Chapter 41. How to Compile Samba
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## Chapter 41. How to Compile Samba

### Jelmer R. Vernooij

The Samba Team

`<jelmer@samba.org>`

### John H. Terpstra

Samba Team

`<jht@samba.org>`

### Andrew Tridgell

Samba Team

`<tridge@samba.org>`

22 May 2001

18 March 2003

June 2005

You can obtain the Samba source file from the Samba Web site. To obtain a development version, you can download Samba from Subversion or using `rsync`.

## Access Samba Source Code via Subversion

### Introduction

Samba is developed in an open environment. Developers use a Subversion to “checkin” (also known as “commit”) new source code. Samba's various Subversion branches can be accessed via anonymous Subversion using the instructions detailed in this chapter.

This chapter is a modified version of the instructions found at the Samba Web site.

### Subversion Access to samba.org

The machine samba.org runs a publicly accessible Subversion repository for access to the source code of several packages, including Samba, rsync, distcc, ccache, and jitterbug. There are two main ways of accessing the Subversion server on this host.

#### Access via SVNweb

You can access the source code via your favorite WWW browser. This allows you to access the contents of individual files in the repository and also to look at the revision history and commit logs of individual files. You can also ask for a diff listing between any two versions on the repository.

Use the URL http://svnweb.samba.org/.

#### Access via Subversion

You can also access the source code via a normal Subversion client. This gives you much more control over what you can do with the repository and allows you to check out whole source trees and keep them up to date via normal Subversion commands. This is the preferred method of access if you are a developer and not just a casual browser.

In order to be able to download the Samba sources off Subversion, you need a Subversion client. Your distribution might include one, or you can download the sources from http://subversion.tigris.org/.

To gain access via anonymous Subversion, use the following steps.

Procedure 41.1. Retrieving Samba using Subversion

1. Install a recent copy of Subversion. All you really need is a copy of the Subversion client binary.

2. Run the command

       	svn co svn://svnanon.samba.org/samba/trunk samba.

   This will create a directory called `samba` containing the latest Samba source code (usually the branch that is going to be the next major release). This currently corresponds to the 3.1 development tree.

   Subversion branches other then trunk can be obtained by adding branches/BRANCH_NAME to the URL you check out. A list of branch names can be found on the “Development” page of the Samba Web site. A common request is to obtain the latest 3.0 release code. This could be done by using the following command:

       	svn co svn://svnanon.samba.org/samba/branches/SAMBA_3_0 samba_3.

3. Whenever you want to merge in the latest code changes, use the following command from within the Samba directory:

       	svn update

## Accessing the Samba Sources via rsync and ftp

`pserver.samba.org` also exports unpacked copies of most parts of the Subversion tree at the Samba pserver location and also via anonymous rsync at the Samba rsync server location. I recommend using rsync rather than ftp, because rsync is capable of compressing data streams, but it is also more useful than FTP because during a partial update it will transfer only the data that is missing plus a small overhead. See the rsync home page for more info on rsync.

The disadvantage of the unpacked trees is that they do not support automatic merging of local changes as Subversion does. `rsync` access is most convenient for an initial install.

## Verifying Samba's PGP Signature

It is strongly recommended that you verify the PGP signature for any source file before installing it. Even if you're not downloading from a mirror site, verifying PGP signatures should be a standard reflex. Many people today use the GNU GPG tool set in place of PGP. GPG can substitute for PGP.

With that said, go ahead and download the following files:

    $ wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-3.0.20.tar.asc
    $ wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-pubkey.asc

The first file is the PGP signature for the Samba source file; the other is the Samba public PGP key itself. Import the public PGP key with:

    $ gpg --import samba-pubkey.asc

and verify the Samba source code integrity with:

    $ gzip -d samba-3.0.20.tar.gz
    $ gpg --verify samba-3.0.20.tar.asc

If you receive a message like, “Good signature from Samba Distribution Verification Key...,” then all is well. The warnings about trust relationships can be ignored. An example of what you would not want to see would be:

    gpg: BAD signature from “Samba Distribution Verification Key”

## Building the Binaries

After the source tarball has been unpacked, the next step involves configuration to match Samba to your operating system platform. If your source directory does not contain the `configure` script, it is necessary to build it before you can continue. Building of the configure script requires the correct version of the autoconf tool kit. Where the necessary version of autoconf is present, the configure script can be generated by executing the following:

    root#  cd samba-3.0.20/source
    root#  ./autogen.sh

To build the binaries, run the program `./configure` in the source directory. This should automatically configure Samba for your operating system. If you have unusual needs, then you may wish to first run:

    root# ./configure --help

This will help you to see what special options can be enabled. Now execute `./configure` with any arguments it might need:

    root# ./configure [... arguments ...]

Execute the following create the binaries:

    root#  make

Once it is successfully compiled, you can execute the command shown here to install the binaries and manual pages:

    root#  make install

Some people prefer to install binary files and man pages separately. If this is your wish, the binary files can be installed by executing:

    root#  make installbin

The man pages can be installed using this command:

    root#  make installman

Note that if you are upgrading from a previous version of Samba the old versions of the binaries will be renamed with an “.old” extension. You can go back to the previous version by executing:

    root#  make revert

As you can see from this, building and installing Samba does not need to result in disaster!

### Compiling Samba with Active Directory Support

In order to compile Samba with ADS support, you need to have installed on your system:

- The MIT or Heimdal Kerberos development libraries (either install from the sources or use a package).

- The OpenLDAP development libraries.

If your Kerberos libraries are in a nonstandard location, then remember to add the configure option `--with-krb5=`DIR``.

After you run configure, make sure that the `include/config.h` it generates contain lines like this:

    #define HAVE_KRB5 1
    #define HAVE_LDAP 1

If it does not, configure did not find your KRB5 libraries or your LDAP libraries. Look in `config.log` to figure out why and fix it.

#### Installing the Required Packages for Debian

On Debian, you need to install the following packages:

- libkrb5-dev

- krb5-user

#### Installing the Required Packages for Red Hat Linux

On Red Hat Linux, this means you should have at least:

- krb5-workstation (for kinit)

- krb5-libs (for linking with)

- krb5-devel (because you are compiling from source)

in addition to the standard development environment.

If these files are not installed on your system, you should check the installation CDs to find which has them and install the files using your tool of choice. If in doubt about what tool to use, refer to the Red Hat Linux documentation.

#### SuSE Linux Package Requirements

SuSE Linux installs Heimdal packages that may be required to allow you to build binary packages. You should verify that the development libraries have been installed on your system.

SuSE Linux Samba RPMs support Kerberos. Please refer to the documentation for your SuSE Linux system for information regarding SuSE Linux specific configuration. Additionally, SuSE is very active in the maintenance of Samba packages that provide the maximum capabilities that are available. You should consider using SuSE-provided packages where they are available.

## Starting the smbd nmbd and winbindd

You must choose to start smbd, winbindd and nmbd either as daemons or from inetd. Don't try to do both! Either you can put them in `inetd.conf` and have them started on demand by inetd or xinetd, or you can start them as daemons either from the command-line or in `/etc/rc.local`. See the man pages for details on the command line options. Take particular care to read the bit about what user you need to have to start Samba. In many cases, you must be root.

The main advantage of starting smbd and nmbd using the recommended daemon method is that they will respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection request.

### Starting from inetd.conf

### Note

The following will be different if you use NIS, NIS+, or LDAP to distribute services maps.

Look at your `/etc/services`. What is defined at port 139/tcp? If nothing is defined, then add a line like this:

    netbios-ssn     139/tcp

Similarly for 137/udp, you should have an entry like:

    netbios-ns	137/udp

Next, edit your `/etc/inetd.conf` and add two lines like this:

    netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/sbin/smbd smbd
    netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/sbin/nmbd nmbd

The exact syntax of `/etc/inetd.conf` varies between UNIXes. Look at the other entries in inetd.conf for a guide.

Some distributions use xinetd instead of inetd. Consult the xinetd manual for configuration information.

### Note

Some UNIXes already have entries like netbios_ns (note the underscore) in `/etc/services`. You must edit `/etc/services` or `/etc/inetd.conf` to make them consistent.

### Note

On many systems you may need to use the interfaces option in `smb.conf` to specify the IP address and netmask of your interfaces. Run ifconfig as root if you do not know what the broadcast is for your net. nmbd tries to determine it at runtime, but fails on some UNIXes.

### Warning

Many UNIXes only accept around five parameters on the command line in `inetd.conf`. This means you shouldn't use spaces between the options and arguments, or you should use a script and start the script from `inetd`.

Restart inetd, perhaps just send it a HUP, like this:

    root# killall -HUP inetd

### Alternative: Starting smbd as a Daemon

To start the server as a daemon, you should create a script something like this one, perhaps calling it `startsmb`.

    #!/bin/sh
    /usr/local/samba/sbin/smbd -D
    /usr/local/samba/sbin/winbindd -B
    /usr/local/samba/sbin/nmbd -D

Make it executable with `chmod +x startsmb`.

You can then run `startsmb` by hand or execute it from `/etc/rc.local`.

To kill it, send a kill signal to the processes nmbd and smbd.

### Note

If you use the SVR4-style init system, you may like to look at the `examples/svr4-startup` script to make Samba fit into that system.

#### Starting Samba for Red Hat Linux

Red Hat Linux has not always included all Samba components in the standard installation. So versions of Red Hat Linux do not install the winbind utility, even though it is present on the installation CDROM media. Check to see if the `winbindd` is present on the system:

    root#  ls /usr/sbin/winbindd
    /usr/sbin/winbindd

This means that the appropriate RPM package was installed. The following response means that it is not installed:

    /bin/ls: /usr/sbin/winbind: No such file or directory

In this case, it should be installed if you intend to use `winbindd`. Search the CDROM installation media for the samba-winbind RPM and install it following Red Hat guidelines.

The process for starting Samba will now be outlined. Be sure to configure Samba's `smb.conf` file before starting Samba. When configured, start Samba by executing:

    root#  service smb start
    root#  service winbind start

These steps will start nmbd, smbd and winbindd.

To ensure that these services will be automatically restarted when the system is rebooted execute:

    root#  chkconfig smb on
    root#  chkconfig winbind on

Samba will be started automatically at every system reboot.

#### Starting Samba for Novell SUSE Linux

Novell SUSE Linux products automatically install all essential Samba components in a default installation. Configure your `smb.conf` file, then execute the following to start Samba:

    root#  rcnmb start
    root#  rcsmb start
    root#  rcwinbind start

Now execute these commands so that Samba will be started automatically following a system reboot:

    root#  chkconfig nmb on
    root#  chkconfig smb on
    root#  chkconfig winbind on

The Samba services will now be started automatically following a system reboot.

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