thai/thctype.h(3)

NAME
thai/thctype.h - Thai character classifications.

SYNOPSIS

  Functions
int th_istis (thchar_t c)
Is the character a valid TIS-620 code?
int th_isthai (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai character?
int th_iseng (thchar_t c)
Is the character an English character?
int th_isthcons (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai consonant?
int th_isthvowel (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai vowel?
int th_isthtone (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai tone mark?
int th_isthdiac (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai diacritic?
int th_isthdigit (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai digit?
int th_isthpunct (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai punctuation?
int th_istaillesscons (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai consonant that fits the x-height?
int th_isovershootcons (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai consonant with stem above ascender?
int th_isundershootcons (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai consonant with stem below baseline?
int th_isundersplitcons (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai consonant with split part below baseline?
int th_isldvowel (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai leading vowel?
int th_isflvowel (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai following vowel?
int th_isupvowel (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai upper vowel?
int th_isblvowel (thchar_t c)
Is the character a Thai below vowel?
int th_chlevel (thchar_t c)
Position for rendering:.
int th_iscombchar (thchar_t c)
Is the character a combining character?

Detailed Description

Thai character classifications. The Thai Standard Industrial Standards Institute (TIS) defined the Thai character set for using with computer named TIS-620. This character set is 8-bit encoded including both English and Thai characters. Aliases of TIS-620 are TIS620, TIS620-0, TIS620.2529-1, TIS620.2533-0 and ISO-IR-166.

The followings are the enconding values in hexadecimal, unicode values and their names.

 0x00   <U0000> NULL (NUL)
 0x01   <U0001> START OF HEADING (SOH)
 0x02   <U0002> START OF TEXT (STX)
 0x03   <U0003> END OF TEXT (ETX)
 0x04   <U0004> END OF TRANSMISSION (EOT)
 0x05   <U0005> ENQUIRY (ENQ)
 0x06   <U0006> ACKNOWLEDGE (ACK)
 0x07   <U0007> BELL (BEL)
 0x08   <U0008> BACKSPACE (BS)
 0x09   <U0009> CHARACTER TABULATION (HT)
 0x0A   <U000A> LINE FEED (LF)
 0x0B   <U000B> LINE TABULATION (VT)
 0x0C   <U000C> FORM FEED (FF)
 0x0D   <U000D> CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)
 0x0E   <U000E> SHIFT OUT (SO)
 0x0F   <U000F> SHIFT IN (SI)
 0x10   <U0010> DATALINK ESCAPE (DLE)
 0x11   <U0011> DEVICE CONTROL ONE (DC1)
 0x12   <U0012> DEVICE CONTROL TWO (DC2)
 0x13   <U0013> DEVICE CONTROL THREE (DC3)
 0x14   <U0014> DEVICE CONTROL FOUR (DC4)
 0x15   <U0015> NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE (NAK)
 0x16   <U0016> SYNCHRONOUS IDLE (SYN)
 0x17   <U0017> END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK (ETB)
 0x18   <U0018> CANCEL (CAN)
 0x19   <U0019> END OF MEDIUM (EM)
 0x1A   <U001A> SUBSTITUTE (SUB)
 0x1B   <U001B> ESCAPE (ESC)
 0x1C   <U001C> FILE SEPARATOR (IS4)
 0x1D   <U001D> GROUP SEPARATOR (IS3)
 0x1E   <U001E> RECORD SEPARATOR (IS2)
 0x1F   <U001F> UNIT SEPARATOR (IS1)
 0x20   <U0020> SPACE
 0x21   <U0021> EXCLAMATION MARK
 0x22   <U0022> QUOTATION MARK
 0x23   <U0023> NUMBER SIGN
 0x24   <U0024> DOLLAR SIGN
 0x25   <U0025> PERCENT SIGN
 0x26   <U0026> AMPERSAND
 0x27   <U0027> APOSTROPHE
 0x28   <U0028> LEFT PARENTHESIS
 0x29   <U0029> RIGHT PARENTHESIS
 0x2A   <U002A> ASTERISK
 0x2B   <U002B> PLUS SIGN
 0x2C   <U002C> COMMA
 0x2D   <U002D> HYPHEN-MINUS
 0x2E   <U002E> FULL STOP
 0x2F   <U002F> SOLIDUS
 0x30   <U0030> DIGIT ZERO
 0x31   <U0031> DIGIT ONE
 0x32   <U0032> DIGIT TWO
 0x33   <U0033> DIGIT THREE
 0x34   <U0034> DIGIT FOUR
 0x35   <U0035> DIGIT FIVE
 0x36   <U0036> DIGIT SIX
 0x37   <U0037> DIGIT SEVEN
 0x38   <U0038> DIGIT EIGHT
 0x39   <U0039> DIGIT NINE
 0x3A   <U003A> COLON
 0x3B   <U003B> SEMICOLON
 0x3C   <U003C> LESS-THAN SIGN
 0x3D   <U003D> EQUALS SIGN
 0x3E   <U003E> GREATER-THAN SIGN
 0x3F   <U003F> QUESTION MARK
 0x40   <U0040> COMMERCIAL AT
 0x41   <U0041> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A
 0x42   <U0042> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B
 0x43   <U0043> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C
 0x44   <U0044> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D
 0x45   <U0045> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E
 0x46   <U0046> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F
 0x47   <U0047> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G
 0x48   <U0048> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H
 0x49   <U0049> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I
 0x4A   <U004A> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J
 0x4B   <U004B> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K
 0x4C   <U004C> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L
 0x4D   <U004D> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M
 0x4E   <U004E> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N
 0x4F   <U004F> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O
 0x50   <U0050> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P
 0x51   <U0051> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q
 0x52   <U0052> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R
 0x53   <U0053> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S
 0x54   <U0054> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T
 0x55   <U0055> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U
 0x56   <U0056> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V
 0x57   <U0057> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W
 0x58   <U0058> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
 0x59   <U0059> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y
 0x5A   <U005A> LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z
 0x5B   <U005B> LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
 0x5C   <U005C> REVERSE SOLIDUS
 0x5D   <U005D> RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET
 0x5E   <U005E> CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT
 0x5F   <U005F> LOW LINE
 0x60   <U0060> GRAVE ACCENT
 0x61   <U0061> LATIN SMALL LETTER A
 0x62   <U0062> LATIN SMALL LETTER B
 0x63   <U0063> LATIN SMALL LETTER C
 0x64   <U0064> LATIN SMALL LETTER D
 0x65   <U0065> LATIN SMALL LETTER E
 0x66   <U0066> LATIN SMALL LETTER F
 0x67   <U0067> LATIN SMALL LETTER G
 0x68   <U0068> LATIN SMALL LETTER H
 0x69   <U0069> LATIN SMALL LETTER I
 0x6A   <U006A> LATIN SMALL LETTER J
 0x6B   <U006B> LATIN SMALL LETTER K
 0x6C   <U006C> LATIN SMALL LETTER L
 0x6D   <U006D> LATIN SMALL LETTER M
 0x6E   <U006E> LATIN SMALL LETTER N
 0x6F   <U006F> LATIN SMALL LETTER O
 0x70   <U0070> LATIN SMALL LETTER P
 0x71   <U0071> LATIN SMALL LETTER Q
 0x72   <U0072> LATIN SMALL LETTER R
 0x73   <U0073> LATIN SMALL LETTER S
 0x74   <U0074> LATIN SMALL LETTER T
 0x75   <U0075> LATIN SMALL LETTER U
 0x76   <U0076> LATIN SMALL LETTER V
 0x77   <U0077> LATIN SMALL LETTER W
 0x78   <U0078> LATIN SMALL LETTER X
 0x79   <U0079> LATIN SMALL LETTER Y
 0x7A   <U007A> LATIN SMALL LETTER Z
 0x7B   <U007B> LEFT CURLY BRACKET
 0x7C   <U007C> VERTICAL LINE
 0x7D   <U007D> RIGHT CURLY BRACKET
 0x7E   <U007E> TILDE
 0x7F   <U007F> DELETE (DEL)
 0xA1   <U0E01> THAI CHARACTER KO KAI
 0xA2   <U0E02> THAI CHARACTER KHO KHAI
 0xA3   <U0E03> THAI CHARACTER KHO KHUAT
 0xA4   <U0E04> THAI CHARACTER KHO KHWAI
 0xA5   <U0E05> THAI CHARACTER KHO KHON
 0xA6   <U0E06> THAI CHARACTER KHO RAKHANG
 0xA7   <U0E07> THAI CHARACTER NGO NGU
 0xA8   <U0E08> THAI CHARACTER CHO CHAN
 0xA9   <U0E09> THAI CHARACTER CHO CHING
 0xAA   <U0E0A> THAI CHARACTER CHO CHANG
 0xAB   <U0E0B> THAI CHARACTER SO SO
 0xAC   <U0E0C> THAI CHARACTER CHO CHOE
 0xAD   <U0E0D> THAI CHARACTER YO YING
 0xAE   <U0E0E> THAI CHARACTER DO CHADA
 0xAF   <U0E0F> THAI CHARACTER TO PATAK
 0xB0   <U0E10> THAI CHARACTER THO THAN
 0xB1   <U0E11> THAI CHARACTER THO NANGMONTHO
 0xB2   <U0E12> THAI CHARACTER THO PHUTHAO
 0xB3   <U0E13> THAI CHARACTER NO NEN
 0xB4   <U0E14> THAI CHARACTER DO DEK
 0xB5   <U0E15> THAI CHARACTER TO TAO
 0xB6   <U0E16> THAI CHARACTER THO THUNG
 0xB7   <U0E17> THAI CHARACTER THO THAHAN
 0xB8   <U0E18> THAI CHARACTER THO THONG
 0xB9   <U0E19> THAI CHARACTER NO NU
 0xBA   <U0E1A> THAI CHARACTER BO BAIMAI
 0xBB   <U0E1B> THAI CHARACTER PO PLA
 0xBC   <U0E1C> THAI CHARACTER PHO PHUNG
 0xBD   <U0E1D> THAI CHARACTER FO FA
 0xBE   <U0E1E> THAI CHARACTER PHO PHAN
 0xBF   <U0E1F> THAI CHARACTER FO FAN
 0xC0   <U0E20> THAI CHARACTER PHO SAMPHAO
 0xC1   <U0E21> THAI CHARACTER MO MA
 0xC2   <U0E22> THAI CHARACTER YO YAK
 0xC3   <U0E23> THAI CHARACTER RO RUA
 0xC4   <U0E24> THAI CHARACTER RU
 0xC5   <U0E25> THAI CHARACTER LO LING
 0xC6   <U0E26> THAI CHARACTER LU
 0xC7   <U0E27> THAI CHARACTER WO WAEN
 0xC8   <U0E28> THAI CHARACTER SO SALA
 0xC9   <U0E29> THAI CHARACTER SO RUSI
 0xCA   <U0E2A> THAI CHARACTER SO SUA
 0xCB   <U0E2B> THAI CHARACTER HO HIP
 0xCC   <U0E2C> THAI CHARACTER LO CHULA
 0xCD   <U0E2D> THAI CHARACTER O ANG
 0xCE   <U0E2E> THAI CHARACTER HO NOKHUK
 0xCF   <U0E2F> THAI CHARACTER PAIYANNOI
 0xD0   <U0E30> THAI CHARACTER SARA A
 0xD1   <U0E31> THAI CHARACTER MAI HAN-AKAT
 0xD2   <U0E32> THAI CHARACTER SARA AA
 0xD3   <U0E33> THAI CHARACTER SARA AM
 0xD4   <U0E34> THAI CHARACTER SARA I
 0xD5   <U0E35> THAI CHARACTER SARA II
 0xD6   <U0E36> THAI CHARACTER SARA UE
 0xD7   <U0E37> THAI CHARACTER SARA UEE
 0xD8   <U0E38> THAI CHARACTER SARA U
 0xD9   <U0E39> THAI CHARACTER SARA UU
 0xDA   <U0E3A> THAI CHARACTER PHINTHU
 0xDF   <U0E3F> THAI CHARACTER SYMBOL BAHT
 0xE0   <U0E40> THAI CHARACTER SARA E
 0xE1   <U0E41> THAI CHARACTER SARA AE
 0xE2   <U0E42> THAI CHARACTER SARA O
 0xE3   <U0E43> THAI CHARACTER SARA AI MAIMUAN
 0xE4   <U0E44> THAI CHARACTER SARA AI MAIMALAI
 0xE5   <U0E45> THAI CHARACTER LAKKHANGYAO
 0xE6   <U0E46> THAI CHARACTER MAIYAMOK
 0xE7   <U0E47> THAI CHARACTER MAITAIKHU
 0xE8   <U0E48> THAI CHARACTER MAI EK
 0xE9   <U0E49> THAI CHARACTER MAI THO
 0xEA   <U0E4A> THAI CHARACTER MAI TRI
 0xEB   <U0E4B> THAI CHARACTER MAI CHATTAWA
 0xEC   <U0E4C> THAI CHARACTER THANTHAKHAT
 0xED   <U0E4D> THAI CHARACTER NIKHAHIT
 0xEE   <U0E4E> THAI CHARACTER YAMAKKAN
 0xEF   <U0E4F> THAI CHARACTER FONGMAN
 0xF0   <U0E50> THAI DIGIT ZERO
 0xF1   <U0E51> THAI DIGIT ONE
 0xF2   <U0E52> THAI DIGIT TWO
 0xF3   <U0E53> THAI DIGIT THREE
 0xF4   <U0E54> THAI DIGIT FOUR
 0xF5   <U0E55> THAI DIGIT FIVE
 0xF6   <U0E56> THAI DIGIT SIX
 0xF7   <U0E57> THAI DIGIT SEVEN
 0xF8   <U0E58> THAI DIGIT EIGHT
 0xF9   <U0E59> THAI DIGIT NINE
 0xFA   <U0E5A> THAI CHARACTER ANGKHANKHU
 0xFB   <U0E5B> THAI CHARACTER KHOMUT

Thai characters consist of 44 consonants, vowels, tonemarks, diacritics and Thai digits. Thai vowels are divided into 4 groups, Leading Vowels (LV), Following Vowels (FV), Below Vowels (BV) and Above Vowels (AV). There are 4 tonemarks whose position is above a consonant. Diacritics are divided into 2 groups, Above Diacritics (AD) and Below Diacritics (BD).

Libthai has defined 4 levels for the position of a character.

•   Below level: a character is placed below the consonant. th_chlevel() will return the value -1 for these characters.
•   Base level: this includes consonants, FV and LV. A character is placed on baseline. th_chlevel() will return the value 0 for these characters.
•   Above level: a character is placed just above the consonant. th_chlevel() will return the value 1 for these characters.
•   Top level: this includes tone marks and diacritics. For plain character cell rendering, it is safe to put these characters at top-most level. However, some rendering engines may lower them down on absence of character at Above level, for typographical quality. th_chlevel() will return the value 2 for these characters.
There is an extra level value 3 for certain characters which are usually classified as characters at Above level, but are also allowed to be placed at Top level for some rare cases. Two characters fall in this category, namely MAITAIKHU and NIKHAHIT.
MAITAIKHU can be placed at Top level when writing some minority languages such as Kuy, to shorten some syllables with compound vowels, such as Sara Ia and Sara Uea. NIKHAHIT can be placed at Top level in Pali/Sanskrit words, to represent -ng final sound above SARA I.
The following figure illustrates a Thai word and characters' level.
 --------------------------- Top(2)
 ------*-------------------- Top(2)
 ------*-------------------- Top(2)
 ---------------------------
 --------------------------- Above(1)
 ------*---------------*---- Above(1)
 ---****---------------*---- Above(1)
 --------------------------- Above(1)
 ---------------------------
 --------------------------- Base(0)
 --*---*----***-----*--*---- Base(0)
 -*-*-*-*--*---*---*-*-*---- Base(0)
 --**-*-*------*---**--*---- Base(0)
 ---**--*---*--*---*---*---- Base(0)
 ---**--*--*-*-*----*--*---- Base(0)
 ---*---*--**--*---*---*---- Base(0)
 ---*---*--*---*---*---*---- Base(0)
 ---*---*--*****---*****---- Base(0)
 --------------------------- Baseline
 --------------------------- Below(-1)
 -------------------**-*---- Below(-1)
 --------------------***---- Below(-1)
 --------------------------- Below(-1)

A character placed at below, above or top level is also called dead character. It is usually combined with a consonant, after a dead character is typed, the cursor will not be advanced to the next display cell. BV, BD, TONE, AD and AV are classified as dead character.

Function Documentation

  int th_chlevel (thchar_t c)
Position for rendering:.
•   3 = above/top
•   2 = top
•   1 = above
•   0 = base
•   -1 = below

  int th_istis (thchar_t c)
Is the character a valid TIS-620 code?
TIS-620 here means US-ASCII plus TIS-620 extension. Character codes in CR area (0x80-0x9f), non-breaking space (0xa0), code gap range (0xdb-0xde and 0xfc-0xff) are excluded.

Author
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