# Working with Frames

Since &kword; is a frames based word processor, an understanding of Frames is necessary for all but the most simple of documents.

This section is designed to give you a firm understanding of how to create, destroy and manipulate frames so &kword; can provide you with the exact document you want.

## Framesets

Before we continue our discussion of Frames, its important that we define a couple terms now:

Frame

- A frame is a rectangular space on the page. This space defines an area where text (or other data), can be placed.

Frameset

- A frame set is a group of frames. Each frame in the Frameset has a position within the Frameset

  The position is determined when the frames are created. The first frame created is Frame #1, the second is Frame #2, &etc;

  All text flows from one frame to another within a frame set, and only within a frame set. Text flows from frame to frame within the frame set according to the position of each frame

  As an example: If we have a frame set that consists of three frames (#1, #2, and #3).

  As we type text into Frame #1, the text is shaped to the outline of Frame #1

  When the text will no longer fit within Frame #1, it is automatically continued into Frame #2.

Text moves freely between frames within a Frameset. If you insert text in the middle of a frame, all text after the inserted text is rearranged as you type.

## Adding a Text Frame to a Document

Adding a text frame can be done one of three ways:

- By selecting Insert Text Frame from the Menu bar

- You can use the keyboard shortcut: F2

- or by clicking on the tool-bar.

Whatever method you choose, &kword; responds by changing the cursor to a set of cross hairs.

Using the mouse, place the cursor at one of the corners of your new text frame. (Any corner will work)

Now click and hold with the left mouse button.

Drag the mouse towards the opposite corner of the rectangle. As you drag the mouse, you will see a box drawn. This box represents the boundaries of your new text frame.

When you are satisfied with the size and shape of the new text frame, release the mouse button.

A dialog box appears.

This dialog box is used to determine which frameset this new frame will belong to.

Using the screenshot as an example, a new text frame has been created in a document which currently has two framesets (called Frameset 1, and Frameset 2).

You now have the option of either:

Append it to a previously created framesets.

- To do this, simply select the frameset you want the new frame to belong to. (Either Frameset 1, or Frameset 2 in the example.)

  When this text frame is created, the new text frame will become the last frame in the selected frameset.

Create a new frameset.

- If you want this to be a new frame set, you should enter a descriptive name for your new frame set. (A name which will tell you what you might find in that frame set). This name should be entered in the text box labeled Name of new Frameset.

  This newly added frame will be the first (and currently only) frame in the frameset.

The other tabs in this dialog box, can be used to set some options for this frame. For more information on these options, see the section entitled Formatting Frames.

If you click OK, the new frame will be created.

If you click Cancel, the new frame will not be created, and you will be returned to editing your document.

## Deleting a Frame From a Document

You may decide you no longer need a frame in your document. You could leave it blank (so it would not be visible in the final output), but you should delete it to keep your document as simple as possible.

Begin by clicking on the text frame border of the frame you want to delete.

There is now 8 black squares on the edges of the frame.

If this is the frame you want to delete, you can do so by:

- Press the Delete key.

- selecting Frames Delete Frame from the Menu bar

- While the cursor is on the border of the frame you want to delete, click once with the &RMB;.

  A small menu will appear. Select Delete Frame.

If you are trying to delete the last frame in a frame set, &kword; will ask you if you want to delete the current text frame. If you click Delete, the frame, all frames connected to it, and the data within these frames (if there is any), will be deleted.

If you click Cancel, the frame will not be deleted.

If you are trying to delete a frame that is not the last frame in a frame set, &kword; will not ask for a confirmation. It will delete the current frame immediately, and move the data into the next frame in a frame set. No data will be deleted.

## Moving an Existing Frame

Moving a frame around on the page is easy.

Place the mouse cursor over the frame border, click once with the left mouse button and hold the button down..

There are now 8 black squares on the edges of the frame.

Drag the cursor in the direction you want to move the frame.

You will see an outline of the frame as you move it. When the outline is where you want it, release the mouse button.

## Resizing an Existing Frame

It is also easy to change the size or shape of a frame.

Place the cursor on the border of the frame and click once with the &LMB;. This selects this frame as the current frame.

There are now 8 black squares on the edges of the frame. By moving these squares, you will be able to drag the frame border(s) to a new location.

Each square will move a different combination of borders.

As an example: To move the bottom border of a frame, place the mouse over the box at the six o'clock position in the frame. When the mouse is over the box, it will change to a double headed arrow.

Now click with the &LMB; and hold the button down. As you move the mouse up and down on the page, you will see that the frame changes shape to match the movements of the mouse. When the bottom edge of the frame is at the new location, simply release the mouse button, and the changes will become permanent.

If you are using a Text Layout Template, you cannot change the size of the primary frame by dragging the edges of the frame. If you want to resize this frame, you must do so by Changing the margins

## Reconnecting Frames in a Frameset/Changing text flow..

Normally, each new text frame is created with a specific purpose. Sometimes, however, as the document is changed, changes to the text flow will need to be made. To accomplish this, you will need to know how to move a frame from one frameset to another.

First click on the frame border of the frame you want to move to another frameset..

You can change the frame set of the currently selected frame by selecting Frames Frame/Frameset from the Menu bar

You can also accomplish this by clicking on the frame border once with the &RMB;, and selecting Frame/Frameset... from the submenu.

This will bring up a dialog box with five tabs. Select the tab labeled Connect Text Frames.

You will be presented with a list of framesets. Simply select the new frameset.

When you click OK, the currently selected frame will be added to the end of that frameset.

## Raise and Lower Frames

When two frames occupy the same place on a page, they must overlap. When they overlap, one frame sits above the other frame.

You can raise and lower the frames to change which frame sits above the other frames by using two commands.

Raise frame

- To raise a frame, select the frame by clicking once on the frame border with the &RMB;.

  Select Frames Raise Frame from the menubar.

  This will place the frame on top of all other frames that it overlaps.

  Pressing &Ctrl;&Shift;R is the same as selecting Raise Frame from the menubar.

Lower frame

- To lower a frame, select the frame by clicking once on the frame border with the &RMB;.

  Select Frames Lower Frame from the menubar.

  This will place the frame below all other frames that it overlaps.

  Pressing &Ctrl;&Shift;L is the same as selecting Lower Frame from the menubar.

## Hard Frame Breaks

A hard frame break is a special formatting character. It is invisible on the final printed output.

The purpose of a hard frame break, is to force all the text that follows it into the next frame in the frameset.

If we have the following sentence: We have nothing to fear but fear itself

and we insert a Hard Frame Break, just before the word but.

We will end up with one frame containing We have nothing to fear, and the next frame in the frameset begining with but fear itself.

To add a Hard Frame Break, you should first place the keyboard cursor where you want the break to be located in the document.

A Hard Frame Break can be inserted one of two ways:

- Select Insert Hard Frame Break from the Menu bar

- You can use the keyboard shortcut: Ctrl Return

If you want to remove a Hard Frame Break, you simply delete it like you would any other character.

Since this is not a character that you can normally see in &kword;, it will be easier to delete a Hard Frame Break with the following proceedure.

1. Select View Formatting Characters from the menubar. This will make the paragraph marks visible.

2. Find the newly revealed Hard Frame Break, labled ---Frame Break---. Place the cursor in front of this and click once with the &LMB;.

3. Now press the Delete key.