# Summary of Special Character Entities

This chapter provides a list of special characters that can be used when writing a help topic.
The following special characters can be inserted into text by typing the associated entity name in the position where the special character is to appear.

## Numeric and Special Graphic Symbols

`Symbol` | `Entity Name` | `Description`
& | `&amp;` | ampersand
' | `&apos;` | apostrophe
* | `&ast;` | asterisk
\ | `&bsol;` | backslash, reversed solidus
¢ | `&cent;` | cent sign
: | `&colon;` | colon
, | `&comma;` | comma
@ | `&commat;` | commercial at
© | `&copy;` | copyright symbol
¤ | `&curren;` | general currency sign
↓ | `&darr;` | downward arrow
° | `&deg;` | degree sign
÷ | `&divide;` | divide sign
$ | `&dollar;` | dollar sign
= | `&equals;` | equal sign
! | `&excl;` | exclamation mark
½ | `&frac12` | fraction one-half
¼ | `&frac14` | fraction one-quarter
⅛ | `&frac18` | fraction one-eighth
¾ | `&frac34` | fraction three-quarters
⅜ | `&frac38` | fraction three-eighths
⅝ | `&frac58;` | fraction five-eighths
⅞ | `&frac78;` | fraction seven-eighths
> | `&gt;` | greater-than sign
½ | `&half;` | fraction one-half
- | `&hyphen;` | hyphen
¡ | `&iexcl;` | inverted exclamation mark
¿ | `&iquest;` | inverted question mark
← | `&larr;` | leftward arrow
{ | `&lcub;` | left curly brace
_ | `&lowbar;` | low line
( | `&lpar;` | left parenthesis
[ | `&lsqb;` | left square bracket
` | `&lsquo;` | left single quote
< | `&lt;` | less-than sign
| `&nbsp;` | no break space
¬ | `&not;` | not
# | `&num;` | number sign
¶ | `&para;` | paragraph sign
% | `&percnt;` | percent sign
. | `&period;` | full stop, period
+ | `&plus;` | plus sign
± | `&plusmn;` | plus-or-minus sign
£ | `&pound;` | pound sign
? | `&quest;` | question mark
→ | `&rarr;` | rightward arrow
} | `&rcub;` | right curly brace
” | `&rdquo;` | right double quote
® | `&reg;` | registered sign, a circled R
) | `&rpar;` | right parenthesis
] | `&rsqb;` | right square bracket
' | `&rsquo;` | right single quote
§ | `&sect;` | section sign
; | `&semi;` | semicolon
/ | `&sol;` | solidus
× | `&times;` | multiply sign
™ | `&trade;` | trademark sign
↑ | `&uarr;` | upward arrow
¥ | `&yen;` | yen sign

## Greek Characters

`Symbol` | `Entity Name` | `Description`
Lowercase Greek Letters
α | `&alpha;` | lowercase Greek alpha
β | `&beta;` | lowercase Greek beta
χ | `&chi;` | lowercase Greek chi
δ | `&delta;` | lowercase Greek delta
ϵ | `&epsiv;` | lowercase Greek epsilon, variant
η | `&eta;` | lowercase Greek eta
γ | `&gamma;` | lowercase Greek gamma
ι | `&iota;` | lowercase Greek iota
κ | `&kappa;` | lowercase Greek kappa
λ | `&lambda;` | lowercase Greek lambda
μ | `&mu;` | lowercase Greek mu
ν | `&nu;` | lowercase Greek nu
ω | `&omega;` | lowercase Greek omega
&phis; | `&phis;` | lowercase Greek phi
π | `&pi;` | lowercase Greek pi
ϖ | `&piv;` | lowercase Greek pi, variant
ψ | `&psi;` | lowercase Greek psi
ρ | `&rho;` | lowercase Greek rho
σ | `&sigma;` | lowercase Greek sigma
τ | `&tau;` | lowercase Greek tau
&thetas; | `&thetas;` | lowercase Greek theta
ϑ | `&thetav;` | lowercase Greek theta, variant
υ | `&upsi;` | lowercase Greek upsilon
ξ | `&xi;` | lowercase Greek xi
ζ | `&zeta;` | lowercase Greek zeta
Uppercase Greek Letters
Δ | `&Delta;` | uppercase Greek delta
Γ | `&Gamma;` | uppercase Greek gamma
Λ | `&Lambda` | uppercase Greek lambda
Ω | `&Omega;` | uppercase Greek omega
Π | `&Pi;` | uppercase Greek pi
Φ | `&Phi;` | uppercase Greek phi
Ψ | `&Psi;` | uppercase Greek psi
Σ | `&Sigma;` | uppercase Greek sigma
Θ | `&Theta;` | uppercase Greek theta
ϒ | `&Upsi;` | uppercase Greek upsilon
Ξ | `&Xi;` | uppercase Greek xi

## General Technical Symbols

`Symbol` | `Entity Name` | `Description`
ℵ | `&aleph;` | Hebrew letter aleph
∧ | `&and;` | wedge, logical AND
≈ | `&ap;` | approximately equal
∩ | `&cap;` | intersection
≅ | `&cong;` | congruent with
∪ | `&cup;` | union or logical sum
≡ | `&equiv;` | identical with
∃ | `&exist;` | at least one exists
∀ | `&forall;` | for all
≥ | `&ge;` | greater than or equal
∞ | `&infin;` | infinity
∈ | `&isin;` | set membership
≤ | `&le;` | less than or equal
≠ | `&ne;` | not equal
∉ | `&notin;` | negated set membership
∨ | `&or;` | Vee, logical OR
∂ | `&part;` | partial differential
⊥ | `&perp;` | perpendicular
′ | `&prime;` | prime, or minute of arc
∝ | `&prop;` | proportional to
⇒ | `&rArr;` | right double arrow
⊂ | `&sub;` | subset; is implied by
⊆ | `&sube;` | subset, equals
⊃ | `&sup;` | superset; implies
∴ | `&there4;` | therefore
″ | `&Prime;` | double prime, or second of an arc

## Publishing Symbols

`Symbol` | `Entity Name` | `Description`
• | `&bull;` | round bullet, filled
♣ | `&clubs;` | clubs suit symbol
♦ | `&diams;` | diamonds suit symbol
♥ | `&hearts;` | hearts suit symbol
… | `&hellip;` | horizontal ellipsis
— | `&mdash;` | em dash (long dash)
– | `&ndash;` | en dash (short dash)
♠ | `&spades;` | spades suit symbol
⋮ | `&vellip;` | vertical ellipsis

## Latin 1 Characters

`Symbol` | `Entity Name` | `Description`
á | `&aacute;` | small a, acute accent
â | `&acirc;` | small a, circumflex
æ | `&aelig;` | small ae diphthong
à | `&agrave;` | small a, grave accent
å | `&aring;` | small a, ring
ã | `&atilde;` | small a, tilde
ä | `&auml;` | small a, umlaut mark
ç | `&ccedil;` | small c, cedilla
é | `&eacute;` | small e, acute accent
ê | `&ecirc;` | small e, circumflex
è | `&egrave;` | small e, grave accent
ð | `&eth;` | small eth, Icelandic
ë | `&euml;` | small e, umlaut mark
í | `&iacute;` | small i, acute accent
î | `&icirc;` | small i, circumflex
ì | `&igrave;` | small i, grave accent
ï | `&iuml;` | small i, umlaut mark
ñ | `&ntilde;` | small N, tilde
ó | `&oacute;` | small o, acute accent
ô | `&ocirc;` | small o, circumflex
ò | `&ograve;` | small o, grave accent
ø | `&oslash;` | small o, slash
õ | `&otilde;` | small o, tilde
ö | `&ouml;` | small o, umlaut mark
ß | `&szlig;` | small sharp s, German
þ | `&thorn;` | small thorn, Icelandic
ú | `&uacute;` | small u, acute accent
û | `&ucirc;` | small u, circumflex
ù | `&ugrave;` | small u, grave accent
ü | `&uuml;` | small u, umlaut mark
ý | `&yacute;` | small y, acute accent
ÿ | `&yuml;` | small y, umlaut mark
Á | `&Aacute;` | capital a, acute accent
Â | `&Acirc;` | capital a, circumflex
Æ | `&AElig;` | capital ae diphthong
À | `&Agrave;` | capital a, grave accent
Å | `&Aring;` | capital a, ring
Ã | `&Atilde;` | capital a, tilde
Ä | `&Auml;` | capital a, umlaut mark
Ç | `&Ccedil;` | capital c, cedilla
É | `&Eacute;` | capital E, acute accent
Ê | `&Ecirc;` | capital E, circumflex
È | `&Egrave;` | capital E, grave accent
Ð | `&ETH;` | capital Eth, Icelandic
Ë | `&Euml;` | capital E, umlaut mark
Í | `&Iacute;` | capital I, acute accent
Î | `&Icirc;` | capital I, circumflex
Ì | `&Igrave;` | capital I, grave accent
Ï | `&Iuml;` | capital I, umlaut mark
Ñ | `&Ntilde;` | capital N, tilde
Ó | `&Oacute;` | capital O, acute accent
Ô | `&Ocirc;` | capital O, circumflex
Ò | `&Ograve;` | capital O, grave accent
Ø | `&Oslash;` | capital O, slash
Õ | `&Otilde;` | capital O, tilde
Ö | `&Ouml;` | capital O, umlaut mark
Þ | `&THORN;` | capital THORN, Icelandic
Ú | `&Uacute;` | capital U, acute accent
Û | `&Ucirc;` | capital U, circumflex
Ù | `&Ugrave;` | capital U, grave accent
Ü | `&Uuml;` | capital U, umlaut mark
Ý | `&Yacute;` | capital Y, acute accent