SIGACTION(2)

NAME
sigaction, sigprocmask, sigpending, sigsuspend - POSIX signal handling functions.

SYNOPSIS
#include <signal.h>

int sigaction(int signum, const struct sigaction *act, struct sigaction *oldact);

int sigprocmask(int how, const sigset_t *set, sigset_t *oldset);

int sigpending(sigset_t *set);

int sigsuspend(const sigset_t *mask);

DESCRIPTION
The sigaction system call is used to change the action for a signal. If act is non-null, the new action for signal signum is installed from act. If oldact is non-null, the previous action is saved in oldact.

The sigaction structure is defined as

    struct sigaction {
        void (*sa_handler)();
        sigset_t sa_mask;
        int sa_flags;
        void (*sa_restorer)(void);
    }

sa_handler may be SIG_DFL for the default action, SIG_IGN to ignore this signal, or a pointer to a signal handling function.

sa_mask gives a mask of signals which should be blocked during execution of the signal handler.

sa_flags is the bitwise OR of zero or more of the following flags

    SA_NOCLDSTOP
        Do not generate SIGCHLD signals when child processes terminate.

    SA_ONESHOT
        Restore the signal action to the default state once the signal handler has been called. This is the default behavior.

    SA_RESTART
        The opposite to SA_ONESHOT, do not restore the signal action. This provides behavior compatible with BSD signal semantics.

    SA_NOMASK
        Do not prevent the signal from being received from within its own signal handler.

The sa_restorer element is obsolete and should not be used.

The sigprocmask call is used to change the list of currently blocked signals. The behavior of the call is dependent on the value of how, as follows.

    SIG_BLOCK
        The set of blocked signals is the union of the current set and the set argument.

    SIG_UNBLOCK
        The signals in set are removed from the current set of blocked signals. It is legal to attempt to unblock a signal which is not blocked.

    SIG_SETMASK
        The set of blocked signals is set to the argument set.

If oldset is non-null, the previous value of the signal mask is stored in oldset.

The sigpending call allows the examination of pending signals (ones which have been raised while blocked). The signal mask of pending signals is stored in set.

The sigsuspend call temporarily replaces the signal mask for the process with that given by mask and then suspends the process until a signal is received.

RETURN VALUES
sigaction, sigprocmask, sigpending and sigsuspend return 0 on success and -1 on error.

ERRORS

EINVAL
    An invalid signal was specified. This will also be generated if an attempt is made to change the action for SIGKILL or SIGSTOP, which cannot be caught.

EFAULT
    act, oldact or the signal handler point to memory which is not a valid part of the process address space.

EINTR
    System call was interrupted.

NOTES
It is not possible to block SIGKILL or SIGSTOP with the sigprocmask call. Attempts to do so will be silently ignored.

The POSIX spec only defines SA_NOCLDSTOP. Use of SA_ONESHOT and SA_RESTART is non-portable.

sigaction can be called with a null second argument to query the current signal handler. It can also be used to check whether a given signal is valid for the current machine by calling it with null second and third arguments.

See sigsetops(3) for details on manipulating signal sets.

CONFORMING TO
POSIX

SEE ALSO
kill(1), kill(2), killpg(2), pause(2), raise(3), siginterrupt(3), signal(2), signal(7), sigsetops(3), sigvec(2)