VIGRA - vigra/gaborfilter.hxx Source File

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    00001 /************************************************************************/
    00002 /*                                                                      */
    00003 /*         Copyright 2002-2004 by Ullrich Koethe and Hans Meine         */
    00004 /*       Cognitive Systems Group, University of Hamburg, Germany        */
    00005 /*                                                                      */
    00006 /*    This file is part of the VIGRA computer vision library.           */
    00007 /*    ( Version 1.5.0, Dec 07 2006 )                                    */
    00008 /*    The VIGRA Website is                                              */
    00009 /*        http://kogs-www.informatik.uni-hamburg.de/~koethe/vigra/      */
    00010 /*    Please direct questions, bug reports, and contributions to        */
    00011 /*        koethe@informatik.uni-hamburg.de          or                  */
    00012 /*        vigra@kogs1.informatik.uni-hamburg.de                         */
    00013 /*                                                                      */
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    00021 /*    conditions:                                                       */
    00022 /*                                                                      */
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    00024 /*    included in all copies or substantial portions of the             */
    00025 /*    Software.                                                         */
    00026 /*                                                                      */
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    00029 /*    OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND          */
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    00035 /*                                                                      */
    00036 /************************************************************************/
    00037
    00038
    00039 #ifndef VIGRA_GABORFILTER_HXX
    00040 #define VIGRA_GABORFILTER_HXX
    00041
    00042 #include "imagecontainer.hxx"
    00043 #include "config.hxx"
    00044 #include "stdimage.hxx"
    00045 #include "copyimage.hxx"
    00046 #include "transformimage.hxx"
    00047 #include "combineimages.hxx"
    00048 #include "utilities.hxx"
    00049
    00050 #include <functional>
    00051 #include <vector>
    00052 #include <cmath>
    00053
    00054 namespace vigra {
    00055
    00056 /** \addtogroup GaborFilter Gabor Filter
    00057     Functions to create or apply gabor filter (latter based on FFTW).
    00058 */
    00059 //@{
    00060
    00061 /********************************************************/
    00062 /*                                                      */
    00063 /*                   createGaborFilter                  */
    00064 /*                                                      */
    00065 /********************************************************/
    00066
    00067 /** \brief Create a gabor filter in frequency space.
    00068
    00069     The orientation is given in radians, the other parameters are the
    00070     center frequency (for example 0.375 or smaller) and the two
    00071     angular and radial sigmas of the gabor filter. (See \ref
    00072     angularGaborSigma() for an explanation of possible values.)
    00073
    00074     The energy of the filter is explicitely normalized to 1.0.
    00075
    00076     <b> Declarations:</b>
    00077
    00078     pass arguments explicitly:
    00079     \code
    00080     namespace vigra {
    00081         template <class DestImageIterator, class DestAccessor>
    00082         void createGaborFilter(DestImageIterator destUpperLeft,
    00083                                DestImageIterator destLowerRight,
    00084                                DestAccessor da,
    00085                                double orientation, double centerFrequency,
    00086                                double angularSigma, double radialSigma)
    00087     }
    00088     \endcode
    00089
    00090     use argument objects in conjunction with \ref ArgumentObjectFactories:
    00091     \code
    00092     namespace vigra {
    00093         template <class DestImageIterator, class DestAccessor>
    00094         inline
    00095         void createGaborFilter(triple<DestImageIterator,
    00096                                       DestImageIterator,
    00097                                       DestAccessor> dest,
    00098                                double orientation, double centerFrequency,
    00099                                double angularSigma, double radialSigma)
    00100     }
    00101     \endcode
    00102
    00103     <b> Usage:</b>
    00104
    00105     <b>\#include</b> "<a href="gaborfilter_8hxx-source.html">vigra/gaborfilter.hxx</a>"<br>
    00106
    00107     Namespace: vigra
    00108
    00109     \code
    00110     vigra::FImage gabor(w,h);
    00111
    00112     vigra::createGaborFilter(destImageRange(gabor), orient, freq,
    00113                              angularGaborSigma(directionCount, freq)
    00114                              radialGaborSigma(freq));
    00115     \endcode
    00116 */
    00117
    00118 template <class DestImageIterator, class DestAccessor>
    00119 void createGaborFilter(DestImageIterator destUpperLeft,
    00120                        DestImageIterator destLowerRight, DestAccessor da,
    00121                        double orientation, double centerFrequency,
    00122                        double angularSigma, double radialSigma)
    00123 {
    00124     int w= destLowerRight.x - destUpperLeft.x;
    00125     int h= destLowerRight.y - destUpperLeft.y;
    00126
    00127     double squaredSum = 0.0;
    00128     double cosTheta= VIGRA_CSTD::cos(orientation);
    00129     double sinTheta= VIGRA_CSTD::sin(orientation);
    00130
    00131     double radialSigma2 = radialSigma*radialSigma;
    00132     double angularSigma2 = angularSigma*angularSigma;
    00133
    00134     double wscale = w % 1 ?
    00135                     1.0f / (w-1) :
    00136                     1.0f / w;
    00137     double hscale = h % 1 ?
    00138                     1.0f / (h-1) :
    00139                     1.0f / h;
    00140
    00141     int dcX= (w+1)/2, dcY= (h+1)/2;
    00142
    00143     double u, v;
    00144     for ( int y=0; y<h; y++, destUpperLeft.y++ )
    00145     {
    00146         typename DestImageIterator::row_iterator dix = destUpperLeft.rowIterator();
    00147
    00148         v = hscale * ((h - (y - dcY))%h - dcY);
    00149         for ( int x=0; x<w; x++, dix++ )
    00150         {
    00151             u= wscale*((x - dcX + w)%w - dcX);
    00152
    00153             double uu = cosTheta*u + sinTheta*v - centerFrequency;
    00154             double vv = -sinTheta*u + cosTheta*v;
    00155             double gabor;
    00156
    00157             gabor = VIGRA_CSTD::exp(-0.5*(uu*uu / radialSigma2 + vv*vv / angularSigma2));
    00158             squaredSum += gabor * gabor;
    00159             da.set( gabor, dix );
    00160         }
    00161     }
    00162     destUpperLeft.y -= h;
    00163
    00164     // clear out DC value and remove it from the squared sum
    00165     double dcValue = da(destUpperLeft);
    00166     squaredSum -= dcValue * dcValue;
    00167     da.set( 0.0, destUpperLeft );
    00168
    00169     // normalize energy to one
    00170     double factor = VIGRA_CSTD::sqrt(squaredSum);
    00171     for ( int y=0; y<h; y++, destUpperLeft.y++ )
    00172     {
    00173         typename DestImageIterator::row_iterator dix = destUpperLeft.rowIterator();
    00174
    00175         for ( int x=0; x<w; x++, dix++ )
    00176         {
    00177             da.set( da(dix) / factor, dix );
    00178         }
    00179     }
    00180 }
    00181
    00182 template <class DestImageIterator, class DestAccessor>
    00183 inline
    00184 void createGaborFilter(triple<DestImageIterator, DestImageIterator,
    00185                               DestAccessor> dest,
    00186                               double orientation, double centerFrequency,
    00187                               double angularSigma, double radialSigma)
    00188 {
    00189     createGaborFilter(dest.first, dest.second, dest.third,
    00190                       orientation, centerFrequency,
    00191                       angularSigma, radialSigma);
    00192 }
    00193
    00194 /********************************************************/
    00195 /*                                                      */
    00196 /*                   radialGaborSigma                   */
    00197 /*                                                      */
    00198 /********************************************************/
    00199
    00200 /** \brief Calculate sensible radial sigma for given parameters.
    00201
    00202     For a brief introduction what is meant with "sensible" sigmas, see
    00203     \ref angularGaborSigma().
    00204
    00205     <b> Declaration:</b>
    00206
    00207     \code
    00208     namespace vigra {
    00209         inline
    00210         double radialGaborSigma(double centerFrequency)
    00211     }
    00212     \endcode
    00213  */
    00214
    00215 inline double radialGaborSigma(double centerFrequency)
    00216 {
    00217     static double sfactor = 3.0 * VIGRA_CSTD::sqrt(VIGRA_CSTD::log(4.0));
    00218     return centerFrequency / sfactor;
    00219 }
    00220
    00221 /********************************************************/
    00222 /*                                                      */
    00223 /*                   angularGaborSigma                  */
    00224 /*                                                      */
    00225 /********************************************************/
    00226
    00227 /** \brief Calculate sensible angular sigma for given parameters.
    00228
    00229     "Sensible" means: If you use a range of gabor filters for feature
    00230     detection, you are interested in minimal redundance. This is hard
    00231     to define but one possible try is to arrange the filters in
    00232     frequency space, so that the half-peak-magnitude ellipses touch
    00233     each other.
    00234
    00235     To do so, you must know the number of directions (first parameter
    00236     for the angular sigma function) and the center frequency of the
    00237     filter you want to calculate the sigmas for.
    00238
    00239     The exact formulas are:
    00240     \code
    00241     sigma_radial= 1/sqrt(ln(4)) * centerFrequency/3
    00242     \endcode
    00243
    00244     \code
    00245     sigma_angular= 1/sqrt(ln(4)) * tan(pi/(directions*2))
    00246                    * sqrt(8/9) * centerFrequency
    00247     \endcode
    00248
    00249     <b> Declaration:</b>
    00250
    00251     \code
    00252     namespace vigra {
    00253         inline
    00254         double angularGaborSigma(int directionCount, double centerFrequency)
    00255     }
    00256     \endcode
    00257  */
    00258
    00259 inline double angularGaborSigma(int directionCount, double centerFrequency)
    00260 {
    00261     return VIGRA_CSTD::tan(M_PI/directionCount/2.0) * centerFrequency
    00262         * VIGRA_CSTD::sqrt(8.0 / (9 * VIGRA_CSTD::log(4.0)));
    00263 }
    00264
    00265 /********************************************************/
    00266 /*                                                      */
    00267 /*                   GaborFilterFamily                  */
    00268 /*                                                      */
    00269 /********************************************************/
    00270
    00271 /** \brief Family of gabor filters of different scale and direction.
    00272
    00273     A GaborFilterFamily can be used to quickly create a whole family
    00274     of gabor filters in frequency space. Especially useful in
    00275     conjunction with \ref applyFourierFilterFamily, since it's derived
    00276     from \ref ImageArray.
    00277
    00278     The filter parameters are chosen to make the center frequencies
    00279     decrease in octaves with increasing scale indices, and to make the
    00280     half-peak-magnitude ellipses touch each other to somewhat reduce
    00281     redundancy in the filter answers. This is done by using \ref
    00282     angularGaborSigma() and \ref radialGaborSigma(), you'll find more
    00283     information there.
    00284
    00285     The template parameter ImageType should be a scalar image type suitable for filling in
    00286
    00287     <b>\#include</b> "<a href="gaborfilter_8hxx-source.html">vigra/gaborfilter.hxx</a>"
    00288
    00289     Namespace: vigra
    00290 */
    00291 template <class ImageType,
    00292       class Alloc = typename ImageType::allocator_type::template rebind<ImageType>::other >
    00293 class GaborFilterFamily
    00294 : public ImageArray<ImageType, Alloc>
    00295 {
    00296     typedef ImageArray<ImageType, Alloc> ParentClass;
    00297     int scaleCount_, directionCount_;
    00298     double maxCenterFrequency_;
    00299
    00300 protected:
    00301     void initFilters()
    00302     {
    00303         for(int direction= 0; direction<directionCount_; direction++)
    00304             for(int scale= 0; scale<scaleCount_; scale++)
    00305             {
    00306                 double angle = direction * M_PI / directionCount();
    00307                 double centerFrequency =
    00308                     maxCenterFrequency_ / VIGRA_CSTD::pow(2.0, (double)scale);
    00309                 createGaborFilter(destImageRange(this->images_[filterIndex(direction, scale)]),
    00310                                   angle, centerFrequency,
    00311                                   angularGaborSigma(directionCount(), centerFrequency),
    00312                                   radialGaborSigma(centerFrequency));
    00313             }
    00314     }
    00315
    00316 public:
    00317     enum { stdFilterSize= 128, stdDirectionCount= 6, stdScaleCount= 4 };
    00318
    00319         /** Constructs a family of gabor filters in frequency
    00320             space. The filters will be calculated on construction, so
    00321             it makes sense to provide good parameters right now
    00322             although they can be changed later, too. If you leave them
    00323             out, the defaults are a \ref directionCount of 6, a \ref
    00324             scaleCount of 4 and a \ref maxCenterFrequency of
    00325             3/8(=0.375).
    00326         */
    00327     GaborFilterFamily(const Diff2D & size,
    00328                       int directionCount = stdDirectionCount, int scaleCount = stdScaleCount,
    00329                       double maxCenterFrequency = 3.0/8.0,
    00330                       Alloc const & alloc = Alloc())
    00331         : ParentClass(directionCount*scaleCount, size, alloc),
    00332           scaleCount_(scaleCount),
    00333           directionCount_(directionCount),
    00334           maxCenterFrequency_(maxCenterFrequency)
    00335     {
    00336         initFilters();
    00337     }
    00338
    00339         /** Convenience variant of the above constructor taking width
    00340             and height separately. Also, this one serves as default
    00341             constructor constructing 128x128 pixel filters.
    00342          */
    00343     GaborFilterFamily(int width= stdFilterSize, int height= -1,
    00344                       int directionCount = stdDirectionCount, int scaleCount = stdScaleCount,
    00345                       double maxCenterFrequency = 3.0/8.0,
    00346                       Alloc const & alloc = Alloc())
    00347         : ParentClass(directionCount*scaleCount,
    00348                       Size2D(width, height > 0 ? height : width), alloc),
    00349           scaleCount_(scaleCount),
    00350           directionCount_(directionCount),
    00351           maxCenterFrequency_(maxCenterFrequency)
    00352     {
    00353         initFilters();
    00354     }
    00355
    00356         /** Return the index of the filter with the given direction and
    00357             scale in this ImageArray. direction must in the range
    00358             0..directionCount()-1 and scale in the range
    00359             0..rangeCount()-1. This is useful for example if you used
    00360             \ref applyFourierFilterFamily() and got a resulting
    00361             ImageArray which still has the same order of images, but no
    00362             \ref getFilter() method anymore.
    00363          */
    00364     int filterIndex(int direction, int scale) const
    00365     {
    00366         return scale*directionCount()+direction;
    00367     }
    00368
    00369         /** Return the filter with the given direction and
    00370             scale. direction must in the range 0..directionCount()-1
    00371             and scale in the range 0..rangeCount()-1.
    00372             <tt>filters.getFilter(direction, scale)</tt> is the same as
    00373             <tt>filters[filterIndex(direction, scale)]</tt>.
    00374          */
    00375     ImageType const & getFilter(int direction, int scale) const
    00376     {
    00377         return this->images_[filterIndex(direction, scale)];
    00378     }
    00379
    00380         /** Resize all filters (causing their recalculation).
    00381          */
    00382     virtual void resizeImages(const Diff2D &newSize)
    00383     {
    00384         ParentClass::resizeImages(newSize);
    00385         initFilters();
    00386     }
    00387
    00388         /** Query the number of filter scales available.
    00389          */
    00390     int scaleCount() const
    00391         { return scaleCount_; }
    00392
    00393         /** Query the number of filter directions available.
    00394          */
    00395     int directionCount() const
    00396         { return directionCount_; }
    00397
    00398         /** Change the number of directions / scales. This causes the
    00399             recalculation of all filters.
    00400          */
    00401     void setDirectionScaleCounts(int directionCount, int scaleCount)
    00402     {
    00403         this->resize(directionCount * scaleCount);
    00404         scaleCount_ = scaleCount;
    00405         directionCount_ = directionCount;
    00406         initFilters();
    00407     }
    00408
    00409         /** Return the center frequency of the filter(s) with
    00410             scale==0. Filters with scale>0 will have a center frequency
    00411             reduced in octaves:
    00412             <tt>centerFrequency= maxCenterFrequency / 2.0^scale</tt>
    00413         */
    00414     double maxCenterFrequency()
    00415         { return maxCenterFrequency_; }
    00416
    00417         /** Change the center frequency of the filter(s) with
    00418             scale==0. See \ref maxCenterFrequency().
    00419          */
    00420     void setMaxCenterFrequency(double maxCenterFrequency)
    00421     {
    00422         maxCenterFrequency_ = maxCenterFrequency;
    00423         initFilters();
    00424     }
    00425 };
    00426
    00427 //@}
    00428
    00429 } // namespace vigra
    00430
    00431 #endif // VIGRA_GABORFILTER_HXX

© Ullrich Köthe (koethe@informatik.uni-hamburg.de) Cognitive Systems Group, University of Hamburg, Germany | html generated using doxygen and Python VIGRA 1.5.0 (7 Dec 2006)