Title:
======
Barracuda LB, SVF, WAF & WEF - Multiple Vulnerabilities


Date:
=====
2013-07-18


References:
===========
http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=727

Note: The issue was part of the official Barracuda Networks Bug Bounty Program.


VL-ID:
=====
727


Common Vulnerability Scoring System:
====================================
4.1


Introduction:
=============
The Barracuda Web Filter is an integrated content filtering, application blocking and malware protection
solution that is powerful, easy to use and affordable for businesses of all sizes. It enforces Internet
usage policies by blocking access to Web sites and Internet applications that are not related to business,
and it easily and completely eliminates spyware and other forms of malware from your organization. No more
productivity loss trying to repair computers or make computers usable again.

Blocks access to Web sites based on domain, URL pattern, or content category
Blocks downloads based on file type
Blocks applications that access the Internet, including IM, music services, and software update utilities
Integrates with  safe search  filters built into popular images search engines
Provides integrated gateway and desktop spyware protection
Uses Barracuda Web Security Agents compatible with Windows PC’s and Macs to enforce Internet policies on off-network computers

The Barracuda Web Filter combines preventative, reactive, and proactive measures to form a complete Web
filtering solution. Designed for the enterprise, the Barracuda Web Filter enables you to set up custom policies
for particular users and groups across customizable time ranges. The Barracuda Web Filter integrates with popular
LDAP directory servers, such as Microsoft Active Directory, for both authentication and group membership
information on which to apply custom policies. Sample uses of group policies include:

Restricting access to job board Web sites to only the Human Resources group
Defining separate policies for teachers and students at a school
Enabling compliance officers unrestricted access to the Web for investigation
Providing external instant messaging (e.g., AIM) access only to specific users or groups
Restricting personal Web browsing to non-working hours

For organizations that do not utilize directory servers, policies can be defined for unauthenticated users as a whole,
locally defined users and groups, or network IP address ranges.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/web-filter-overview.php )


The Barracuda Email Security Service is a comprehensive and affordable cloud-based email security service that protects
both inbound and outbound email against the latest spam, viruses, worms, phishing and denial of service attacks. Barracuda
Email Security Service also includes email encryption and Data Loss Prevention features.

The Barracuda Email Security Service leverages advanced security technologies from the industry-leading Barracuda Spam & Virus
Firewall and features rich multiple cloud-based protection:

    Rate control and Denial of Service (DoS) protection
    Reputation-based blocking from known spam and malware sources
    Anti-virus, featuring the patent-pending Barracuda Anti-Virus Supercomputing Grid
    Anti-phishing, using the Barracuda Anti-Fraud Intelligence
    Protection against spam, phishing, fraud and emails with other malicious intent
    Custom sender/recipient policy

Comprehensive Protection
Spam and viruses are blocked in the cloud prior to delivery to the customer, saving network bandwidth and providing additional
Denial of Service protection. In addition to network bandwidth savings, cloud-based filtering offloads any processing required
for spam and virus filtering from the email server. By leveraging the compute capacity available in the cloud, patent-pending
Barracuda Anti-Virus Supercomputing Grid not only detects new outbreaks similar to known viruses, it also identifies new threats
for which signatures have never existed.

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: https://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/bess_overview.php )



The Barracuda Web Application Firewall is a complete and powerful security solution for Web applications and Web sites.
The Barracuda Web Application Firewall provides award-winning protection against hackers leveraging protocol or
application vulnerabilities to instigate data theft, denial of service or defacement of your Web site.

    * Protection against common attacks
    * Outbound data theft protection
    * Web site cloaking
    * Granular policies
    * Secure HTTP traffic
    * SSL Offloading
    * SSL Acceleration
    * Load Balancing

The Barracuda Web Application Firewall protects Web applications and Web services from malicious attacks, and can also increase
the performance and scalability of these applications. The Barracuda Web Application Firewall offers every capability needed to
deliver, secure and manage enterprise Web applications from a single appliance through an intuitive, real-time user interface.

    * Single point of protection for inbound and outbound traffic for all Web applications
    * Protects Web sites and Web applications against application layer attacks
    * Delivers best practices security right out of the box
    * Monitors traffic and provides reports about attackers and attack attempts

The Barracuda Web Application Firewall provides award-winning protection from all common attacks on Web applications, including
SQL injections, cross-site scripting attacks, session tampering and buffer overflows. Many applications are vulnerable to such
attacks because application developers do not consistently employ secure coding practices. Barracuda Web Application Firewall is
designed to combat all attack types that have been categorized as significant threats, including:

    * Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
    * SQL injection flaws
    * OS command injections
    * Site reconnaissance
    * Session hijacking
    * Application denial of service
    * Malicious probes/crawlers
    * Cookie/session tampering
    * Path traversal
    * Information leakage
...

(Copy of the Vendor Homepage: http://www.barracudanetworks.com/ns/products/web-site-firewall-overview.php)


Abstract:
=========
The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered multiple persistent vulnerabilities in the official Barracuda Product Series
of the Load Balancer, Web Firewall, Web Filter and Spam & Virus Firewall.


Report-Timeline:
================
2012-10-18:	Researcher Notification & Coordination (Benjamin Kunz Mejri)
2012-10-19:	Vendor Notification (Barracuda Networks Security Team - Bug Bounty Program)
2012-10-21:	Vendor Response/Feedback (Barracuda Networks Security Team - Bug Bounty Program)
2013-04-30:	Vendor Fix/Patch (Barracuda Networks Developer Team) [Coordination: Dave Farrow]
2013-07-18:	Public Disclosure (Vulnerability Laboratory)


Status:
========
Published


Affected Products:
==================
Barracuda Networks
Product: Load Balancer 4.2.0.015 Modell 640

Barracuda Networks
Product: Spam & Virus Firewall 5.1.1.006 Modell 600

Barracuda Networks
Product: Web Filter 6.0.0.013 Modell 910

Barracuda Networks
Product: Web Firewall 7.7.0.020 Modell 650


Exploitation-Technique:
=======================
Remote


Severity:
=========
High


Details:
========
Multiple persistent input validation vulnerabilities are detected in the official Barracuda Product Series of the Load Balancer,
Web Firewall, Web Filter and Spam & Virus Firewall. The web vulnerabilities allow remote attackers to implement/inject malicious
script code on the application side (persistent).

The persistent web vulnerability is located in the certificate management listing module with the bound vulnerable certificate common
name, certificate name & services name parameters. The vulnerability can be exploited by customers to execute script code in the
certificate management module listing. The remote attackers can import a own generated ssl pem certificates with manipulated name,
service and common certificate name. The injected script code of the pem certificate get executed from the main certificate listing
when processing to display the malicious stored script code context.

The bug is located in different sections of the web firewall, load balancer, spam and virus firewall or the new web filter. Affected by
the vulnerable input are the Available Certificates, Edit Certificates, Trusted Hosts > Certificates, Saved Certificates
and the Save Token Certificate Name listings.

Exploitation of the vulnerabilities requires a low privilege application user account and low or medium user interaction.
Successful exploitation of the vulnerabilities can lead to session hijacking (manager/admin) or stable (persistent) context manipulation.
Exploitation of the vulnerability requires low or medium user interaction & low or medium privilege  web application user account.


Vulnerable Module(s):
			[+] Web Filter & Web Firewall - Advanced (Extended) > SSL Inspection > Certificate Creation [x] CHECK > Zertifikat Generierung
			[+] Spam & Virus - Sicherheitsverwaltung > Konfiguration der SSL-Zertifikate > Trusted (Bestätigt durch CA)
			[+] Spam & Virus - Sicherheitsverwaltung > Certificate Signing Request (CSR) > Edit Data Listing
			[+] Load Balancer - Zertifikat Generierung (INDEX)

Vulnerable Parameter(s):
			[+] Certificate Name
			[+] Certificate Service
			[+] Certificates - Common Name

Affected Section(s):
			[+] Available Certificates - LISTING
			[+] Edit Certificates - LISTING
			[+] Trusted Hosts > Certificates - LISTING
			[+] Saved Certificates - LISTING
			[+] Save Token Certificate Name - LISTING


Proof of Concept:
=================
The vulnerabilities can be exploited by remote attackers with low or medium privilege application user account and with low or medium
user interaction. For demonstration or reproduce ...


Review:  Save Token - Certificate Name [index.cgi-save_token-listing]

<tr><td valign="top"><table class="config_module_inner" summary="Config Module" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr class="config_module_tr" id="config_module_row_1">
<td valign="top" width="15"> </td>
<td valign="top" width="200">Certificate</td>
<td valign="top" width="250">[<PERSISTENT MALICIOUS INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>]</td>
</tr>


Reference(s): (Insert)
http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?auth_type=Local&et=1350361913&locale=de_DE&password=5f879645e0954166ac51efe3be737a2a
&user=benjamin&primary_tab=BASIC&secondary_tab=server_certs

http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=5f8796456ac51efe3be737a2a&et=1350361913&primary_tab=BASIC&content_only=1
&new_secondary_tab=server_certs&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_certificate_details&ispopup=1
&parent_name=server_certs&popup_width=800&popup_height=500

Reference(s): (Affected)
http://waf.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=fb911a7a8bebac208fcab7e79e5&et=1350361362&primary_tab=BASIC&new_secondary_tab=server_certs&
serial=50943090&auth_type=Local&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=save_pkcs_token&content_only=1&index=md5skeqylXIOusxkfzaKf19VQ&user=guest
&type=server_cert_external&ispopup=1&parent_name=certificates&popup_width=650&popup_height=200




Review: Available Certificates - Certificate Name [index.cgi-available_certificates-listing]

class="config_module_tr" id="config_module_row_1">
			<td valign="top" width="15"> </td>
			<td valign="top" width="210"><div id="helpbox"><b class="outlinetop">
          <b class="outline1"></b>
          <b class="outline2"></b>
          <b class="outline3"></b>
          <b class="outline4"></b></b>
          <div id="contents"><div><[<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>]"></div></div>


Reference(s): (Insert)
http://webfilter.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?auth_type=Local&et=1350718546&locale=de_DE&password=0da45d48882cac50687e539e6
&primary_tab=ADVANCED&secondary_tab=ssl_certificates&user=benjamin




Reference(s): (Affected)

Sicherheitsverwaltung > Certificate Signing Request (CSR) > Edit Data Listing

http://spam4.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=fb85b10f5d66b87b1194fef&et=1350572565&primary_tab=ADVANCED&
content_only=1&new_secondary_tab=ssl&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_csr&ispopup=1&
parent_name=ssl&popup_width=900&popup_height=455

Sicherheitsverwaltung > Konfiguration der SSL-Zertifikate > Trusted (Bestätigt durch CA)

http://spam4.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?&user=benjamin&password=06577ccae825950cd833027d&et=1350572515&auth_type=Local&locale=de_DE
&primary_tab=ADVANCED&secondary_tab=ssl




Review: Saved Certificates - Listing (Name)

<td style="width: 220px;"><div style="padding-left:30px"><img src="index.cgi-Dateien/cert.png" align="bottom"
border="0"> <a title=""><<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>;)" <"="">"><<MALICIOUS PERSISTENT INJECTED SCRIPT CODE!>") <</a></div></td>


Reference(s): (Insert)

Zertifikat Generierung (INDEX)
http://balancer.127.0.0.1:1339/cgi-mod/index.cgi?password=66690cf1f1f6ad9f097e077355a&et=1350476026&primary_tab=BASIC&content_only=3
&new_secondary_tab=certificates&auth_type=Local&user=benjamin&locale=de_DE&secondary_tab=create_certificate_details&ispopup=1
&parent_name=certificates&popup_width=1000&popup_height=410


PoC as Certificate (PEM):
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----

3xU=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----


Solution:
=========
The vulnerabilities can be patched by parsing the affected (displayed) certificate value(s) output listing.
Restrict and parse the input fields (function) of trusted and self signed certificates values to prevent future executions out of the certificate context.


Risk:
=====
The security risk of the persistent input validation web vulnerabilities are estimated as high(-).


Credits:
========
Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (bkm@evolution-sec.com)


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===========
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