import numpy as np
from scipy.optimize import linear_sum_assignment

from ...utils._param_validation import StrOptions, validate_params
from ...utils.validation import check_array, check_consistent_length

__all__ = ["consensus_score"]


def _check_rows_and_columns(a, b):
    """Unpacks the row and column arrays and checks their shape."""
    check_consistent_length(*a)
    check_consistent_length(*b)
    checks = lambda x: check_array(x, ensure_2d=False)
    a_rows, a_cols = map(checks, a)
    b_rows, b_cols = map(checks, b)
    return a_rows, a_cols, b_rows, b_cols


def _jaccard(a_rows, a_cols, b_rows, b_cols):
    """Jaccard coefficient on the elements of the two biclusters."""
    intersection = (a_rows * b_rows).sum() * (a_cols * b_cols).sum()

    a_size = a_rows.sum() * a_cols.sum()
    b_size = b_rows.sum() * b_cols.sum()

    return intersection / (a_size + b_size - intersection)


def _pairwise_similarity(a, b, similarity):
    """Computes pairwise similarity matrix.

    result[i, j] is the Jaccard coefficient of a's bicluster i and b's
    bicluster j.

    """
    a_rows, a_cols, b_rows, b_cols = _check_rows_and_columns(a, b)
    n_a = a_rows.shape[0]
    n_b = b_rows.shape[0]
    result = np.array(
        [
            [similarity(a_rows[i], a_cols[i], b_rows[j], b_cols[j]) for j in range(n_b)]
            for i in range(n_a)
        ]
    )
    return result


@validate_params(
    {
        "a": [tuple],
        "b": [tuple],
        "similarity": [callable, StrOptions({"jaccard"})],
    },
    prefer_skip_nested_validation=True,
)
def consensus_score(a, b, *, similarity="jaccard"):
    """The similarity of two sets of biclusters.

    Similarity between individual biclusters is computed. Then the
    best matching between sets is found using the Hungarian algorithm.
    The final score is the sum of similarities divided by the size of
    the larger set.

    Read more in the :ref:`User Guide <biclustering>`.

    Parameters
    ----------
    a : tuple (rows, columns)
        Tuple of row and column indicators for a set of biclusters.

    b : tuple (rows, columns)
        Another set of biclusters like ``a``.

    similarity : 'jaccard' or callable, default='jaccard'
        May be the string "jaccard" to use the Jaccard coefficient, or
        any function that takes four arguments, each of which is a 1d
        indicator vector: (a_rows, a_columns, b_rows, b_columns).

    Returns
    -------
    consensus_score : float
       Consensus score, a non-negative value, sum of similarities
       divided by size of larger set.

    References
    ----------

    * Hochreiter, Bodenhofer, et. al., 2010. `FABIA: factor analysis
      for bicluster acquisition
      <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2881408/>`__.
    """
    if similarity == "jaccard":
        similarity = _jaccard
    matrix = _pairwise_similarity(a, b, similarity)
    row_indices, col_indices = linear_sum_assignment(1.0 - matrix)
    n_a = len(a[0])
    n_b = len(b[0])
    return matrix[row_indices, col_indices].sum() / max(n_a, n_b)
