JMRI: Digitrax Downloader
Author: Bob Jacobsen
Keywords: JMRI help digitrax downloader

# LocoNet® "Download Firmware" Tool

Table of Contents
General information Disclaimer Updating Device Firmware Contents What if my device does not work correctly after updating the firmware? Verifying Device Firmware Contents Error Messages "You Must Select An Input File" Pop-up Window "File Not Found" Pop-up Window "Invalid value for Options key" Pop-up Window "Firmware file cannot be read." Status Message "Invalid parameter(s) above." Status Message Do not have any firmware information to send." Status Message "Firmware content in the file is not understood" Status message "Invalid Prog Blk Size parameter in file" dialog box message What this tool does and does not do Some devices which support firmware update via this tool Devices which are not supported by this tool Other Notes If you need additional help |

## General information

Some LocoNet devices allow users to update the firmware (internal program) via the LocoNet connection. The LocoNet Download Firmware tool provides a mechanism to perform updates via a LocoNet connection.

This tool is not used for loading sound projects into Digitrax sound decoders. The Sound Download Tool may be used for that purpose.

This tool supports firmware update files distributed as either the ".dmf" (Digitrax Mangled Firmware) file format or a ".hex" file format (sometimes referred to as the Intel "I8HEX" file format).

This version of the tool automatically determines how to interpret the firmware update and performs a number of file and data integrity checks before the update information can be used. If any issues are identified in the firmware file, the user is informed and the tool will not allow the user to update the device with what could be erroneous firmware information. This significantly reduces the risk of corrupting the device firmware as compared to previous versions of this tool.

## Disclaimer

This tool is capable of modifying the firmware in LocoNet devices in ways that could make the devices inoperable. The developers of this tool have attempted to reduce the chances that the tool would corrupt a LocoNet device's firmware. We have successfully tried this tool with a variety of LocoNet devices, computers, operating systems, LocoNet interfaces, and firmware update files.

We cannot guarantee that there is no risk of corrupting device firmware when using this tool. It is impossible for the tool developers to predict every way of using the tool and it is impossible to predict the nuances of various devices, firmware files, computer operating systems, computer-to-LocoNet interface hardware, etc.

In cases where a firmware update attempt does not apply properly, it is often possible to re-apply the firmware update to the device to restore proper device functionality. This has been recommended by at least one LocoNet device manufacturer and has been found to be effective in some cases by the developers of this tool.

Use this tool at your own risk.

## Updating Device Firmware Contents

To use this tool to update a LocoNet device's firmware:

- Consult the device manufacturer to determine if the device supports user updates of firmware.
- Acquire the appropriate firmware file from the device manufacturer.
- It is best to perform LocoNet firmware updates with a very simple LocoNet environment, including as little LocoNet hardware as possible. A good choice for a simple LocoNet firmware update configuration would include the device to be updated, a LocoNet-based command station, and a PC-to- LocoNet interface device. A simple LocoNet configuration helps reduce the amount of other LocoNet message traffic that could potentially disrupt the firmware update process. If you plan to re-configure your LocoNet connectivity to perform firmware updates, be sure that you will be able to restore your LocoNet connectivity properly once you have completed the update process. Take notes or make a drawing if necessary.
- The device being updated must be plugged into a live LocoNet connection. If the device can be battery powered, ensure that the batteries are good before starting this process. If the device uses an external power supply, ensure that it is powered and attached.
- Some devices may require changes to jumpers or DIP switch settings, and perhaps require removal and restoration of power, in order to allow the device to accept the firmware update via LocoNet. Devices produced by Digitrax which support LocoNet firmware updates do not require any physical configuration changes to the device. Consult the LocoNet device manufacturer's firmware update instructions for details.
- Open the LocoNet Firmware Download tool by selecting the "Download Firmware" item from the LocoNet menu. If you have more than one LocoNet connection, you must open the tool from the LocoNet menu which is associated with the connection which communicates with the device you wish to update.
- Click the Select button, and select the .dmf file or .hex file you want to use as the source of your firmware update. Click the Open button to select the file for use. The file will then be read and inspected for errors.

  If the file is read and parsed successfully, the tool window will enable the "Download" and "Verify" buttons, and update the status message at the bottom of the window to state "Click Download to download new firmware".

  If the file cannot be read and parsed successfully, a pop-up message will appear or the tool window will update the status message at the bottom of the window with a description of the problem it found. For more information, see Error Messages, below.

- Only if instructed to by the device manufacturer, change the various values in the Firmware File Properties portion of the display. It is usually not necessary to change any of the values.
- Click the Download button to update the firmware in the device. This may take a few seconds or minutes, depending on the amount of firmware to be updated and the speed at which the messages are sent to the device. A progress bar is displayed below the "Download", "Verify", and "Abort" buttons to show progress of the update process. The bar will darken from one end to the other as the update gets closer to completion.
- Once the update tool completes its work, the tool is unable to tell if the LocoNet device has properly accepted the update. This is a limitation of the LocoNet messaging used for the firmware update and firmware verify processes. Because of this limitation, the tool is only able to report that it has completed its work.

  The device may provide an indication that the update process has completed (or failed) using lights on the product or on the display of the product. Consult the device manufacturer's instructions for further information.

- After performing the firmware update, it may be necessary to reset or remove and restore power to the device. Consult the manufacturer's firmware update instructions.
- If you re-configured your LocoNet connectivity for a simplified LocoNet at the beginning of the firmware update process as described above, restore the LocoNet connectivity to its normal state.

## What if my device does not work correctly after updating the firmware?

Sometimes the device firmware update process does not appear to work, and the device may fail to provide its normal functionality. Often, repeating the firmware update process one or more times will solve the problem. This has been recommended by at least one LocoNet device manufacturer and has been found to be effective in many cases by the developers of this tool.

As an example, if the firmware in a Digitrax DT402D throttle has been updated and that update was not successful, when the DT402D throttle is powered up, the display will usually show a series of dim, filled-in rectangles rather than the normal power-up display of model and firmware revision information. In this case, re-updating the device, using the process shown above, will usually restore the throttle to proper functionality.

In other cases, a device may not be easily restored to proper operation after a firmware update attempt. In this case, consult the device manufacturer for further instructions.

Consult your device documentation and, if necessary, the device manufacturer's technical support if your device fails to function properly after updating its firmware.

## Verifying Device Firmware Contents

Some devices support a firmware "verify" process. This tool can perform the process to send the appropriate LocoNet messages by using the "Verify" button in the tool window. This tool cannot provide any indication of whether the device firmware does or does not match the firmware update file's information because there is no well-defined LocoNet message that conveys this type of information to the tool. Instead, the device may provide the pass or fail results of the verify process, perhaps by a specific blink sequence on an LED or by displaying a message on a display on the device. If a LocoNet device supports the verify operation, the manufacturer' s instructions should describe how the product provides status information for the results of the verify process.

## Error Messages

This tool can identify problems at two different stages of the firmware update process. The tool checks for problems within the firmware update file when reading the file. When the user activates the "Download" or "Verify" button, the tool checks the validity of the parameters which the user can change in the tool window for obvious problems. If any issues are found at either of these stages, the tool will update the message at the bottom of the tool window. If a parameter is found to be out of range, that parameter value will be shown with red text instead of black text. The "Download" and "Verify" buttons will not perform any useful function if any of the parameters are invalid.

Typically, when this type of pop-up window appears, a message in the JMRI "console" log will provide additional technical detail about the problem. The firmware update file provider may find this information useful in correcting firmware update file issues.

The tool may also create a pop-up window under certain circumstances.

### "You Must Select An Input File" Pop-up Window

The tool will open a pop-up window with this message if the user uses the "Cancel" button on the file selection pop-up window. The tool cannot perform a firmware update if no firmware file is selected.

### "File Not Found" Pop-up Window

The tool will open a pop-up window if the file selected by the user does not exist. The pop-up window will state that the file was not found. Use the "Select" button to re-specify the correct firmware file.

### "Invalid value for Options key" Pop-up Window

The tool will open a pop-up window if the file selected by the user contains a value for the "Options" key which is not supported by this tool. Consult the device manufacturer for advice if this occurs.

### "Firmware file cannot be read." Status Message

This status message is shown when an abnormal event occurs which prevents the tool from reading the file from the disk. This is typically a problem with the computer or the media from which the file is being read.

### "Invalid parameter(s) above." Status Message

This message indicates that one or more of the values are out of range. Usually it is unnecessary for the user to change any of the parameter values because either the tool's default values are appropriate or because the firmware file specifies the required values. If an invalid value is found in one of the parameter entry fields, the invalid parameter will be highlighted in red. To resolve the problem, close the Firmware Download tool, then re-open it and re-read the file. Be careful not to change any of the parameter field values. If the tool still identifies a value as invalid, consult the device manufacturer.

### Do not have any firmware information to send." Status Message

This status message indicates that the firmware file did not contain any valid firmware information. Consult the device manufacturer for a valid firmware file.

### "Firmware content in the file is not understood" Status message

When the tool reads a firmware file which it does not understand, it will show the message "Firmware content in the file is not understood by this reader." in the status line at the bottom of the tool window. Consult the device manufacturer for support - usually this means that the manufacturer must provide a new firmware file.

### "Invalid Prog Blk Size parameter in file" dialog box message

When the tool reads a firmware file and can determine that the file requires a process which the tool cannot support, the tool will pop-up a dialog box saying "Invalid Prog Blk Size parameter ...". The tool will prevent itself from attempting to update the device. This applies to firmware updates for some newer Digitrax hardware which requires a different firmware update process. For these devices, the Digitrax DigiIPLII software should be used.

## What this tool does and does not do

The table below shows some capabilities and limitations of this tool.

"Download Firmware" Tool Capabilities | "Download Firmware" Tool Limitations
This tool can read a firmware update file from the computer's local storage. | This tool does not acquire firmware update files from manufacturers.
With some older versions of this tool it was very easy to read the firmware update file in a way that caused improper interpretation of the information and which could result in corruption of the device's firmware. This version performs several checks of the firmware update file to ensure that the file is interpreted correctly and to identify partial or damaged firmware update files. If any issues are found in the firmware update file, the tool will not allow the user to perform the update process. This should significantly reduce the risk of corrupting a LocoNet device's firmware when using this tool. |
This tool can send the contents of a firmware update file to LocoNet with a request that the associated device(s) update their firmware based on the contents of the LocoNet Messages. | This tool cannot know whether any of the firmware update file information was successfully programmed into a LocoNet device's firmware. The LocoNet messaging protocol does not provide any indication of the status of the firmware update process.
This tool can send the contents of a firmware update file to LocoNet with a request that the associated device(s) compare their firmware to the contents of the LocoNet Messages. | This tool cannot know whether any of the firmware update file information actually matches or is different from information within the device's firmware. The LocoNet messaging protocol does not provide any indication of the status of the compare.
This tool allows the user to change some aspects of the firmware update process, including some information used to identify which LocoNet device type is to accept the firmware update information, as well as some LocoNet timing delays. Changes to the information in the "Firmware File Properties" portion of the tool window should only be made under direction of the manufacturer. Changes to the values could result in corruption of the targeted device OR other devices which may be connected to LocoNet. | This tool cannot predict how changes to the information in the "Firmware File Properties" could possibly cause malfunction of any LocoNet device. Changes to the information in the "Firmware File Properties" portion of the tool window should only be made under direction of the manufacturer.
| This tool does not read the contents of a LocoNet device's firmware.

## Some devices which support firmware update via this tool

The table below lists some devices which are believed to allow firmware updates using this tool. This list is not necessarily complete, and does not necessarily apply to all versions of the listed devices.

Manufacturer | Product
Digitrax | UR92, UR92CE
DCS51
DT402-series throttles
DT500-series throttles
LNRP
PR3
RF24 (the radio module found in Duplex devices like UR92, UR92CE, DT402D and DT500D)
RR-CirKits | LocoBuffer-USB
LNCP
MotorMan
Tower Controller 64
TowerMan
SignalMan
WatchMan
Fremo | FREDI (version 1.8 and above)
Tam Valley Depot | Quad-LN
Table updated June, 2017

## Devices which are not supported by this tool

The table below lists some devices which are known to be unsupported by this tool. The tool will not attempt to update these devices because this tool does not implement the correct protocol. Using the protocol implemented in this tool when a newer protocol is required would result in a corrupted firmware image in the device. Use the Digitrax program DigitIPLII.exe to update these devices.

Manufacturer | Product
Digitrax | DB210
DB210 (Opto-isolated)
DB220
DCS210
DCS240
Table updated June, 2017

## Other Notes

- The LocoNet Firmware Download tool is similar to the "DigiIPL.exe" and "DigiIPLII.exe" which have been released by Digitrax. "DigiIPLII.exe" is available from their website as part of the SoundLoader2 package. Support for the DigiIPLII.exe program is provided by Digitrax. Note that DigiIPLII.exe is intended for use with Digitrax products and is not able to perform firmware updates on at least some non-Digitrax hardware.
- This tool does not receive any LocoNet messages from the device as part of the firmware update process. At the time this tool was written, the firmware protocol does not define any sort of feedback from the device to the programming tool. As such, it is not possible for this tool to provide any definitive indication of the success of a firmware update or firmware verify operation. It is up to the user to determine if the device has been properly updated.
- This version of the tool does not allow the user to configure the file addressing format. The tool automatically determines whether the file uses 16-bit or 24-bit addressing. This removes the possibility that the wrong setting could be used.
- This tool cannot be used to update the firmware in the LocoBuffer-II device.
- It is possible to update firmware on multiple devices of the same type at the same time. If attempting this, ensure that the devices are all actively connected to LocoNet, properly powered, and properly configured before activating the "Download" button. The developers of this tool do not recommend this as any failure of the process could result in all of the hardware being updated becoming unusable.
- Do not open multiple LocoNet Firmware Download tools at the same time. Do not perform firmware updates and/or verifies from multiple sources (computers) simultaneously, as this is likely to result in corrupted device firmware.
- If the selected update file's filename is too long to fit the tool window, the filename will be displayed in a shortened form. If the cursor is placed over the displayed filename, the "tool tip" will attempt to show the complete file name.

## If you need additional help

If you experience difficulty with this tool and believe that your problem is caused by the tool, seek help through the "JMRI Users" forum at "groups.io".

If you believe that your problem is related to the firmware update file or the hardware itself, consult the hardware instructions and the hardware manufacturer's technical support.

Note that Digitrax does not provide any support this tool.

LocoNet is a registered trademark of Digitrax, Inc.

(This is the package/jmri/jmrix/loconet/downloader/LoaderFrame help page)