OPENPTY(3)

NAME
openpty, login_tty, forkpty - tty utility functions

SYNOPSIS
#include <pty.h>

int openpty(int *amaster, int *aslave, char *name,
            struct termios *termp, struct winsize *winp);

pid_t forkpty(int *amaster, char *name, struct termios *termp,
              struct winsize *winp);

#include <utmp.h>

int login_tty(int fd);

Link with -lutil.

DESCRIPTION
The openpty() function finds an available pseudo-terminal and returns file descriptors for the master and slave in amaster and aslave. If name is not NULL, the filename of the slave is returned in name. If termp is not NULL, the terminal parameters of the slave will be set to the values in termp. If winp is not NULL, the window size of the slave will be set to the values in winp. The login_tty() function prepares for a login on the tty fd (which may be a real tty device, or the slave of a pseudo-terminal as returned by openpty()) by creating a new session, making fd the controlling terminal for the calling process, setting fd to be the standard input, output, and error streams of the current process, and closing fd. The forkpty() function combines openpty(), fork(2), and login_tty() to create a new process operating in a pseudo-terminal. The file descriptor of the master side of the pseudo-terminal is returned in amaster, and the filename of the slave in name if it is not NULL. The termp and winp parameters, if not NULL, will determine the terminal attributes and window size of the slave side of the pseudo-terminal.

RETURN VALUE
If a call to openpty(), login_tty(), or forkpty() is not successful, -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error. Otherwise, openpty(), login_tty(), and the child process of forkpty() return 0, and the parent process of forkpty() returns the process ID of the child process.

ERRORS
openpty() will fail if:

ENOENT
    There are no available ttys.

login_tty() will fail if ioctl(2) fails to set fd to the controlling terminal of the calling process.

forkpty() will fail if either openpty() or fork(2) fails.

CONFORMING TO
These are BSD functions, present in libc5 and glibc2.

NOTES
In versions of glibc before 2.0.92, openpty() returns file descriptors for a BSD pseudo-terminal pair; since glibc 2.0.92, it first attempts to open a Unix 98 pseudo-terminal pair, and falls back to opening a BSD pseudo-terminal pair if that fails.

BUGS
Nobody knows how much space should be reserved for name. So, calling openpty() or forkpty() with non-NULL name may not be secure.

SEE ALSO
fork(2), pty(7)

COLOPHON
This page is part of release 2.79 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.