RNA-RNA Interaction — ViennaRNA Package

# RNA-RNA Interaction

The function of an RNA molecule often depends on its interaction with other RNAs. The following routines therefore allows one to predict structures formed by two RNA molecules upon hybridization.

Specialized Modules:

- Partition Function for Two Hybridized Sequences
- RNA-RNA interaction as a stepwise process

## Concatenating RNA sequences

One approach to co-folding two RNAs consists of concatenating the two sequences and keeping track of the concatenation point in all energy evaluations. Correspondingly, many of the cofold() and co_pf_fold() routines take one sequence string as argument and use the the global variable #cut_point to mark the concatenation point. Note that while the RNAcofold program uses the `&` character to mark the chain break in its input.

## RNA-RNA interaction as a Stepwise Process

In a second approach to co-folding two RNAs, cofolding is seen as a stepwise process. In the first step the probability of an unpaired region is calculated and in a second step this probability of an unpaired region is multiplied with the probability of an interaction between the two RNAs. This approach is implemented for the interaction between a long target sequence and a short ligand RNA. Function pf_unstru() calculates the partition function over all unpaired regions in the input sequence. Function pf_interact(), which calculates the partition function over all possible interactions between two sequences, needs both sequence as separate strings as input.

## RNA-RNA Interaction API