namespace CGAL {

/*!
\ingroup kernel_classes3

An object of the class `Point_3` is a point in the three-dimensional
Euclidean space \f$ \E^3\f$.

Remember that `Kernel::RT` and `Kernel::FT` denote a
`RingNumberType` and a `FieldNumberType`, respectively. For the kernel
model `Cartesian<NT>`, the two types are the same. For the
kernel model `Homogeneous<NT>`, `Kernel::RT` is equal
to `NT`, and `Kernel::FT` is equal to `Quotient<NT>`.

\cgalHeading{Operators}

The following operations can be applied on points:

\cgalModels{Kernel::Point_3,Hashable if `Kernel` is a cartesian kernel and if `Kernel::FT` is `Hashable`}

*/
template< typename Kernel >
class Point_3 {
public:

/// \name Types
/// @{

/*!
An iterator for enumerating the
%Cartesian coordinates of a point.
*/
typedef unspecified_type Cartesian_const_iterator;

/// @}

/// \name Creation
/// @{

/*!
introduces a point with %Cartesian coordinates\f$ (0,0,0)\f$.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Point_3(const Origin &ORIGIN);

/*!
introduces a point `p` initialized to `(x,y,z)`.
*/
Point_3(int x, int y, int z);

/*!
introduces a point `p` initialized to `(x,y,z)`
provided `RT` supports it.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Point_3(double x, double y, double z);

/*!
introduces a point `p` initialized to `(hx/hw,hy/hw, hz/hw)`.
\pre `hw != 0`.
*/
Point_3(const Kernel::RT &hx, const Kernel::RT &hy, const Kernel::RT &hz, const Kernel::RT &hw = RT(1));

/*!
introduces a point `p` initialized to `(x,y,z)`.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Point_3(const Kernel::FT &x, const Kernel::FT &y, const Kernel::FT &z);

/*!
introduces a point from a weighted point.

\warning The `explicit` keyword is used to avoid accidental implicit conversions
         between Point_3 and Weighted_point_3.

\cgalEpicExact
*/
explicit Point_3(const Kernel::Weighted_point_3 &wp);

/// @}

/// \name Operations
/// @{

/*!
Test for equality: Two points are equal, iff their \f$ x\f$, \f$ y\f$ and \f$ z\f$
coordinates are equal.
*/
bool operator==(const Point_3<Kernel> &q) const;

/*!
Test for inequality.
*/
bool operator!=(const Point_3<Kernel> &q) const;

/*!
translates the point by the vector `v`.
*/
Point_3<Kernel>& operator+=(const Vector_3<Kernel> &v);

/*!
translates the point by the vector -`v`.
*/
Point_3<Kernel>& operator-=(const Vector_3<Kernel> &v);

/// @}

/// \name Coordinate Access
/// There are two sets of coordinate access functions, namely to the
/// homogeneous and to the %Cartesian coordinates. They can be used
/// independently from the chosen kernel model. Note that you do not
/// lose information with the homogeneous representation, because the
/// FieldNumberType is a quotient.
/// @{

/*!
returns the homogeneous \f$ x\f$ coordinate.
*/
Kernel::RT hx() const;

/*!
returns the homogeneous \f$ y\f$ coordinate.
*/
Kernel::RT hy() const;

/*!
returns the homogeneous \f$ z\f$ coordinate.
*/
Kernel::RT hz() const;

/*!
returns the homogenizing coordinate.
*/
Kernel::RT hw() const;

/*!
returns the %Cartesian \f$ x\f$ coordinate, that is `hx()`/`hw()`.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Kernel::FT x() const;

/*!
returns the %Cartesian \f$ y\f$ coordinate, that is `hy()`/`hw()`.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Kernel::FT y() const;

/*!
returns the %Cartesian \f$ z\f$ coordinate, that is `hz()`/`hw()`.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Kernel::FT z() const;

/// @}

/// \name Convenience Operators
/// The following operations are for convenience and for compatibility
/// with code for higher dimensional points. Again they come in a
/// %Cartesian and in a homogeneous flavor.
/// @{

/*!
returns the i-th homogeneous coordinate of `p`.
\pre `0 <= i <= 3`.
*/
Kernel::RT homogeneous(int i) const;

/*!
returns the i-th %Cartesian coordinate of `p`.
\pre `0 <= i <= 2`.

\cgalEpicExact
*/
Kernel::FT cartesian(int i) const;

/*!
returns `cartesian(i)`.
\pre `0 <= i <= 2`.

\cgalEpicExact
*/
Kernel::FT operator[](int i) const;

/*!
returns an iterator to the %Cartesian coordinates
of `p`, starting with the 0th coordinate.
*/
Cartesian_const_iterator cartesian_begin() const;

/*!
returns an off the end iterator to the %Cartesian
coordinates of `p`.
*/
Cartesian_const_iterator cartesian_end() const;

/*!
returns the dimension (the constant 3).
*/
int dimension() const;

/*!
returns a bounding box containing `p`.
\cgalEpicExact
*/
Bbox_3 bbox() const;

/*!
returns the point obtained by applying `t` on `p`.
*/
Point_3<Kernel> transform(const Aff_transformation_3<Kernel> &t) const;

/// @}

}; /* end Point_3 */

/*!
returns true iff `p` is lexicographically smaller than `q`
(the lexicographical order being defined on the %Cartesian
coordinates).
\relates Point_3
*/
bool operator<(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Point_3<Kernel> &q);

/*!
returns true iff `p` is lexicographically greater than `q`.
\relates Point_3
*/
bool operator>(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Point_3<Kernel> &q);

/*!
returns true iff `p` is lexicographically smaller or equal to
`q`.
\relates Point_3
*/
bool operator<=(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Point_3<Kernel> &q);

/*!
returns true iff `p` is lexicographically greater or equal to
`q`.
\relates Point_3
*/
bool operator>=(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Point_3<Kernel> &q);

/*!
returns the difference vector between `q` and `p`.
You can substitute `ORIGIN` for either `p` or `q`,
but not for both.
\relates Point_3
*/
Vector_3<Kernel> operator-(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Point_3<Kernel> &q);

/// \ingroup Kernel_operator_plus

///@{

/*!
returns the point obtained by translating `p` by the
vector `v`.
\relates Point_3
*/
Point_3<Kernel> operator+(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Vector_3<Kernel> &v);

/// @}

/// \ingroup Kernel_operator_minus

///@{

/*!
returns the point obtained by translating `p` by the
vector -`v`.
\relates Point_3
*/
Point_3<Kernel> operator-(const Point_3<Kernel> &p,
const Vector_3<Kernel> &v);

/// @}

} /* end namespace CGAL */
