automation, press the "Add" button in the "Add Item" area for each action you want to perform. The automation action sequence is from top to bottom. You can if you wish add actions to the middle or end of your sequence by selecting the "Middle or Before Selected Row" or "End" radio buttons respectively. If you select the "Middle or Before Selected Row" radio button you can add an action to the middle of the table, or above a row you've selected in the automation table. You can adjust the order the actions run by using the "Up" or "Down" buttons available for each action. The "Delete" button will remove that action from the automation.

Once you've entered all of the actions you want, you can either step through your actions one at a time using the "Step Automation" button, or run through the entire action sequence using the "Run Automation" button. To stop the action or sequence of actions, you can press the "Stop Automation" button. The "Current" column shows where in the sequence the automation is executing. Pressing the "Resume Automation" button continues running the actions from where the current pointer is. The "Run Automation" button always restarts the automation at the top of the table. If you want to manually reset the current pointer to the start of the table, find under "Tools" "Reset Automation". Useful if you're stepping through the various actions and want to begin at the start of the table. You can also move the current pointer to any action by double clicking the "Current" cell for that action followed by the enter key.

And finally press the "Save Automation" button to make your menu selections valid and save your automation to the OperationsTrainRoster.xml file. The next section provides the details for some of the available actions.

##### Do Nothing

This action can display a message when executed. Use the "Add" button under the "Messages" column to add a message. This can be helpful when debugging an automation by displaying messages when appropriate. Also useful if you need to communicate a manual step in your automation. Otherwise the action does nothing, or for programmers a NOP or no operation.

##### Build Train

This action will build the train selected in the "Train" menu adjacent to the "Build Train" column. This action will report "Failed" if the train fails to build or if you haven't selected a train.

##### Build Train if Selected

This action will build a train if the "Build" checkbox in the Trains window is selected for the train. You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. This action will report "Failed" if you haven't selected a train, or if the "Build" checkbox isn't selected for the train in the Trains window or if the train fails to build.

##### Preview or Print Train Manifest

This action's name and function depends on the "Preview" checkbox in the Trains window. If the "Preview" checkbox is selected, then the action becomes "Preview Train Manifest". If the checkbox is not selected, then the action becomes "Print Train Manifest". You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. This action will report "Failed" if a train isn't selected from the "Train" menu, or the train isn't built.

##### Preview or Print Train Manifest if Selected

This action's name and function depends on the "Preview" checkbox in the Trains window. If the "Preview" checkbox is selected, then the action becomes "Preview Train Manifest if Selected". If the checkbox is not selected, then the action becomes "Print Train Manifest if Selected". You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. This action will report "Failed" if a train isn't selected from the "Train" menu, the train isn't built, or the "Build" checkbox isn't selected for the train in the Trains window.

##### Run Excel for Train

This action will cause an external Excel program to run for the selected train. See Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator) for more information. You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. This action will fail if a train isn't selected from the "Train" menu, of if there isn't an Excel program configured and enabled. Failure info messages are sent to the system console.

##### Move Train

This action will move the selected train to the next location in a train's route, or terminate a train that has arrived at its terminal. If a "Route Location" is selected the program will move the train to the location selected in the train's route. The action will fail if a train isn't selected, or if the train isn't built, or if the train has already passed the location chosen.

##### Is Train En-Route?

Used to determine if a train is en-route to the selected "Route Location". Reports "Success" if the train is built and hasn't arrived at the location selected in the train's route. Reports "Failed" if the train isn't built, has arrived at the selected location, or has departed the selected location.

##### Wait for Train

This action will wait for a train to build or move before executing the next action in the table. If a location is selected from the "Route Location" menu, the program will wait until the train arrives at the location selected. Note that if the train is already at the location chosen, that the program will wait until the next time the train arrives at that location. You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. If the "Build" checkbox for the train being waited on is manually changed from selected to deselected while the "Wait for Train" action is running, the program will cancel the wait and move to the next action in the table.

The program also allows you to wait for more than one train. Just enter each of the trains you want to wait for in consecutive rows. The program will then continue when all of the trains either move or arrive at the selected locations.

##### Wait for Train to Terminate

This action will wait for a train to terminate before executing the next action in the table. Note that if the train is already terminated, that the program will wait until the next time the train is terminated. You must choose a train using the "Train" menu. If the "Build" checkbox for the train being waited on is manually changed from selected to deselected while the wait is running, the program will cancel the wait and move to the next action in the table. You can wait for more than one train to terminate by entering each train you want to wait for in consecutive rows.

##### Activate Train Schedule

This action will activate the selected day in the "Automation / Other" column. Works the same as the "Activate" button in the Train Schedules window.

##### Apply Train Schedule

This action will select trains using the checkboxes in the "Build" column from the Trains window based on which day is active, see "Activate Train Schedules" above to select which day is active. Works the same as the "Apply" button in the Train Schedules window. There must be an active day for this action to work.

##### Select Train (Build)

Selects the "Build" checkbox for the specified train in the Trains window. One use is to control which trains are displayed in the "Trains" window. See the "Show All" checkbox in the Trains window. You must choose a train using the "Train" menu.

##### Deselect Train (Build)

Deselect the "Build" checkbox for the specified train in the Trains window.

##### Preview Switch List or Print Switch List

This action can preview or print switch lists for your locations depending on the "Preview" checkbox in the Trains window. Switch lists are created for the locations selected in the Switch Lists by Location window.

##### Preview Switch List Changes, Print Switch List Changes, or Update Switch Lists

This action can either preview switch list changes, print switch list changes, or update your switch lists depending on the "Preview" checkbox in the Trains window, and the "Real Time" checkbox in the Switch Lists by Location window. If the "Real Time" checkbox isn't selected, the program is running in consolidation mode which allows you to build a switch list by building and terminating multiple trains. When the action "Update Switch List" runs, switch lists are updated with the work created by building new trains. The other two actions are "Preview Switch Lists Changes" and "Print Switch Lists Changes" and these are available when running the program in real time, and allows you to preview or print switch lists that have new work since the last time they were printed. Switch lists are previewed, printed, or updated depending on the locations selected in the Switch Lists by Location window.

##### Wait for Switch List Change

This action will wait for new work for locations created by train builds. The locations monitored are selected in the Switch Lists by Location window.

##### Generate Switch List

This action works like the "Generate CSV Switch List" button in the Switch Lists by Location window. It will create CSV files for each of the locations selected in the window'

##### Generate Switch List Changes

This action works like the "Generate CVS Switch List Changes" button in the Switch Lists by Location window. There has to be new work at one of the locations selected in the Switch Lists by Location window for this action to succeed.

##### Run Excel Switch List

This action works like the "Run" button in the Switch Lists by Location window. It will create CSV files for each of the locations selected in the window, and then run the configured Excel program to generate custom printouts. See Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator) for more information.

##### Run Excel Switch List Changes

This action works like the "Run Changes" button in the Switch Lists by Location window. There has to be new work at one of the locations selected in the Switch Lists by Location window for this action to succeed.

##### Run Automation

This action can run any automation. You must select an automation from the "Automation" menu.

##### GOTO

This action allows you to jump to any action in the table. You must select the action id you want to goto from the "Automation" menu.

##### If Success GOTO

This action will cause the automation to jump to the action id selected from the "Automation" menu when the previous action is successful. If the previous action failed, the automation continues to the next action in the table.

##### Halt

This action stops the execution of the automation. You can use the "Step Automation" or "Resume Automation" button to continue the automation by running the next action in the list.

#### Automation Tools

##### Reset Automation

This tool will stop a running automation, reset the current pointer to the start of the table, and clear the status for all of the actions.

##### Copy Automation

This tool will allow you to make a copy of an automation. Enter a name for the new automation and select which automation you want to copy. Then press "Copy" and that should open a new automation window with a copy of the automation you selected.

##### Resume Automations

This tool will restart all automations that were running when the operation files were last saved. The function is the same as pressing the "Resume" button for each automation in the Run column of the main automation window. Note that for the program to detect that an automation was running when the files were saved, the current action pointer must not be at the first action in the automation, therefore it is recommended that you not use any of the "Wait for" actions as the very first line item of an automation, instead use "Do Nothing" action followed by the needed "Wait for" action.

This is the end of the automation section.

#### Copy Train

This tool allows you to copy an existing train. Enter a new name for the train you wish to copy, then select the train you want to copy, then press the "Copy" button.

#### Train Scripts

You can run a script when starting and / or shutting down OperationsPro. Use the "Add Script" buttons to select the scripts you want to run.

#### Print or Preview Saved Train Manifests

If you've selected the Save Train Manifests option, you can print or preview a train Manifest that was previously created by the program and saved.

#### Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator)

The ability to configure an Excel program to create custom manifests can be found under Trains -> Tools. Dan Foltz who is a JMRI user/programmer has developed the "Manifest Creator" and "Switch List Creator". You can find a copies of the programs at JMRI users files Operations. Place the program "MC4JMRI.xls" or "SWC4JMRI.xlsm" along with any other files needed in the JMRI/operations/csvManifest directory. You can of course create your own program and also install it in the csvManifest directory.

You can enable the creation of the comma separated values (.csv) files needed for an external Excel program from the Train's "Tools" menu "Setup Excel Program" or from the Options "Generate CSV Manifests".

You can also create custom switch lists. Place the programs in the JMRI/operations/csvSwitchList directory. You can configure the name of the Excel program by opening the "Switch List by Location" window using the "Switch Lists" button at the bottom of the "Trains" window. Then under "Tools" in the "Switch List by Location" window, select "Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator)". You must also enable the creation of CSV switch list files, see Options "Generate CSV Switch Lists" for more information.

#### Export Trains

The export Trains tool produces a comma separated values (.csv) file for the trains selected in the "Build" column.

#### Export Timetable Data

The export Timetable tool produces a comma separated values (.csv) file for the Timetable application. You can also use the "Import from OperationsPro..." found in the Timetable application to create and import in one step. The OperationsPro™ export creates a "Segment" called "Locations" based on an alphabetical list of location names, or if you create a route named "Timetable", produces a segment of locations based on the route's location order.

During the export, the program will calculate the maximum work times at each train's location based on the move counts in the train's route for trains that aren't built, and the actual work time for built trains. The work time is referred to as "Duration" in the Timetable application stop sequence.

Only trains that are selected in the build column are exported. Each export will create a new schedule based on the date of the export. The export works best if the travel time in the Settings window is between 1 and 4 minutes.

#### Export Train Lineups

The export Trains Lineups tool produces a comma separated values (.csv) file for built trains that are also selected in the "Build" column.

### Switcher Service (Local)

Many operators assign a locomotive to a location to do the local switching. Using the location's switch list allows the person assigned to the location to service all trains that stop at that location. However, there can be locations that don't get enough work servicing through trains and it would be nice to create some additional work for the crew member assigned to that location. To create a local "switcher" job, create a route with just one location, the location that the switcher will service, and assign that route to a train. The "train" now becomes a switcher that will only service that location. Adjust the "Move" count in the route to control how many cars the switcher will service.

Since a local switcher only services a single location, the program ignores the train direction control in the switcher's route, and therefore the location and track service direction controls for a train are also ignored by the program. If you only want a track to be serviced by a switcher, deselect all the train direction controls for that track. Only a switcher will service a track that doesn't have any direction boxes selected.

#### Switcher Restrictions

OperationsPro™ when generating a Manifest for a switcher (a train with a single location in its route) will by default never move a car from a spur to a spur or yard to a yard, only yard to spur or spur to yard. This rule also applies to interchanges. This restriction helps prevent unrealistic car movements between spurs (industries). However, if you want a spur to spur move, use a Schedule to create the car move. You can also disable this restriction see Options.

## Building Trains

To build one train, press the "Build" button in the row for the desired train in the Trains window. The button will become "Print" or "Preview" after the train is built depending on the state of the "Preview" checkbox located at the bottom of the "Trains" window. If you want to review how the train was built, select the "Build Reports" checkbox before pressing the "Print" or "Preview" button for the desired train. If the "Preview" checkbox is selected, the program will generate the Build Report and Manifest and present them in preview windows. If you want to build several trains without having to press individual buttons for each train, select the trains that you want built and press the "Build" button found at the bottom of the trains window. The program will then build Manifests for all of the selected trains.

If a train fails to build, the "Action" button will change its text to "Report". Pressing "Report" will print or preview the build report for this train. Whenever a train fails to build, a build failure message will appear. If you want to disable this feature deselect the checkbox "Build Messages".

You can manually remove or add cars to a built train, see Set Car.

You can also control which trains are shown in the Trains window. When the "Show All" checkbox is deselected, only trains that have the "Build" checkbox selected are shown.

## Train Status

After pressing the "Build" button for a train, the train's status will become "Built", "Partial X/Y", or "Build Failed". A "Built" train status means that the program was able to provide exact number of car moves requested by the train's route. A train status of "Partial X/Y" means that the program was only able to provide "X" cars out of the "Y" requested by the train's route. For example let's say you wanted a total of 23 cars moved as defined by the train's route, and the program could only provide 19, the status would be "Partial 19/23". As long as the number of cars found by the program is reasonably close to the requested, then the program was able to build the train to your expectations. "19/23" or 19 cars out of 23 cars would be considered by most as reasonable.

When a train fails to build the status becomes "Build Failed" see Build Reports to understand how to troubleshoot a build failure.

After successfully building a train, you can have the train depart and travel to the first location in your train's route by pressing the "Move" button. The train's status would then become "en route", and the status will also show the number of cars in the train, along with the train's current length and weight. Once the train reaches the last location in the train's route, pressing the "Move" button again causes the program to terminate the train, and the train's status becomes "Terminated" along with the date and time of when the train was terminated.

## Build Reports

If you want to examine how a train was built, you can select the "Build Reports" checkbox at the bottom of the train window, and then press the "Print" or "Preview" button for that train. The program will then provide the train Manifest and build report for your viewing. You can also access a train build report from the Edit Trains window under Tools.

You can also find a copy of the train build report file in the "operations" directory in a subdirectory called "buildstatus". Each train build report has its own file with the .txt extension and the name of the train as part of the file name. You can if you wish use a text editor to view the train build report file.

When a train build fails for any reason, the train action button becomes "Report" which allows you to access the build report for that train. The program will send the report to your printer if the "Preview" isn't selected, or to a preview window or text editor if the "Preview" is selected. The build report can print out different levels of detail, from minimal to very detailed. See the Settings section Build Report Options for more information on how to change the build report detail level.

## Problems Building Trains How to Fix

The most common reason for a build failure is requesting a caboose or car with FRED and the program can't find a caboose or car with FRED at the start of the train's route. The program must also find a track at the train's destination that can service the caboose or car with FRED. Note that you must select the "Caboose" checkbox to make a car a caboose, the type name "Caboose" doesn't make a car a caboose, as you can name your "crummy" or "hack" anything you want.

The next common reason for a build failure is requesting a certain number of locomotives for the train, and the locos aren't at the start of the train's route. If you request more than 2 locos for a train, they must be part of a consist, or you've selected the option for the program to build a consist from individual locomotives. Again, the program must find the requested number of locomotives at the start of the route, and must also find track that can service the locos at the end of the train's route.

The third most experienced reason for a build failure is when a train is departing staging and the program can't find destinations for the cars. It is a requirement that a train must depart with all cars on the staging track, no cars can be left behind in staging. A build failure will occur if the program can't find destinations for all of the cars departing staging.

Reading the build report can detail exactly why the train failed to build allowing you to correct the problem. When reading the build report, use the "Very Detailed" option as it provides the most information with regards to how the program works and why the failure occurred.

### Reading the Build Report

OperationsPro™ when building a train creates a Build Report and saves it to a file. Normally you would access the build report from the Trains window or from the edit train "Tools" menu. The train build report text files can be found in the operations->buildstatus directory. The build report shows the steps the operations program goes through while building a train. The first page provides the route the train will travel and the number of car moves requested for each location. The report then shows the car type and locomotive types that the train will service. By reading the various messages in the report you can get an idea of steps the operations program goes through to build a train. When there's an issue that the operation's build can't resolve, the build will fail. To understand why a build failed, go to the last page of the build report and by working backwards from the last line, you should be able to understand why a train failed to build.

You can if you wish use a text editor instead of the print preview window. A text editor allows you to search the report for a specific car or issue. You can select this option from the Build Report Options under "Tools" in the Setup or Trains window.

### Build Report Details

For those who want to understand how OperationsPro™ builds trains here's the overview.

The program can create car movement in one of two ways, "random" and "routing". Cars that haven't been assigned a division, or don't have a final destination or custom load are found destinations using the random method. Cars assigned to a division, or with a final destination or a custom load are routed. The term "random" is used to describe car movement from session to session, as using this method causes cars to move but not in a deterministic way. Whereas cars that are "routed" are moved from session to session in a predictable way, closer to their final destination.

The random method uses a series of counters to determine which cars should travel to which tracks. These counters and the restrictions you place on the trains and tracks determine the possibilities that the program can choose from. Each time a locomotive or car is assigned to a train during the build process, a count associated with them is incremented. The program uses this count, called "Moves" in the "Cars" and "Locomotives" windows, to determine which rolling stock hasn't moved recently and tries to place rolling stock with the least number of moves first when building new trains. Each time a car or locomotive sent to a track, the program increments a count associated with that track. The program tries to move cars and locos to tracks that have experienced the least use.

The routing method also uses the car's move count to determine which cars to look at first. A car needs to be routed when it has a final destination (think ship to address). The program will try and route the car to its final destination using up to six trains. If the car has a custom load and no final destination, the program will search for a spur with a schedule that is demanding that car's load, and then will then give the car a final destination that is the spur, and then route the car to that spur.

Cars that are routed move with a purpose, they will travel from location to location using the most efficient route the program can find. Most of the time cars are routed though classification or interchange (C/I) tracks, but the program will use yard tracks if needed, and allowed.

#### More details

At the beginning of the train build process, if the train requires a locomotive or several locomotives, the program will look for locomotives at the start of the route and then determines if the termination location will accept them. Note that if two or more locomotives are required for the train that the locomotives must be in a consist, or the option to build loco consist from single locos must be enabled.

When building a train only rolling stock at locations that are part of the train's route are used. With regards to cars, in addition to the number of moves a car has experienced, the car's load priority is also considered. The program will try and find destinations for cars with high priority loads before low priority loads.

The next step in the build process is to optionally assign a caboose or car with FRED to the train. If the program finds the required caboose or car with FRED at the start of the route, the program tries to find a track at the termination location that will accept it. If successful, all other cabooses and cars with FRED are removed from the available car list.

Next the program will assign cars to the train starting from the departure location. Each car goes through the process of searching for a track at each location along the train's route that will accept the car. Another count assigned to a track is used to determine if the track has been serviced recently. Tracks with the least amount of service get priority. Once the program finds a track at a location, the search continues until all locations in the train's route are checked. If the program finds more than one location for the car, it will use the number of moves requested in the train's route and the number of cars already assigned to a location to determine which destination is the most appropriate. The process continues until the number of car moves requested by a location is met, or the available cars being processed by the program is used up. Once the car moves requested for a location is met, the next location in the route is examined. This continues until all locations in a train's route have been processed.

The program can build trains in one of two modes, Normal or Aggressive. In normal mode, the program sends cars to tracks that have physical space for the new cars. In aggressive, the program can send cars to tracks that are full as long as one or more of the cars on that track is scheduled to be picked up. A car can be scheduled to be picked up by a previously built train, or by the one being built.

In aggressive mode , the program when figuring out destinations for cars, will perform multiple passes when determining where to place cars. Using the default value of two passes, the first pass uses 50% of the available moves for each location when determining the number of cars to pick up, and the second pass does the remainder. By doing multiple passes, the program can "free" up some tracks that already have cars there, thus increasing the number of cars that the train can service. Once a car has been scheduled for a pick up by a train in aggressive mode, the car's current track space is available for other trains to use.

There is an exception when departing staging in aggressive mode, the program will skip searching for destinations for cars out of staging on the first pass unless the Use normal mode when building this train is selected. The thinking is that car pick ups along the train's route will free up space which should provide more possibilities for cars out of staging. However, if you have tight train length restrictions along the train's route, the program might not find destinations for cars out of staging while keeping the train length in check. If you find in the build report that the train length is an issue for cars out of staging, try building the train using the "Use normal mode when building this train" found under Train Build Options in the "Tools" menu under Edit Train.

When a car has a final destination which can be set by a schedule or manually using the Set Car window, the program will try and route the car to that destination. If the program can't find a train or series of trains that can deliver the car to the destination, it will try and move the car in an attempt to find a way to get the car to the destination.

If a car has a custom load without a destination, the program will search for a spur with a schedule demanding that car type and load, the program will then route the car to that destination. The program will use up to six trains to route a car to a destination. The program when determining how many cars an industry can serve considers the length of the spur serving the industry, and the length of the alternate track if one is specified. If the car is departing staging with a custom load, the "Percentage of custom loads generated by staging" is used to determine if the car should be sent to that industry. See Schedules for more details.

Sometimes reading the build report can get tedious. A text editor allows you to search the report, you can select this option from the Build Report Options under "Tools" in the Setup or Trains window.

### Printing Manifests

After building a train, the "Build" button will become "Print" or "Preview" depending on the state of the checkbox called "Preview" located in the lower part of the Trains window. Pressing the "Print" button will print the Manifest for that train. Pressing the "Preview" button will produce a window in which you can review the Manifest. If you want to print Manifests for several trains, select the trains you want in the build column and then press the "Print" or "Preview" button found at the bottom of the trains window. The program will then print or preview Manifests for all of the selected trains. You can modify the look of your Manifests from the Manifest Print Options window.

You can also access a train's Manifest and Build Report from the "Tools" menu in the edit train window. The "Tools" menu option allows you to recover the Manifest and build report for a train that has been terminated. Useful if you've accidentally terminated a train before printing out the train's Manifest. Below is a train Manifest using the "Standard" format, with blue text for car pick ups, and red text for car set outs.

Below is a train Manifest using the "Two Column (Track)" format, "Tabular" and "Print Headers" selected, along with changes to the Manifest header and Manifest text fields. We've seen cases where the text and the column lines don't line up properly when using the "Two Column" formats. To fix this issue, you might have to play with the Manifest font type and size to get the text to line up properly. The page below was created with "Courier New" and a font size of 10.

An alternative to using the Manifests provided by OperationsPro™ is to create a custom Manifest. Shown below is a train Manifest (LS) and switch list for locations Lakeview and Bakersfield using Dan Foltz's Switch List Creator version 1.2 (SLC4JMRI.xlsm). This particular custom format allows you to use a half sheet of paper for your crew. Note that the Car Types was changed in the Settings window from "Descriptive" to "AAR Codes" before using Dan's Excel program.

### Switch Lists

A switch list shows the work required to service all of the trains visiting that location. Normally a switch list is given to the person in charge of a yard or a location with many spurs or industries. You can modify the look of your switch lists from the Manifest Print Options window. Below is a switch list using the "Standard" format and "Tabular" selected, along with "Print Headers", and changes to the header text fields.

Press the "Switch Lists" button found at the bottom of the "Trains" window if you want a switch list for a given location. A menu will appear that allows you to select which locations to preview or print. Once you've determined which locations you want to print or preview, press the "Save" button to keep your selections.

The "Print Switch List Changes" button will become active after you've printed out your switch lists, and a change occurs to one of your locations due to building a new train. Pressing this button will send only new switch lists for a location to your printer.

The switch list menu also lets you add a comment to the switch list for a location and select which printer to use when printing out the switch list. Note that the program when printing out Manifests will also use the printer associated with the train's departure location.

You can also get a paperless version of a switch list by activating the appropriate Yardmaster window for a location.

### Switch List Options

There are three options for adjusting the switch lists to your liking. The first checkbox option "All Trains" when selected tells the program to print all trains that visit a location, even if the train doesn't have any work. If you deselect this option, then the program only prints out trains that have work at that location.

The next option, "Page Format", controls how much paper is used when printing out switch lists. The "Normal" mode uses the least amount of paper, and will list the trains servicing the location one after another. The "Page per Train" option when selected causes the program to print a train's switch list on a new page for each train. This way your crew when completing the work for a train, can simply discard the paperwork for that train. This mode is also useful if you have more than one crew member working a location, this way they can easily hand out the work by train. The final option is "Page per Visit", this option prints a new page each time a train visits the location. Useful if you don't want multiple visits by a train to be on the same set of pages.

The last option "Real Time" is whether you want your switch lists in real time or consolidation mode. Normally you would generate your switch lists in real time. In this mode the switch list for a location shows the work planned for trains that are built and not yet terminated.

If you only want to print out work for new trains, then deselect the real time option. Once you've printed out the switch list for a location, when new work is created by building trains, the old work for older trains is deleted. Note that you can use preview to see what work a location has, but until you print it, new work will be added to whatever work is currently scheduled. So please understand that preview and print work differently in consolidation mode.

Another use for consolidation mode is to create large switch lists for a location by building and terminating several trains. For example, if you have a small layout, you might have to build and terminate quite a few trains in order to generate enough work for your crew. If you use switch lists in real time you have to print them out before you terminate your trains. Now if there isn't much work your switch list is going to be pretty short. By deselecting the "Real Time" checkbox you can consolidate several small switch lists in to one larger one. Use this mode if you want to save paper, otherwise don't bother, as it can be difficult to use. It's a bit complicated, so here's the order you need to do things:

- Press the "Switch Lists" button found at the bottom the "Trains" window.
- Select which locations you want switch lists for in the "Switch Lists by Location" window.
- Deselect the "Real Time" checkbox and press "Save".
- Now build the trains you want consolidated switch lists for.
- Press the "Switch Lists" button again if you've closed the Switch List window.
- Then press the "Preview Switch Lists" or "Update Switch Lists" button.
- Now print out your train Manifests and terminate the trains you want terminated.
- Continue building, updating switch lists, and terminating trains until your happy with the amount of work generated.
- Finally, print out your switch lists.

Printing out the switch list for a location tells the program that you're done consolidating your trains for this location. The program will clear the switch list when the next change occurs to that location. If there are no changes to a location, then the switch list is a copy of the last one printed. This allows you to print more than one copy of the switch list if needed.

The Train Schedules window has buttons along the bottom of the window that simplify the building of train Manifests and consolidating train switch lists.

If you select or deselect any of the switch list options, you will need to press the "Save" button to activate them.

#### Consolidation Mode Buttons (Not Real Time)

When you deselect the "Real Time" checkbox, two new buttons will appear, "Update Switch Lists" and "Reset Switch Lists". The "Update Switch Lists" is used to append new train builds to the existing switch lists for each of the locations selected. The "Reset Switch Lists" removes terminated and reset trains from your switch lists, and restores all switch lists for trains that are built.

### Custom Switch Lists

You can if you wish create custom switch lists using an Excel program. You can configure where to find the Excel program for custom switch lists from the "Switch Lists by Location" window "Tools" menu. Or go to Options and select the "Generate CSV Switch List" to enable this feature. For more information see Setup Excel Program (Manifest Creator).

When the feature to generate CSV Switch Lists is enabled, the program will create a comma separated values file for each of the selected locations. You can find the CSV files in the csvSwitchList directory.

Two new buttons will appear at the bottom of the "Switch Lists by Location" window, "Run", and "Run Changes". The "Run" button is used to create custom switch lists for all of the selected locations by executing an Excel program. The "Run" button will if needed, create the CSV files needed before asking the Excel program to create and print a custom switch list. The "Run Changes" will only create new switch lists for locations that have new work.

### Moving Trains

After providing your crew with a printed Manifest or location switch list, you must keep the program database synchronized with the actual movement of trains on your layout. This is done by the train "Move" buttons located on the right side of the Trains window. Pressing the "Move" button will cause the train to depart its current location move to the next location in the route. The locomotives and cars assigned to the train will travel to the next location on the railroad. At each location, cars can be picked up or set out. You can also move a train by selecting the train's icon and selecting "Move" from the icon's pop-up menu. Each press of the "Move" button moves the train closer to its terminal location. When the train arrives at the last location in the route, the last press of the "Move" button will terminate the train. Once a train is terminated, you can build it again.

### Terminate Train

When you terminate a train, you are asking the program to move the train from its current location to its final destination. The cars and locomotives associated with the train will be picked up and delivered to the locations shown in the train Manifest. After terminating a train the locomotives and cars associated with that train become available for other trains. Therefore you should terminate a train only after it actually arrives at the final destination in the train's route. To terminate several trains, select the trains you wish to terminate in the build column and press the "Terminate" button at the bottom of the Trains window.

### Save Builds

Pressing the "Save Builds" button causes the program to update the train, car, locomotive, and location xml files. Any time you "Move" a train the operations program will make changes to the train, car, locomotive, and location databases. The data must be saved before you shut down JMRI, otherwise you will lose all of the changes that the operations program made to move a train to the next location. Pressing the "Save Builds" button before quitting JMRI allows the operations program to resume exactly at the point where you pressed the "Save Builds" button.

## Building Multiple Trains for a Session

Most operating sessions require more than one train to keep your crew busy. The correct way to do this is to build and print all of the trains needed before terminating them. So if you need a dozen trains for a session, you must build twelve trains before you terminate any one train. Terminating a train tells the program that the locomotives and cars in that particular train have been delivered to their final locations and can be used again when building new trains. So always build all, print all, THEN terminate each train after completing its run! It is okay to build all trains, print all trains, and then use the "Save Builds" button and shut down the program. Later you can restart the program and terminate the trains that completed their runs.

The correct time to terminate a train is when the train actually arrives at its destination. Terminating a train before it completes it run means that the operation program incorrectly believes that the locomotives and cars have been delivered. It is better to build and print twelve trains and then later find out that only nine trains completed their runs. You would then terminate nine trains, and leave the other three for next time. Or if you wish you could reset any trains that didn't depart from their terminal. Reseting trains really isn't necessary, the trains that didn't run during this session could run the during the next session.

An alternate method is to build, print, and use the "Move" button for each train to track the actual movement of the trains during your session. As long as the trains on your layout match the locations in the program you can build a new train.

## Operations Windows

All of the Operations windows can be resized and placed to your liking. You can also adjust the table columns widths and the order the columns are displayed. When you close the window, the size and window location on your screen is saved.

## Operations Web Access

You can also access some of the OperationPro™ windows from a browser. For more information see JMRI Web Access.

By enabling frames found in Preferences Web Server, you can access OperationPro™ windows like the Yardmaster which shows the work for a location.

End of OperationsPro™ help.