SHADOW(5)

NOM
shadow - shadowed password file

DESCRIPTION

shadow est un fichier qui contient les informations cachées concernant les mots de passe des utilisateurs et leurs dates de validité.

Ce fichier ne doit pas être accessible en lecture par les utilisateurs normaux afin de maintenir la sécurité des mots de passe, en particuliers pour prévenir les attaques par dictionnaires.

Each line of this file contains 9 fields, separated by colons (« : »), in the following order:

nom de connexion de l'utilisateur (« login »)
    It must be a valid account name, which exist on the system.

mot de passe chiffré
    Consultez crypt(3) pour plus d'informations sur le traitement de cette chaîne.

    Si le champ du mot de passe contient une chaîne qui ne peut pas être un résultat valable de crypt(3), par exemple si elle contient les caractères ! ou *, alors l'utilisateur ne pourra pas utiliser son mot de passe UNIX pour se connecter (mais il se peut que l'utilisateur puisse se connecter au système par d'autres moyens).

    This field may be empty, in which case no passwords are required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some applications which read the /etc/shadow file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is empty.

    A password field which starts with a exclamation mark means that the password is locked. The remaining characters on the line represent the password field before the password was locked.

date du dernier changement de mot de passe
    The date of the last password change, expressed as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970.

    The value 0 has a special meaning, which is that the user should change her pasword the next time she will log in the system.

    An empty field means that password aging features are disabled.

age minimum du mot de passe
    The minimum password age is the number of days the user will have to wait before she will be allowed to change her password again.

    An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no minimum password age.

age maximum du mot de passe
    The maximum password age is the number of days after which the user will have to change her password.

    After this number of days is elapsed, the password may still be valid. The user should be asked to change her password the next time she will log in.

    An empty field means that there are no maximum password age, no password warning period, and no password inactivity period (see below).

    If the maximum password age is lower than the minimum password age, the user cannot change her password.

password warning period
    The number of days before a password is going to expire (see the maximum password age above) during which the user should be warned.

    An empty field and value 0 mean that there are no password warning period.

password inactivity period
    The number of days after a password has expired (see the maximum password age above) during which the password should still be accepted (and the user should update her password during the next login).

    After expiration of the password and this expiration period is elapsed, no login is possible using the current user's password. The user should contact her administrator.

    An empty field means that there are no enforcement of an inactivity period.

date de fin de validité du compte
    The date of expiration of the account, expressed as the number of days since Jan 1, 1970.

    Note that an account expiration differs from a password expiration. In case of an acount expiration, the user shall not be allowed to login. In case of a password expiration, the user is not allowed to login using her password.

    An empty field means that the account will never expire.

    The value 0 should not be used as it is interpreted as either an account with no expiration, or as an expiration on Jan 1, 1970.

champ réservé
    Ce champ est réservé pour une utilisation future.

FICHIERS

/etc/passwd
    Informations sur les comptes des utilisateurs.

/etc/shadow
    Informations sécurisées sur les comptes utilisateurs.

/etc/shadow-
    Backup file for /etc/shadow.

    Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools.

VOIR AUSSI

chage(1), login(1), passwd(1), passwd(5), pwck(8), pwconv(8), pwunconv(8), su(1), sulogin(8).